| 2008–09 season | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Chairman | Roger Munby | ||
| Manager | Glenn Roeder 9 August–14 January Bryan Gunn 16 January–3 May | ||
| Stadium | Carrow Road | ||
| Championship | 22nd (relegated) | ||
| FA Cup | Third round | ||
| League Cup | First round | ||
| Top goalscorer | League: Leroy Lita (7) All: Leroy Lita (7) | ||
| Highest home attendance | 25,487 (vs. Watford, 13 April) | ||
| Lowest home attendance | 23,225 (vs. Preston North End, 8 November) | ||
| Average home league attendance | 24,542 | ||
|
| |||
The 2008–09 season was Norwich City's fourth consecutive year in the Football League Championship. On 3 May 2009, the club was relegated to play League One football for the first time in 49 years after losing 4–2 to Charlton Athletic and finishing in 22nd place. This article shows statistics and lists all matches played by the club during the season.
Club sponsors
From 26 April 2008, it was announced that Flybe would be stepping down as the main club sponsor.[1] On 29 April 2008 it was announced that Aviva would be the new shirt sponsors, having signed a three-year contract. Aviva are the parent company of Norwich Union.[2]
Board changes
On 2 September 2008, Andrew and Sharon Turner announced that they were leaving the football club's board of directors. This left a £2 million hole in Norwich City's budget. On 4 September 2008, Delia Smith and Michael Wynn Jones announced that they would be injecting £2 million, avoiding financial problems for the club.
Board and staff members
Board members
| Position | Staff |
|---|---|
| Chairman |  Roger Munby |
| Joint Majority Shareholder | Delia Smith |
| Joint Majority Shareholder |  Michael Wynn-Jones |
| Director | Michael Foulger |
| Chief Executive | Neil Doncaster |
Last updated: 3 September 2008
Source: Norwich FC
Coaching staff
| Position | Staff |
|---|---|
| Manager |  Bryan Gunn |
| Assistant manager | Ian Butterworth |
| First Team coach | Ian Crook |
| Reserve Team manager |  Vacant |
| Goalkeeping coach | Paul Crichton |
| Head of strength and conditioning | Alan Pearson |
| Strengthening coach | Mark Garfoot |
| Academy manager | Ricky Martin |
| Under 14s coach | Neil Adams |
| Performance analyst | Liam Weeks |
| Physiotherapist | Simon Spencer |
| Head of player recruitment | Vacant |
| Club doctor | Dr Peter Harvey |
| Chief scout | John Deehan |
Last updated: 14 January 2009
Source: Norwich FC
Players
First-team squad
- Squad at end of season[3]
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
|
|
Left club during season
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
|
|
Transfers
In
| # | Pos | Player | From | Fee | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | DF |  Dejan Stefanović | Fulham | Undisclosed | Summer |
| 8 | MF | .svg.png.webp){kind=small} Sammy Clingan | Nottingham Forest | Free | Summer |
| 14 | MF |  Wes Hoolahan | Blackpool | Undisclosed | Summer |
| 17 | MF | David Bell | Luton Town | Undisclosed | Summer |
| 25 | GK | Stuart Nelson | Leyton Orient | Free | Summer |
| 29 | FW | Carl Cort | Unattached | Free | December[4] |
| 27 | FW | Cody McDonald | Dartford | Undisclosed | February 2009[5] |
Out
| # | Pos | Player | To | Fee | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | DF | Jason Shackell | Wolverhampton Wanderers | Undisclosed | Summer |
| 6 | MF | Darren Huckerby | San Jose Earthquakes* | Released | Summer |
| 9 | FW | Dion Dublin | Retired | Summer | |
