Official logo of the Olympiad.

The 21st Chess Olympiad (French: La 21e Olympiade d'échecs), organized by FIDE and comprising an open[1] team tournament, as well as several other events designed to promote the game of chess, took place between June 6 and June 30, 1974, in Nice, France.

Bobby Fischer was still the reigning World Champion, but had not played a single game of tournament chess since he won the title in 1972 and was not present in Nice either. However, the American team still managed to secure third place in his absence.

For the same reason, for the second time in a row, the Soviet team was not led by the current world champion. It did, however, feature three previous (Tal, Petrosian, and Spassky) as well as one future champion (Karpov). The team won by 8½ points, the biggest victory margin yet, and took home their twelfth consecutive gold medals, with Yugoslavia and the United States taking the silver and bronze, respectively.

With a complete lack of tension in the championship race, the tournament had more than its share of political tension. In Final B, the Tunisian team refused to play Israel, so the score was computed according to Elo ratings, and awarded as a 3–1 win for the Israeli team.

Due to their apartheid policies, both South Africa and Rhodesia were expelled from FIDE with three rounds to go. The South African team withdrew from the tournament, and their Final C results were deleted from the overall standings. After FIDE president Max Euwe failed to have Rhodesia ejected from the Olympiad, they were allowed to finish the tournament and won Final E, with help from default victories against Iraq and Algeria who refused to play them in protest.

Results

Preliminaries

A total of 74 teams were divided into eight preliminary groups of nine or ten teams each, from which the top two advanced to Final A, no. 3-4 to Final B, etc. Preliminary head-to-head results were carried over to the finals, so no team met any other team more than once. All preliminary groups and finals were played as round-robin tournaments.

The results were as follows:

