6th Indian Cavalry Brigade
14th (King's) Hussars resting at the roadside after the third action of Jebel Hamrin, December 1917
Active10 March 1915 – March 1919
Country British India
AllegianceBritish Crown
Branch British Indian Army
TypeCavalry
SizeBrigade
Part of6th (Poona) Division
Cavalry Division (Mesopotamia)
EngagementsFirst World War
Mesopotamian Campaign
Battle of Shaiba
Battle of Ctesiphon (1915)
Battle of Sheikh Sa'ad
Battle of Wadi (1916)
Battle of Hanna
Battle of Dujaila
Second Battle of Kut
Battles of Ramadi (1917)

The 6th Indian Cavalry Brigade was a cavalry brigade of the British Indian Army that saw active service in the Indian Army during the First World War. It took part in the Mesopotamian campaign and was broken up soon after the end of the war.

History

On 21 February 1915, orders were sent from India to form a cavalry brigade in Mesopotamia. As a result, the 6th Indian Cavalry Brigade was formed with the 33rd Queen Victoria's Own Light Cavalry which had arrived in Mesopotamia in November 1914 with 6th (Poona) Division, 16th Cavalry and S Battery, Royal Horse Artillery which arrived earlier in the month, and 7th Hariana Lancers which departed India on 28 February to complete the brigade.[1] It served in the campaign in Mesopotamia for the rest of the First World War.[2]

Initially acting in an independent role, the brigade took part in the Battle of Shaiba (12–14 April 1915) where Major George Wheeler of the 7th Hariana Lancers won the Victoria Cross,[3] and Operations in Persian Arabistan (21 April–18 June) including the Affair of Khafajiya (14–16 May). It then took part in the Battle of Es Sinn (28 September) that resulted in the capture of Kut al Amara.[4] From 6 October, the brigade was placed under the command of the 6th (Poona) Division and with it took part in the advance on Baghdad including the Battle of Ctesiphon (22–24 November) and the subsequent withdrawal (the Affair of Umm at Tabul on 1 December) back to Kut. It left the division there on 6 December before it got besieged.[5]

From the start of 1916, the brigade was involved in efforts to raise the siege, including the Action of Sheikh Sa'ad (6–8 January), the Action of the Wadi (13 January), the First Attack on Hanna (21 January) and the Attack on the Dujaila Redoubt (8 March).[4] These were in vain and the division surrendered on 29 April.[6]

Situation at Kut on 22 February 1917

On 8 December 1916, The Cavalry Division was organized from the 6th and 7th Indian Cavalry Brigades, the latter having arrived from the Western Front in August. With the division, it took part in the Second Battle of Kut including the Advance to the Hai and Capture of the Khudaira Bend (14 December 1916 – 19 January 1917), the Capture of the Hai Salient (25 January–5 February 1917), the Capture of the Dahra Bend (9–16 February).[4]

It then took part in the pursuit to Baghdad and a number of actions later in 1917, notably the Second Battle of Ramadi (28–29 September).[4] The Cavalry Division was dissolved on 8 April 1918, and the brigade continued to serve as an independent formation. It took part in the Affair of Kulawand (27 April), the action of Tuz Khurmatli (29 April) and, finally, the occupation of Kirkuk (7 May).[7]

After the Armistice of Mudros, the brigade was not selected to form part of the occupation forces for Mesopotamia. In February and March 1919, the last of the units sailed for India and the brigade was no more.[7]

Order of battle

The brigade commanded the following units during the First World War:[8]

Cavalry regiments
Support units

Commanders

The brigade had the following commanders:[14]

FromRankNameNotes
10 March 1915Brigadier-GeneralH. Kennedy
28 October 1915Brigadier-GeneralH.L. Robertssick, 17 January 1916
15 February 1916Brigadier-GeneralR.C. Stephensick, 18 May 1916
28 May 1916Brigadier-GeneralM.E. Willoughby
11 July 1916Brigadier-GeneralS.F. Crocker
10 February 1917Brigadier-GeneralP. Holland-Pryorbrigade broken up by March 1918

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ The 1st Patiala Lancers (I.S.) served in Egypt from November 1914 to May 1916 with the Imperial Service Cavalry Brigade.
  2. ↑ The 131st Indian Cavalry and 18th Cavalry Field Ambulances joined in December 1915. They were reorganized as the 131st and 18th Combined Cavalry Field Ambulances in September 1916. The 18th departed before January 1917.[13]

References

  1. ↑ Perry 1993, p. 31
  2. ↑ Perry 1993, pp. 32–33
  3. ↑ "No. 29281". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 August 1916. p. 8699.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Perry 1993, p. 32
  5. ↑ Perry 1993, p. 75
  6. ↑ Perry 1993, p. 76
  7. 1 2 Perry 1993, p. 33
  8. ↑ Perry 1993, p. 30
  9. ↑ Perry 1993, p. 102
  10. ↑ Perry 1993, p. 56
  11. ↑ Perry 1993, p. 94
  12. ↑ Perry 1993, p. 108
  13. ↑ Perry 1993, pp. 30–31
  14. ↑ Perry 1993, p. 29

Bibliography

  • Griffith, Paddy (1998). British Fighting Methods in the Great War. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-71463495-1.
  • Perry, F.W. (1993). Order of Battle of Divisions Part 5B. Indian Army Divisions. Newport: Ray Westlake Military Books. ISBN 1-871167-23-X.
  • Rinaldi, Richard A (2008). Order of Battle of the British Army 1914. Ravi Rikhye. ISBN 978-0-97760728-0.
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