| 12 | GK | Matthew Gilks | Blackpool | Part of Hoolahan deal | Summer |
| 14 | DF |  Juan Velasco | Panthrakikos* | Released | Summer |
| 23 | FW | Ryan Jarvis | Leyton Orient* | Released | Summer |
| 25 | DF | Rossi Jarvis | Luton Town* | Released | Summer |
| 29 | DF | Matthew Halliday | Wroxham* | Released | Summer |
| 31 | DF | Andrew Cave-Brown | Leyton Orient* | Released | Summer |
| 34 | GK | Steven Arnold | Grays Athletic* | Released | Summer |
| 36 | MF |  Bally Smart | Kerkyra FC* | Released | Summer |
| 37 | DF | Patrick Bexfield | Released | Released | Summer |
| 11 | MF | Luke Chadwick | MK Dons | Free | Winter[6] |
| 17 | MF | David Bell | Coventry City | 500,000 | Winter[7] |
| 16 | MF | Mark Fotheringham | Released | Released | April 9[8] |
| 26 | DF | Robert Eagle | Released | Released | April 9[8] |
* Indicates player joined club after being released by Norwich City
Loans in
| # | Pos | Player | From | When | Until |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | DF | John Kennedy | Celtic | Summer | January 2009 |
| 9 | MF |  Antoine Sibierski | Wigan Athletic | Summer | January 2009 |
| 15 | DF | Jonathan Grounds | Middlesbrough | Summer | December 2008 |
| 18 | FW |  Arturo Lupoli | ACF Fiorentina | Summer | January 2009 |
| 21 | DF | Ryan Bertrand | Chelsea | Summer | Season |
| 22 | DF | Elliot Omozusi | Fulham | Summer | January 2009 |
| 23 | FW |  Omar Koroma | Portsmouth | Summer | January 2009 |
| 27 | DF | Troy Archibald-Henville | Tottenham Hotspur | Summer | December 2008 |
| 44 | FW | Leroy Lita | Reading | October 2008 | December 2008 |
| 15 | DF | Jonathan Grounds | Middlesbrough | January 2009 | March 2009 |
| 11 | MF | .svg.png.webp){kind=small} David Carney | Sheffield United | January 2009 | May 2009 |
| 9 | FW |  Chris Killen | Celtic | January 2009 | May 2009 |
| 17 | FW | Alan Gow | Rangers | January 2009 | May 2009 |
| 22 | DF | Adrian Leijer | Fulham | January 2009 | May 2009 |
| 18 | FW | David Mooney | Reading | January 2009 | April 2009 |
Loans out
| # | Pos | Player | To | Until | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | FW | Jamie Cureton | Barnsley | February 2009 | November 2008 |
| 11 | MF | Luke Chadwick | MK Dons | January 2009 | October 2008 |
| 28 | MF | Michael Spillane | Luton Town | Season | Summer |
| 35 | FW | Chris Martin | Luton Town | Season | Summer |
Results by round
Updated to match(es) played on 27 April. Source: Matches
A = Away; H = Home; W = Win; D = Draw; L = Loss
A = Away; H = Home; W = Win; D = Draw; L = Loss
Competitions
Win Draw Loss
Pre-season
| 16 July 2008 | Gorleston | 1–8 | Norwich City | Gorleston, Norfolk |
Thompson  14' |
(Report) | Todd 1' (o.g.) Martin 3' 45'Pattison 32'Daley 38'Richardson 51'Russell 53'Hoolahan 77' |
Stadium: Emerald Park Attendance: 1,300 Referee: Unknown |
| 19 July 2008 | Ahlafors IF  | 1–2 | Norwich City | Nödinge-Nol, Sweden |
| Emback 13' |
(Report) | Makiese 11' Cureton 90' |
Stadium: Sjövallen Stadium Attendance: 0 Referee: Unknown |
| 22 July 2008 | Falkenbergs FF | 0–3 | Norwich City | Falkenberg, Sweden |
| (Report) | Russell 4' Croft 42'Cureton 55' |
Stadium: Falkenbergs IP Attendance: 0 Referee: Unknown |
| Date | Opponents | H/A | Result F–A |
Scorers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25 July 2008 | Dereham Town | A | 1–2 | Martin 8' |
| 28 July 2008 | Tottenham Hotspur | H | 1–5 | Cureton 16' |
| 29 July 2008 | King's Lynn | A | 2–2 | Daley 9' Renton 37' |