  • Group 1:
Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 + = Points
«A»  Soviet Union - 4 3 3 4 4 4 8 0 0 29
«A»  Wales 0 - 3 4 4 6 2 0 21
«B»  Scotland ½ - 2 3 4 4 5 2 1 21
«B»  Poland 1 2 - 4 4 5 2 1 20
«C»  Brazil 1 - 4 5 3 0 19
«C»  Mongolia ½ 1 1 - 3 3 3 5 0 15
«D»  Puerto Rico 0 0 ½ 1 - 3 2 6 0 11
«D»  Jordan 0 ½ 0 0 ½ 1 1 - 2 0 7 1 5
«E»  Netherlands Antilles 0 0 0 0 0 ½ ½ 2 - 0 7 1 3
  • Group 2:
Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 + = Points
«A»  United States - 3 4 2 2 4 4 4 6 0 2 26½
«A»  England 1 - 3 3 4 4 7 1 0 24½
«B»  Denmark 0 - 3 3 6 2 0 20½
«B»  Canada 2 1 ½ - 4 4 4 4 3 1 20½
«C»  Australia 2 1 1 - 4 3 5 2 1 19½
«C»  Ecuador ½ 0 ½ ½ - 2 3 3 2 5 1 11
«D»  Luxembourg 0 ½ 1 0 0 2 - 3 1 6 1 8
«D»  Panama 0 0 0 ½ 1 - 2 1 6 1
«E»  Rhodesia 0 ½ ½ 0 1 1 1 2 - 0 7 1 6
  • Group 3:
Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 + = Points
«A»  Yugoslavia - 2 3 4 4 4 7 0 1 25½
«A»  Finland 2 - 2 4 4 4 3 5 1 2 23
«B»  Cuba - 1 2 4 4 4 5 2 1 22½
«B»  Italy 1 2 3 - 1 3 3 5 2 1 19
«C»  Iran ½ 0 2 3 - 2 3 3 4 2 2 16
«C»  Venezuela 0 0 1 - 2 4 2 5 1 12½
«D»  Pakistan 0 ½ 2 - 3 2 1 5 2 12
«D»  Uruguay 0 0 0 ½ 1 2 1 - 3 1 6 1
«E»  Iraq 0 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 - 0 7 1 6
  • Group 4:
Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 + = Points
«A»  Hungary - 3 4 4 4 4 8 0 0 28½
«A»  Spain - 2 2 3 3 4 5 1 2 22½
«B»  Belgium 1 2 - 6 1 1 19
«B»  Tunisia ½ 2 - 2 3 4 2 2 17½
«C»  Chile 0 1 2 - 2 4 3 4 3 3 2 17
«C»  Syria 0 1 2 - 1 3 2 5 1 13½
«D»  Malta ½ ½ ½ 1 0 3 - 3 3 5 0 11
«D»  Malaysia 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ - 1 7 0 8
«E»  Japan 0 0 ½ 1 1 - 0 8 0 7
 Nicaragua 0 -
  • Only two players from the Nicaraguan team arrived in Nice, and after the team were forced to forfeit their first match against Chile, Nicaragua withdrew from the tournament. The forfeit was deleted from the Group 4 standings.
  • Group 5:
Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 + = Points
«A»  West Germany - 2 3 4 3 3 4 4 4 7 0 1 27
«A»  Sweden 2 - 3 2 4 4 3 5 1 2 24
«B»  Iceland 1 - 3 3 4 6 2 0 21
«B»  Portugal 0 1 1 - 4 4 4 5 3 0 20
«C» South Africa South Africa 1 2 ½ - 2 3 4 4 4 2 2 19
«C»  Ireland 1 ½ 1 2 - 3 3 3 3 4 1 15
«D»  Hong Kong 0 0 ½ 0 1 1 - 3 3 2 6 0
«D»  Guernsey 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 - 3 1 7 0 5
«E»  Trinidad and Tobago 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 - 0 8 0
  • Group 6:
Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 + = Points
«A»  Czechoslovakia - 2 3 4 4 4 4 4 7 0 1 28½
«A»  Romania 2 - 3 3 3 4 4 7 0 1 25
«B»  Norway ½ - 4 3 4 6 2 0 22½
«B»  Colombia 1 1 - 2 4 4 4 3 1 19½
«C»  New Zealand 0 1 ½ 2 - 1 2 3 4 2 4 2 13½
«C»  Singapore 0 1 0 3 - 1 2 6 0 11½
«D»  Lebanon 0 0 1 ½ 2 - 2 3 2 4 2 11
«D»  Monaco 0 ½ ½ 0 1 3 2 - 2 1 5 2 9
«E»  Andorra 0 0 0 0 0 ½ 1 2 - 0 7 1
  • Group 7:
Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 + = Points
«A»  Bulgaria - 3 2 2 3 4 4 4 6 1 2 27
«A»  Philippines 1 - 2 4 4 7 1 1 26½
«B»  Israel 2 2 - 3 2 4 3 6 0 3 24½
«B»  France 1 - 3 3 7 2 0 24
«C»  Indonesia 2 - 3 3 4 5 3 1 22½
«C»  Turkey 1 ½ ½ 1 - 4 4 3 3 6 0 17
«D»  Dominican Republic ½ ½ 2 ½ 1 - 3 2 4 3 4 2 16
«D»  Faroe Islands 0 ½ ½ 1 0 1 - 2 7 0
«E»  Cyprus 0 0 0 1 ½ 0 2 - 1 7 1
«E»  British Virgin Islands 0 0 1 ½ 0 1 0 ½ - 0 9 0
  • Group 8:
Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 + = Points
«A»  Netherlands - 3 1 3 4 3 4 4 4 7 1 0 26
«A»  Argentina 1 - 3 3 4 4 4 7 1 0 26
«B»  Austria 3 1 - 2 3 3 4 4 6 1 1 23½
«B»   Switzerland 1 1 2 - 3 3 4 5 2 1 20
«C»  Greece 0 ½ 1 - 4 4 3 4 4 0 16½
«C»  Mexico 1 ½ ½ 1 - 3 4 4 3 5 0 15½
«D»  Morocco 0 0 1 ½ 0 1 - 4 4 2 6 0 10½
«D»  United States Virgin Islands 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 - 2 0 7 1 3
«E»  Bahamas 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 - 0 7 1 3

