Andreas Aurifaber (born Goldschmidt, 1514 – 12 December 1559) was a German physician of some repute, but through his influence with Albert of Brandenburg, last grand-master of the Teutonic Knights, and first Protestant duke of Prussia, became an outstanding figure in the controversy associated with Andreas Osiander whose daughter he had married.[1]
Early life and education
Andreas Aurifaber was born in Breslau (Wrocław); Johannes Aurifaber of Breslau was his younger brother.[2] He studied at the University of Wittenberg in 1527, and there became a friend of Philip Melanchthon. In 1529 he became rector of the Latin school at Danzig (Gdańsk), and two years later accepted a similar post at Elbing (Elbląg).[3] The bounty of Duke Albert of Prussia enabled him to pursue the study of medicine at Wittenberg and in Italy.[3]
Career
After 1545 Aurifaber was physician to the Duke and professor of physics and medicine in the newly established University of Königsberg. There he wrote a number of treatises on physics and physiology.[3]
In 1550 he married a daughter of Osiander, and became involved in the bitter controversy aroused by the latter's views on justification and grace. After Osiander's death in 1552, Aurifaber, who in the preceding year had been made rector of the university, became the leader of the Osiandrian faction and made use of his office and his influence over the duke to crush the rival faction in Prussia, driving its adherents from the university in 1554. He went on to travel extensively throughout Germany, aroused the hatred of the conservatives, who assailed him with extreme virulence. Aurifaber, however, retained his influence until his death, which occurred suddenly, in the antechamber of the Duke in Königsberg, on December 12, 1559.[3]
See also
References
Works cited
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 925.
- Kawerau, G. (1908). "Aurifaber, (Goldschmid), Andreas". New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge. Vol. I. Funk and Wagnalls. Retrieved 2023-01-12.
- Kawerau, G. (1908b). "Aurifaber, Johannes, of Breslau". New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge. Vol. I. Funk and Wagnalls. Retrieved 2023-01-12.
Attribution
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Aurifaber s.v. Andreas". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 925.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Jackson, Samuel Macauley, ed. (1914). "Aurifaber, (Goldschmid), Andreas". New Schaff–Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge (third ed.). London and New York: Funk and Wagnalls.
Further reading
- Anselmino, Thomas (2003). Medizin und Pharmazie am Hof Albrechts von Preußen (in German). pp. 41–46, 103–106.
- Dingel, Irene. Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche Bd. 1 (in German). p. 1256.
- Ersch, Johann Samuel; Gruber, Johann Gottfried. Allgemeine Encyclopädie der Wissenschaften und Künste (in German).
- Hammann, Gustav (1953), "Aurifaber, Andreas", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 1, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 456–456
- Hirsch, August (1875), "Aurifaber, Andreas", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 1, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 690–691
- Scheible, Heinz. Melanchthons Briefwechsel Personen (in German). p. 11.
- Scheible, Heinz. Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart. Vol. 1. p. 975.
- Kremer, Richard L. (2010). "Calculating with Andreas Aurifaber: A new Source for Copernican Astronomy in 1540". Journal for the History of Astronomy. 41 (4/1010): 483–502. Bibcode:2010JHA....41..483K. doi:10.1177/002182861004100404. S2CID 119535232.
- Wagenmann, Gustav Kawerau (1897). "Aurifaber, Andreas". Realenzyklopädie für protestantische Theologie und Kirche (in German). Vol. 2 (3rd ed.). pp. 287–288.