Australian National Line
IndustryMaritime transport
Founded1 October 1956
Headquarters
Melbourne
,
Australia
ParentCMA CGM
Websitewww.anl.com.au

Australian National Line (ANL) was a coastal shipping line established by the Government of Australia in 1956. It was sold in 1998 by the Howard government to CMA CGM.

History

In 1957 the Australian Coastal Shipping Commission took over all 13 of the "A"-class cargo steamships that had been built for the Australian Government in the 1940s. This is River Loddon, which remained in the fleet until 1963.

Australian National Line was formed on 1 October 1956 as the Australian Coastal Shipping Commission with the passing of the Australian Coastal Shipping Commission Act.[1] The organisation took about forty ships previously operated by the Australian Shipping Board, which had been formed in 1946 by the Australian Federal Government.[2]

In March 1969, ANL commenced operating services to Japan in a joint venture with K Line.[3][4][5]

In 1974, the Australian Coastal Shipping Commission was renamed the Australian Shipping Commission in recognition of its international role, it continued to trade as ANL.[6][7] In 1989 Australian National Line was established as a wholly owned government company.[8] In 1998 the French company CMA CGM bought the naming rights of ANL Limited from the Australian Federal Government.[9]

The Australian National Line was an early member of the Australian Shipping and Defence Council (now the Australian Maritime Defence Council) which was established by the Government of Australia in 1982.

Services

Historical

The company entered the ferry business in 1959, when Tasmanian Steamers announced that it would be withdrawing from the Bass Strait. Its ship the Taroona was becoming totally inadequate, only being able to carry 30 cars, which had to be lifted aboard. As no replacement was available, the Federal Government decided that the Australian National Line should take over, and it would be provided with a subsidy with an order placed with the State Dockyard, Newcastle. The new ship was named Princess of Tasmania, was the first roll on/roll off ferry in the southern hemisphere and the largest. She entered the Melbourne — Devonport route on 23 September 1959. The new ship and route were such a success for the ANL ordered a cargo only ship, to be named Bass Trader .

With the passenger numbers going so well on the Princess of Tasmania and cargo going very well also, ANL decided that a regular passenger service from Sydney to Hobart should be re-established. An order was placed with Cockatoo Docks & Engineering Company. The new ship was christened Empress of Australia on 18 January 1964. Empress of Australia made her maiden voyage from Sydney to Hobart on 16 January 1965. The Empress of Australia operated from Sydney to Hobart and Sydney to Bell Bay/Burnie and back .

With the Princess of Tasmania going so well out of Melbourne, there needed to be more capacity on the route, so ANL ordered a new ship to be built at the State Dockyard. The new ship would be bigger, with smaller passenger capacity but more cargo space, an early example of the Ro/Pax concept. The new ship was launched on 17 February 1969 as the Australian Trader. On 24 June 1969, Australian Trader set out on her maiden voyage to Devonport. The new ship operated a rotation between Bell Bay, Devonport and Burnie .

On 27 June 1972 Princess of Tasmania left Devonport for the final time. ANL sold her to Bahamarine, Nassau and she left Australia on 7 October 1972. When the Princess of Tasmania left the route the Australian Trader swapped with her, and Empress of Australia replaced the Princess of Tasmania on the Melbourne — Devonport trade.

ANL were involved in the 1975 Tasman Bridge disaster in Hobart, Tasmania, as the owner/operator of the Lake Illawarra, the bulk carrier which collided with the bridge, and consequently sank.

ANL announced that Australian Trader would be withdrawn from service, being replaced by a new freight only ship named Bass Trader.

On the final arrival of the Australian Trader in Bell Bay the crew went on strike. The ship remained idle there for two months. Finally on 24 September 1976 they gave up and she sailed to Sydney, laid-up and was offered for sale. The sale was completed on 16 January 1977 to the Royal Australian Navy as a training ship.

In 1983 the Tasmanian government were seeking from the Federal Government funds to charter a supplementary ship, being either Scotia Prince, St Patrick II, Stena Baltica or Odysseus Elytis. This was rejected.

In 1984 ANL announced that it would not be continuing in the ferry business, and the Empress of Australia would be withdrawn in 1985 and sold. This was then put into the hands of the Tasmanian Government which subsequently formed the TT-Line with the Federal Government agreeing to buy a ship.

The ceasing of the ANL's involvement in the passenger trade allowed it to concentrate solely on bulk freight and cargo. In December 1998, CMA CGM bought ANL's container shipping business and trading name from the Federal Government.[10]

Commercially, ANL still operates the more traditional north–south directional trades, plus nearly 20 relatively new east–west directional trades riding on the services of its parent — CMA CGM.

Fleet summary

This is a list of ships owned or operated by ANL between its formation in 1956 and privatisation in 1998.