Finals

Final A
#CountryPlayersAverage
rating
PointsMP
1 Soviet UnionKarpov, Korchnoi, Spassky, Petrosian, Tal, Kuzmin266546
2 YugoslaviaGligorić, Ljubojević, Ivkov, Planinc, Velimirović, Parma256637½
3 United StatesKavalek, Byrne, Browne, Reshevsky, Lombardy, Tarjan258636½22
4 BulgariaRadulov, Padevsky, Tringov, Popov, Spasov, Kirov247536½21
5 NetherlandsTimman, Donner, Sosonko, Ree, Enklaar, Kuijpers247835½
6 HungaryPortisch, Bilek, Csom, Ribli, Forintos, Sax255435
7 West GermanySchmid, Unzicker, Pfleger, Hecht, Dueball, Kestler253432
8 RomaniaGheorghiu, Ciocâltea, Ghițescu, Ghizdavu, Partoș, Pavlov246829½16
9 CzechoslovakiaHort, Jansa, Filip, Přibyl, Plachetka, Lechtýnský252129½14
10 EnglandHartston, Keene, Penrose, Whiteley, Stean, Markland245626
11 PhilippinesTorre, Cardoso, Naranja, Balinas, Lontoc, Bordonada235825½12
12 SpainPomar, Torán, Calvo, Bellón López, Visier Segovia, Sanz242825½11
13 SwedenAndersson, Ornstein, Jansson, Liljedahl, Uddenfeldt, Kinnmark244825
14 ArgentinaQuinteros, Sanguineti, Najdorf, Rubinetti, Szmetan, Debarnot249123½
15 FinlandWesterinen, Poutiainen, Rantanen, Hurme, Venäläinen, Raaste231922
16 WalesWilliams, Hutchings, Jones, Cooper, Sully, Trevelyan228514½
Final B
#CountryPlayersAverage
rating
PointsMP
17 IsraelLiberzon, Kraidman, Czerniak, Kagan, Bleiman, Radashkovich246540½
18 AustriaRobatsch, Dückstein, Prameshuber, Janetschek, Röhrl, Stoppel238838½
19 ItalyMariotti, Tatai, Tóth, Cosulich, Zichichi, Cappello242838
20 ColombiaCastro, Cuartas, Alzate, García, de Greiff, Silva235432½
21 NorwayØgaard, Johannessen, Zwaig, Hoen, Ulrichsen, Moen24103219
22 IcelandÓlafsson, Sigurjónsson, Jóhannsson, Kristinsson, Ásmundsson, Víglundsson24563218
23 PolandSchmidt, Doda, Pytel, Kostro, Adamski, Pokojowczyk24303217
24 CanadaSuttles, Biyiasas, Yanofsky, Kuprejanov, Day, Piasetski24193118
25 CubaGarcía González, García Martínez, Rodríguez Cordoba, Jiménez, Estévez Morales, Rodríguez Céspedes24233115
26 DenmarkAndersen, Rath, Moe, Iskov, Kølbæk, Jacobsen24053114
27  SwitzerlandHug, Lombard, Schaufelberger, Wirthensohn, Gereben, Ott238029
28 FranceMaclès, Todorcevic, Seret, Puhm, Bessenay, Benoit238127½
29 ScotlandPritchett, McKay, Levy, Jamieson, Bonner, Young231925½
30 BelgiumBoey, Van Seters, Beyen, Bonne, De Bruycker, Wostyn232323½
31 PortugalDurão, Silva, Cordovil, Ribeiro, Santos L., Santos J. P.230619½
32 TunisiaBouaziz, Belkadi, Tabbane, Teboudi K., Najar C., Graa220017½
Final C
#CountryPlayersAverage
rating
PointsMP
33 AustraliaJamieson, Fuller, Shaw, Woodhams, Pope, Purdy228639
34 IranHarandi, Sharif, Shirazi, Sawadkuhi, Shahsavar, Safarzadeh232034½
35 BrazilMecking, Câmara, van Riemsdijk, Segal, Nóbrega, Toth242432½
36 MongoliaLhagva, Ujtumen, Myagmarsuren, Gungabazar, Tumurbator, Purevzhav236431½
37 IrelandMacGrillen, Littleton, Cox, Henry, Heidenfeld, Cassidy224530½
38 ChileSánchez, Velasco, Bugueño, Letelier, Grunberg, Ojeda23843017