| 2 August 2008 | Colchester United | H | 2–2 | Russell 60', 63' |
League
August
| 9 August 2008 | Coventry City | 2–0 | Norwich City | Coventry, West Midlands |
| 15:00 BST | Ward 48' (pen.) McKenzie 86' |
(Report) | Stadium: Ricoh Arena Attendance: 22,607 Referee: Colin Webster |
| 16 August 2008 | Norwich City | 1–1 | Blackpool | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 15:00 BST | Russell 74' |
(Report) | Burgess 55' (pen.) |
Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 23,727 Referee: Kevin Friend |
| 23 August 2008 | Cardiff City | 2–2 | Norwich City | Cardiff, Wales |
| 15:00 BST | McCormack 3' 67' (pen.) |
(Report) | Lupoli 77' 81' |
Stadium: Ninian Park Attendance: 18,032 Referee: Anthony Taylor |
| 30 August 2008 | Norwich City | 1–1 | Birmingham City | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 15:00 BST | Russell 46' |
(Report) | Larsson 40' |
Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 24,229 Referee: Jon Moss |
September
| 13 September 2008 | Plymouth Argyle | 1–2 | Norwich City | Plymouth, Devon |
| 15:00 BST | Gallagher 90' Timár  29'  34' |
(Report) | Lupoli 15' Sibierski 59' |
Stadium: Home Park Attendance: 11,185 Referee: Andy Woolmer |
| 17 September 2008 | Norwich City | 0–1 | Queens Park Rangers | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 19:45 BST | (Report) | Connolly 11' 25' Rowlands 33' |
Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 24,249 Referee: Rob Shoebridge |
| 20 September 2008 | Norwich City | 1–0 | Sheffield United | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 15:00 BST | Croft 90' |
(Report) | Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 24,175 Referee: Phil Crossley |
| 27 September 2008 | Barnsley | 0–0 | Norwich City | Barnsley, South Yorkshire |
| 15:00 BST | (Report) | Stadium: Oakwell Attendance: 12,324 Referee: Nigel Miller |
| 30 September 2008 | Southampton | 2–0 | Norwich City | Southampton, Hampshire |
| 19:45 BST | Robertson 29' McGoldrick 64' (pen.) |
(Report) | Stefanović  63' |
Stadium: St Mary's Stadium Attendance: 14,480 Referee: Richard Beeby |
October
| 4 October 2008 | Norwich City | 1–2 | Derby County | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 15:00 BST | Clingan 51' (pen.) |
(Report) | Hulse 26' Carroll 50'Ellington 85' |
Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 24,771 Referee: Darren Deadman |
| 18 October 2008 | Bristol City | 1–0 | Norwich City | Bristol |
| 15:00 BST | McCombe 75' |
(Report) | Stadium: Ashton Gate Attendance: 16,791 Referee: Andy Hall |
| 21 October 2008 | Norwich City | 5–2 | Wolverhampton Wanderers | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 19:45 BST | Ikeme 28' (o.g.) Lita 39', 58', 70'Croft 75' |
(Report) | Collins 41' Ebanks-Blake 67' (pen.)Stearman 27' 69' |
Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 24,351 Referee: Graham Horwood |
| 25 October 2008 | Norwich City | 2–1 | Doncaster Rovers | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 15:00 BST | Sibierski 83' Lita 90' |
(Report) | Stock 77' (pen.) |
Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 24,543 Referee: Clive Penton |
| 28 October 2008 | Derby County | 3–1 | Norwich City | Derby, Derbyshire |
| 19:45 BST | Green 15' Hulse 29'Kaźmierczak 80' |
(Report) | Kennedy 64' |
Stadium: Pride Park Attendance: 26,621 Referee: Neil Swarbrick |
November
| 1 November 2008 | Burnley | 2–0 | Norwich City | Burnley, Lancashire |
| 15:00 GMT | Eagles 55', 60' |