NameTypeEntered ANL serviceLeft ANL serviceDispositionFate
BaralgaGeneral cargoFebruary 19571972Sold to NilmoreScrapped 1980
BilkurraGeneral cargoFebruary 19571969Sold to Malaysian International ShippingScrapped 1974
BinburraGeneral cargoFebruary 19571969Sold to Malaysian International ShippingScrapped 1974
BoonarooGeneral cargoMarch 1957January 1971Sold to Collin Navigation CoScrapped 1985
BulwarraGeneral cargoMarch 1958January 1971Sold to Collin Navigation CoRan aground off Keelung and broke apart on 22 October 1971, total loss
DalbyGeneral cargoJanuary 1958October 1969Sold to Cronulla Cia NavRan aground off Keelung on 14 November 1971, abandoned as total loss
DandenongGeneral cargo19571960Sold to Jones Brothers CoalScrapped 1971
DaylesfordGeneral cargo19571960Sold to Fung Shing Navigation CoScrapped 1972
DelungraGeneral cargoNovember 1957April 1960Sold to H & S CreditsScrapped 1974
DenmanGeneral cargoMarch 19571965Sold to Eddie Steamships (Philippines)Scrapped 1970
DubboGeneral cargoMarch 1957May 1965Sold to Australia Pacific Co (Hong Kong)Scrapped 1969
EdenhopeGeneral cargoFebruary 1957October 1965Sold to Bougainville Trading CoScrapped 1979
ElmoreGeneral cargoFebruary 1957January 1965Sold to John BurkeScrapped 1987
EnfieldGeneral cargoFebruary 1957January 1965Sold to Legaspi Oil CoDeregistered 2008 in Manila, Philippines. Still afloat.
EugowraGeneral cargoFebruary 1957June 1969Sold to Pacific Islands Shipping CoScrapped 1974
EuroaGeneral cargoFebruary 1957March 1969Sold to Keith Hollands Shipping CoScrapped 1980
InyulaBulk carrierFebruary 1957September 1975Sold to Octamaris Maritime CorporationSank in the Black Sea December 1977 in bad weather
Lake BarrineBulk carrierFebruary 1957October 1975Sold to DrillshipsScrapped 1982
Lake EyreBulk carrierFebruary 1957February 1973Sold to Century Shipping Lines (Hong Kong)Scrapped 1975
NilpinaGeneral cargoFebruary 1957June 1971Sold to Simanggang Sawmill CoSank off Little Andaman Island on 22 June 1985.
NoongahGeneral cargoFebruary 195725 August 1969-Sank off Smoky Cape in heavy seas with the loss of 21 crew
RansdorpTankerMarch 1957May 1958Sold to Dent & GrahamSank in the Tasman Sea on 18 March 1961
River BurdekinGeneral cargoMarch 19571959Sold to Indonesian governmentScrapped 1971
River BurnettGeneral cargoMarch 1957April 1965Sold to Australine Shipping CoScrapped 1973
River ClarenceGeneral cargoMarch 19571960Sold to World-Wide SS CoScrapped 1968
River DerwentGeneral cargoJanuary 1957April 1959Interstate SteamshipsRan aground during Typhoon Wanda, refloated and scrapped 1962
River FitzroyGeneral cargoMarch 1957March 1963Sold to Amakasu Sangyo Kisen K KScrapped March 1963
River GlenelgGeneral cargoMarch 1957October 1960Sold to Hang Fung Shipping & Trading CoScrapped January 1963
River HunterGeneral cargoFebruary 1957July 1959Sold to Albert SimsScrapped 1960
River LoddonGeneral cargoMarch 1957March 1963Sold to Amakasu Sangyo Kisen K KScrapped March 1963
River MittaGeneral cargoMarch 1957July 1959Sold to Hang Fung Shipping & Trading CoScrapped 1959
River MurchisonGeneral cargoFebruary 1957February 1963Sold to Amakasu Sangyo Kisen K KScrapped March 1963
River MurrayGeneral cargoMarch 1957August 1959Sold to Albert SimsScrapped 1959
River MurrumbidgeeGeneral cargoMarch 1957January 1963Sold to Amakasu Sangyo Kisen K KScrapped March 1963
River NormanGeneral cargoFebruary 19571959Sold to Wallem & CoRan aground during Typhoon Wanda, refloated and scrapped 1962
TalingaBulk carrierFebruary 1957July 1970Sold to Elios Compania NavigationRan aground during Typhoon Rose, refloated and scrapped 1972
TimbarraBulk carrierFebruary 1957January 1969Sold to Montauk MaritimeScrapped 1973
TyallaBulk carrierMarch 1957May 1957Sold to Cambray Prince Steamship CoFormerly repair ship HMS Dullisk Cove. Scrapped 1962
WangaraGeneral cargoMarch 1957October 1966Sold to Western Australian Coastal Shipping CommissionComveryed to a barge 1983
WindarraGeneral cargoApril 1957October 1970Sold to Collin Navigation CoScrapped 1980