39 IndonesiaArdiansyah, Sampouw, Suwuh, Bessaria, Sinulingga, Damanik22493014
40 GreeceMakropoulos, Skalkotas, Trikaliotis, Vizantiadis, Tsouros, Gavrilakis226327½16
41 MexicoCampos López, Frey, Escondrillas, Ramírez, Lara, Ocampo228327½14
42 TurkeyOnat, Pekün, Bilyap, Olgaç, Erözbek, Süer226527
43 SingaporePang Kwok Leong, Leow, Lee Chee Seng, Choong Liong On, Lim Kok Ann, Chia221925
44 VenezuelaCherem, Gamboa, Sánchez, Caro, Mijares, Guerra220324½
45 New ZealandFairhurst, Sarapu, Garbett, Green, Stuart, Kerr223022½
46 EcuadorYépez, Idrovo, Camatón, Verduga, Galarza, Dillon221322
47 SyriaRifai S., Kassabe, Tabba, Arik A., Albaba M., Kabbani M.220016
WDSouth Africa South Africa[2]Friedgood, Kroon, Korostenski, de Villiers, Bloch, Aalbersberg2228-
Final D
#CountryPlayersAverage
rating
PointsMP
48 PakistanButt, Farooqui, Ahmad N., Ahmad I., Mir, Ali220049½
49 Puerto RicoTorres, Moraza Choisme, Colón Romero A., Freyre, Bird Picó, Falcón220344½
50 Dominican RepublicDelgado, Gonzáles, Juliao, Pérez, Pérez Nivar, Yabra220043½
51 LuxembourgFeller, Milbers, Peters, Schammo, Schneider, Philippe220138½
52 LebanonTarazi, Daoud, Thomas, Loheac-Ammoun, Sursock, Bedrossian22063520
53 UruguayLamas Baliero, Bademian Orchanian, Ricetto, Pastori, Maiztegui Casas, Israel Catán22003517
54 PanamaRamón Martínez, Fabrega, Cuéllar, Moreno Merediz, Lombana, Denis220033
55 MonacoTasic, Brodeur, Scharf, Kostjoerin, Martelli R., Angles d'Auriac220029½
56 MaltaCamilleri, Attard, Gouder, Cilia Vincenti, Casha, Soler220629
57 Hong KongKan Wai Shui, Hasan, Ko Chi, Krouk, Sin Kuen, Smith M.224027½13
58 Faroe IslandsApol, Petersen, Midjord, Olsen, Thomsen, Ziska220027½12
59 MalaysiaChan Mun Fye, Foo Lum Choon, Choo Min Wang, Wahid, Jamaluddin, Ng220024½
60 MoroccoBakali, Nejjar, Sbia, Iraqui, Meftouh, Dakka220021½
61 JordanAl-Mallah, Arafat, Hamam, Sanoseyan, Baslan M., Haddad220017½
62 GuernseyPalmer, Withers, Moriarty, Gavey, Savident, Knight2200122
63 United States Virgin IslandsAbraham, Purington, Reussner, Scherman A., Scherman N., Fyfe-Reussner, Bushnaq[3]2200122
Final E
#CountryPlayersAverage
rating
Points
64 RhodesiaDonnely, Fox, Barlow, Levy, Hillmann, Hope M.220028½
65 IraqAl-Shakarchi, Mubarak, Al-Kazzaz R. K., Taha, Muhsin F., Subbar220024½
66 Netherlands AntillesWeiland, Zalm, Van Loon, Fernán, Croes, Rigaud O. W.220021½
67 JapanGonda, Naito, Hamada, Arita, Tatsutomi, Seki220020½
68 CyprusRiza, Scoatarin, Vassiades, Hadjittofis, Kleopas, Hadjiyiannis220019
69 Trinidad and TobagoMohipp A., Brassington F., Ramon-Fortune, Sears, Lee, Poon A. C.220018
70 AlgeriaChaabi, Bouzida M., Baghli, Hanni F.220017
71 AndorraGómez Abad, Sanz, De la Casa, Iglesias, Pantebre Martínez, Fité Barris220013
72 BahamasAntonas, Thompson, Rolle, Adderley, Ramcharran, Ingraham220011
73 British Virgin IslandsHook, Van Dyke B., Green S. L., Pickering, Downing, Van Dyke2200