(Report) | Stadium: Turf Moor Attendance: 11,353 Referee: Graham Laws |
| 8 November 2008 | Norwich City | 2–2 | Preston North End | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 15:00 GMT | Lita 14' Kennedy 62'Russell 80' |
(Report) | Brown 2' Mellor 81' |
Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 23,225 Referee: Paul Taylor |
| 15 November 2008 | Norwich City | 2–3 | Swansea City | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 15:00 GMT | Lupoli 28' Rangel 61' (o.g.) |
(Report) | Scotland 43' Pratley 47'Bodde 48' |
Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 24,262 Referee: Grant Hegley |
| 22 November 2008 | Nottingham Forest | 1–2 | Norwich City | Nottingham, Nottinghamshire |
| 17:20 GMT | Anderson 38' |
(Report) | Doherty 20' Pattison 23'Cohen 73' (o.g.) |
Stadium: City Ground Attendance: 18,566 Referee: Michael Oliver |
| 25 November 2008 | Norwich City | 1–2 | Crystal Palace | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 19:45 GMT | Pattison 61' |
(Report) | Beattie 27' Oster 40' |
Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 24,034 Referee: Dean Whitestone |
| 29 November 2008 | Sheffield Wednesday | 3–2 | Norwich City | Sheffield, South Yorkshire |
| 15:00 GMT | McMahon 51' Clarke 55'Tudgay 72' |
(Report) | Clingan 43' (pen.) Lita 62'Kennedy 81' |
Stadium: Hillsborough Attendance: 18,883 Referee: Anthony Bates |
December
| 7 December 2008 | Norwich City | 2–0 | Ipswich Town | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 13:15 GMT | Croft 60' Pattison 82' |
(Report) | Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 25,472 Referee: Lee Probert |
| 10 December 2008 | Watford | 2–1 | Norwich City | Watford, Hertfordshire |
| 19:45 GMT | Priskin 16' Smith 64' |
(Report) | Croft 61' |
Stadium: Vicarage Road Attendance: 13,268 Referee: Phil Crossley |
| 13 December 2008 | Reading | 2–0 | Norwich City | Reading, Berkshire |
| 15:00 GMT | S. Hunt 84' Long 86' |
(Report) | Stadium: Madejski Stadium Attendance: 19,382 Referee: Trevor Kettle |
| 20 December 2008 | Norwich City | 1–0 | Charlton Athletic | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 15:00 GMT | Lita 60' |
(Report) | Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 23,827 Referee: Mark Haywood |
| 26 December 2008 | Crystal Palace | 3–1 | Norwich City | Selhurst, London |
| 13:00 GMT | Fonte 6' 31' Butterfield 90' |
(Report) | Doherty 18' |
Stadium: Selhurst Park Attendance: 17,180 Referee: Keith Stroud |
| 28 December 2008 | Norwich City | 2–3 | Nottingham Forest | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 15:00 GMT | Breckin 73' (o.g.) Garner 90' (o.g.) |
(Report) | Thornhill 17' McGugan 30'Earnshaw 89' |
Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 25,475 Referee: Jon Moss |
January
| 10 January 2009 | Sheffield United | 1–0 | Norwich City | Sheffield, South Yorkshire |
| 15:00 GMT | Henderson 17' |
(Report) | Stadium: Bramall Lane Attendance: 27,267 Referee: Mark Halsey |
| 17 January 2009 | Norwich City | 4–0 | Barnsley | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 15:00 GMT | Hoolahan 55' Cureton 74'Clingan 88' (pen.)Russell 90' |
(Report) | Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 24,685 Referee: Simon Hooper |
| 27 January 2009 | Norwich City | 2–2 | Southampton | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 19:45 GMT | Fotheringham 40' Hoolahan 42' |
(Report) | McLaggon 57' Saganowski 78' |
Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 25,271 Referee: Lee Mason |
| 30 January 2009 | Doncaster Rovers | 1–1 | Norwich City | Doncaster, South Yorkshire |
| 19:45 GMT | Heffernan 23' |
(Report) | Grounds 61' |
Stadium: Keepmoat Stadium Attendance: 12,384 Referee: Michael Oliver |
February
| 3 February 2009 | Wolverhampton Wanderers | 3–3 | Norwich City | Wolverhampton, West Midlands |
| 19:45 GMT | Ebanks-Blake 25', 54', 56' |
(Report) | Croft 32' Cort 47'Doherty 65' |
Stadium: Molineux Attendance: 21,654 Referee: Andy Woolmer |
| 7 February 2009 | Norwich City | 1–2 | Bristol City | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 15:00 GMT | Grounds 24' Doherty 44' |
(Report) | Skuse 14' Orr 45' (pen.) |
Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 24,691 Referee: Andy D'Urso |
| 14 February 2009 | Preston North End | 1–0 | Norwich City | Preston, Lancashire |
| 15:00 GMT | Parkin 41' |
(Report) | Stadium: Deepdale Attendance: 12,033 Referee: Rob Shoebridge |
| 21 February 2009 | Norwich City | 1–1 | Burnley | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 15:00 GMT | Cureton 20' |
(Report) | Thompson 36' |
Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 24,363 Referee: Kevin Friend |
| 28 February 2009 | Norwich City | 1–2 | Coventry City | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 15:00 GMT | Grounds 53' |
(Report) | Henderson 19' Fox 73' |
Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 24,450 Referee: Paul Taylor |
March
| 3 March 2009 | Queens Park Rangers | 0–1 | Norwich City | Shepherd's Bush, London |
| 20:00 GMT | (Report) | Russell 68' |
Stadium: Loftus Road Attendance: 13,533 Referee: Graham Scott |
| 7 March 2009 | Blackpool | 2–0 | Norwich City | Blackpool, Lancashire |
| 15:00 GMT | Ormerod 55' Adam 74' |
(Report) | Stadium: Bloomfield Road Attendance: 7,505 Referee: Clive Oliver |
| 10 March 2009 | Norwich City | 2–0 | Cardiff City | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 19:45 GMT | Mooney 49' McDonald 90' |
(Report) | Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 23,706 Referee: Trevor Kettle |
| 14 March 2009 | Norwich City | 1–0 | Plymouth Argyle | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 15:00 GMT | Mooney 53' |
(Report) | Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 25,064 Referee: Fred Graham |
| 21 March 2009 | Birmingham City | 1–1 | Norwich City | Birmingham, West Midlands |
| 15:00 GMT | Jerome 38' |
(Report) | Clingan 53' |
Stadium: St Andrew's Attendance: 18,159 Referee: Mark Haywood |
April
| 4 April 2009 | Norwich City | 0–1 | Sheffield Wednesday | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 15:00 BST | (Report) | Johnson 48' Spurr 87' 89' |
Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 25,385 Referee: Mick Russell |
| 11 April 2009 | Swansea City | 2–1 | Norwich City | Swansea, Wales |
| 15:00 BST | Scotland 29', 50' (pen.) |
(Report) | Lee 33' |
Stadium: Liberty Stadium Attendance: 15,783 Referee: Graham Salisbury |
| 13 April 2009 | Norwich City | 2–0 | Watford | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 15:00 BST | Rose 15' (o.g.) Doherty 85' |
(Report) | Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 25,487 Referee: Steve Tanner |
| 19 April 2009 | Ipswich Town | 3–2 | Norwich City | Ipswich, Suffolk |
| 12:45 BST | Quinn 24' Giovani 62' (pen.)Stead 90' |
(Report) | Mooney 16' Clingan 90' (pen.) |
Stadium: Portman Road Attendance: 28,274 Referee: Neil Swarbrick |