Final «A»

  • Matches played in semi-finals are italicized.
Place Country 12345678910111213141516 +-=Points
1  Soviet Union -323233444 130246
2  Yugoslavia -21223324 83437½
3  United States 1-23323 103236½
4  Bulgaria 22-2222333324 71736½
5  Netherlands 12-222334 83435½
6  Hungary 2322-113 93335
7  West Germany ½22-22233 73532
8  Romania ½212232-222231 43829½
9  Czechoslovakia 1½222-3123 56429½
10  England 121121-22222 17726
11  Philippines ½121½3232-112 47425½
12  Spain 0½11223-23 48325½
13  Sweden 1½1212232-2 28525
14  Argentina ½21½31222-2 19523½
15  Finland 02½111½22- 39322
16  Wales 0000½1½1- 114014½

Final «B»

  • Matches played in semi-finals and not played are italicized.
Place Country 17181920212223242526272829303132 +-=Points
17  Israel -3312233333 112240½
18  Austria -222242 91538½
19  Italy 1-323343 104138
20  Colombia 121-2222333 73532½
21  Norway 32-212 84332
22  Iceland 222-222223 52832
23  Poland 22½22-3322233 53732
24  Canada ½½22-3½ 85231
25  Cuba 1221-2 66331
26  Denmark 121-23 67231
27   Switzerland 12131-2223 47429
28  France 1012222-22 36627
29  Scotland ½201222-23 37525½
30  Belgium ½½222½2½2½- 37523
31  Portugal 1½11½½112- 212119½
32  Tunisia 1½111½½21- 014117½
  • Tunisia refused to play Israel because of political reasons. The score was set by default.

Final «C»

  • Matches played in semi-finals and not played are italicized.
Place Country 333435363738394041424344454647WD +-=Points
33  Australia -33412434 112139
34  Iran -132232333 92334½
35  Brazil 13-33223232 83332½
36  Mongolia 11-23½334 76131½
37  Ireland 012-142 85130½
38  Chile 3½1-332232 74330
39  Indonesia 2221-23343 55430
40  Greece ½2½12-2233 64427½
41  Mexico 013-22221 55427½
42  Turkey 12½1122-23½ 55427
43  Singapore 01½2222-32 45525
44  Venezuela 2122-2 28424½
45  New Zealand 11111212-3 39222½
46  Ecuador 12011-1 39222
47  Syria 10½201½1- 112116
WD South Africa South Africa ½22133-
  • South Africa were expelled from FIDE with three rounds to go and withdrew from the event. Their scores were set as friendlies.

Final «D»

  • Matches played in semi-finals are italicized.
Place Country 48495051525354555657585960616263 +-=Points
48  Pakistan -23434444 131149½
49  Puerto Rico 2-232323344 110444½
50  Dominican Republic 2-132334443 112243½
51  Luxembourg ½13-323334 113138½
52  Lebanon 2½-22223324 72635
53  Uruguay 11112-222244 64535
54  Panama ½2½½-22333343 84333
55  Monaco ½½½222-223 55529½
56  Malta ½½2½2-134 67229
57  Hong Kong 0½1223-323 57327½
58  Faroe Islands 1112212-2 47427½
59  Malaysia ½11121½1- 410124½
60  Morocco 0½01121222½-4 29421½
61  Jordan 010020111-2 211217½
62  Guernsey 000½00001½2- 212112
63  United States Virgin Islands 001½½½1½½½0- 114012

Final «E»

  • Matches played in semi-finals and not played are italicized.
Place Country 64656667686970717273 +-=Points
64  Rhodesia -432334 80128½
65  Iraq -2322244 41424½
66  Netherlands Antilles 02-12423 42321
67  Japan 113-32 62120
68  Cyprus ½2½-33 53119
69  Trinidad and Tobago 2221-223 22518
70  Algeria 12½2-33 34217
71  Andorra 1002121-33 25213
72  Bahamas 0½2111- 17111
73  British Virgin Islands ½01½11- 090
  • Iraq and Algeria refused to play Rhodesia because of political reasons. The scores were set by default.

Individual medals

References

  1. Although commonly referred to as the men's division, this section is open to both male and female players.
  2. The South African team was expelled from FIDE with three rounds remaining. Their matches were deleted from the overall standings.
  3. Mrs. Karen Fyfe-Reussner and Mrs. Renata Bushnaq were allowed to enter the competition due to lack of a few players from basic squad. Bahamas, who were relegated to final E claimed this violated the rules stating no further alterations are possible after deadline. Apparently no one cared.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.