| 27 April 2009 | Norwich City | 0–2 | Reading | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 19:45 BST | (Report) | Long 68' 78' |
Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 25,041 Referee: Clive Oliver |
May
| 3 May 2009 | Charlton Athletic | 4–2 | Norwich City | Charlton, London |
| 13:15 BST | Bailey 9' Burton 25', 30', 51' |
(Report) | Lee 45' Clingan 61' |
Stadium: The Valley Attendance: 22,020 Referee: Russell Booth |
FA Cup
| Round | 3 | 3(R) |
|---|---|---|
| Result | 1–1 | 0–1 |
| 3 January 2009 Round 3 | Charlton Athletic | 1–1 | Norwich City | Charlton, London |
| 15:00 GMT | Shelvey 20' |
(Report) | Lupoli 71' |
Stadium: The Valley Attendance: 12,615 Referee: Steve Tanner |
| 13 January 2009 Round 3 (Replay) | Norwich City | 0–1 | Charlton Athletic | Norwich, Norfolk |
| 19:45 GMT | (Report) | Ambrose 6' |
Stadium: Carrow Road Attendance: 13,997 Referee: Clive Oliver |
League Cup
| Round | 1 |
|---|---|
| Result | 0–1 |
| 12 August 2008 Round 1 | Milton Keynes Dons | 1–0 | Norwich City | Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire |
| 19:45 BST | Baldock 34' |
(Report) | Stadium: Stadium:mk Attendance: 6,261 Referee: Mike Thorpe |
League table
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion, qualification or relegation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | Barnsley | 46 | 13 | 13 | 20 | 45 | 58 | −13 | 52 | |
| 21 | Plymouth Argyle | 46 | 13 | 12 | 21 | 44 | 57 | −13 | 51 | |
| 22 | Norwich City (R) | 46 | 12 | 10 | 24 | 57 | 70 | −13 | 46 | Relegation to Football League One |
| 23 | Southampton (R) | 46 | 10 | 15 | 21 | 46 | 69 | −23 | 45[lower-alpha 1] | |
| 24 | Charlton Athletic (R) | 46 | 8 | 15 | 23 | 52 | 74 | −22 | 39 |
Updated to match(es) played on 3 May 2009. Source: The Football League
Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) number of goals scored.
(R) Relegated
Notes:
Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) number of goals scored.
(R) Relegated
Notes:
Notes
- ↑ Cort was born in Southwark, England, and represented them at U-21 level, but also qualified to represent Guyana internationally and would make his international debut for Guyana in 2011.
- ↑ Bell was born in Wellingborough, England, but also qualified to represent the Republic of Ireland internationally and represented them at U-21 and B level.
- ↑ Lita was born in Kinshasa, Zaire (now Democratic Republic of the Congo), but also qualified to represent England internationally and represented them at U-21 level.
References
- ↑ "Flybe Step Down As Main Sponsor". Norwich City FC. Archived from the original on 28 April 2008. Retrieved 28 April 2008.
- ↑ "Aviva To Sponsor City". Norwich City FC. Archived from the original on 2 May 2008. Retrieved 7 May 2008.
- ↑ "First Team Profiles". Norwich City F.C. Archived from the original on 23 May 2007. Retrieved 13 October 2007.
- ↑ "Cort Joins Canaries". Norwich City FC. Archived from the original on 11 December 2008. Retrieved 9 December 2008.
- ↑ "City Swoop For Mcdonald". Norwich City FC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2009. Retrieved 2 February 2009.
- ↑ "Winger Chadwick makes Dons switch". BBC Sport. Retrieved 2 January 2008.
- ↑ "Norwich's Bell in Coventry switch". BBC Sport. Retrieved 30 January 2008.
- 1 2 "Canaries release midfield duo". Sky Sports. Retrieved 29 April 2009.
- ↑ "Southampton Football Club". The Football League. 23 April 2009. Archived from the original on 26 April 2009. Retrieved 23 April 2009.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.