YanderraBulk carrierFebruary 1957November 1970Sold to Collin Navigation CoScrapped 1976
YarrungaBulk carrierFebruary 1957December 1971Sold to Corona Navigation CoSank in the Persian Gulf 4 May 1975 after cargo caught fire
IrandaBulk carrier1957August 1977Sold to JollyboatScrapped 1982
North EskGeneral cargo1957June 1979Sold to West Pacific ShippingScrapped 1984
Lake BogaBulk carrier195729 March 1978Sold to International Activity Shipping & Investment CoScrapped 1984
Lake BogaBulk carrier1957January 1978Sold to Tien Tai Shipping CoScrapped May 1978
IllowraBulk carrier1957June 1970Sold to Athenmar Shipping CoScrapped 1982
Lake IllawarraBulk carrier19585 January 1975-Sank after colliding with the Tasman Bridge
Lake ColacGeneral cargo19581978Sold to Maliac Shipping CorporationScrapped 1979
Lake MacquarieBulk carrier1958January 1979Sold to Project and ServicesScrapped 1982
South EskGeneral cargo1959December 1972Sold to Eastern Shipping LinesSank in the South China Sea on 16 February 1980
Lake MacquarieBulk carrier1959June 1979Sold to Bluewater Bay MaritimeScrapped 1981
Princess of TasmaniaPassenger and roll-on/roll-offSeptember 1959[11]December 1972Sold to BahamarineScrapped 2005
Mount KeiraOre carrier1960June 1976Sold to Agile Shipping CoScrapped 1983
Mount KemblaOre carrier1960June 1973Sold to DrillshipsScrapped 1988
Bass Trader (1st)Roll-on/roll-off1961[12]April 1975Sold to Halley Enterprise Shipping Co, Panama as Halley[12]Scrapped 1984
MerinoGeneral cargoOctober 1963December 1964Sold to Carpentaria HoldingsScuttled in the Arafura Sea on 17 December 1986
JeparitGeneral and bulk cargo1964September 1979Sold to Massis Charity Shipping CoScrapped 1993
Musgrave RangeOre carrierNovember 1964June 1977Sold to Zea Shipping CoScrapped 1983
Empress of AustraliaPassenger and roll-on/roll-offJanuary 1965[13]1985Sold to Sun Cruises MaritimeSank in the Strait of Malacca on 23 August 1992
Darling RiverBulk carrier1966February 1979Sold to Malcome CollinsScrapped June 1979
Australian Trader (1st)Passenger and roll-on/roll-off1969January 1977Sold to the Royal Australian NavyScrapped 2004
Australian Enterprise (1st)Container and roll-on/roll-off19691 January 1986-Scrapped 1986
Australian Endeavour (1st)Container1969[14]1 June 1985-Scrapped 1985
Brisbane TraderContainer and roll-on/roll-off1969[15]10 December 1986Sold to Mastrogiorgis Shipping CoScrapped 2010
Sydney TraderContainer and roll-on/roll-off1969[15]1984-Scrapped 1984
TolgaBulk carrierOctober 1969 (leased)1983Returned to Arctic Shipping CoScrapped 1994
Yarra RiverBulk carrier19701982-Scrapped 1982
’‘Townsville TraderContainer and roll-on/roll-off1970[15]November 1984-Scrapped 1984
Darwin TraderContainer and bulk carrier19701998-Still in service
EchucaContainer1971July 1976Sold to Wan Hai Steamship CoStill in service
AllungaContainer and roll-on/roll-off19711986-Scrapped 1986
Mount NewmanBulk carrier1973 (chartered)1981Returned to Pacific Maritime ServicesScrapped 1996
Alnwick CastleBulk carrier1974 (leased)June 1981Returned to Ben LineScrapped 1996
Tambo RiverBulk carrier1972 (chartered)September 1979Returned to Northern Bulk CarriersScrapped 1998
MSC Australian ExporterContainerJuly 1972 (leased)1990Returned to Mediterranean Shipping CoScrapped 1999
Lysaght EndeavourRoll-on/roll-off197310 June 1987-Scrapped 1987
Lysaght EnterpriseRoll-on/roll-off1973[16]1987-Scrapped February 1987
Australian EmblemContainer and roll-on/roll-off1974[17](leased)17 April 1988Returned to Kawasaki Heavy IndustriesScrapped 1997
Melbourne TraderRoll-on/roll-offJanuary 1975[18]1988Sold to Bulk EnterpriseStill in service
MSC Australian ExplorerContainerApril 19751986-Scrapped 1986
Stirling RangeBulk carrierApril 1975March 1980Sold to Antigoni Shipping CoSunk 21 November 1983 in the Iran–Iraq War
Australian EscortContainer and roll-on/roll-offJanuary 19761989-Renamed Anro Melbourne
Bass Trader (2nd)Roll-on/roll-off1976[19]1997Sold to Strintzis LinesStill in service
Australian PioneerBulk carrierAugust 19761986Sold to Shanghai Ocean Shipping CoStill in service
Australian ProspectorBulk carrierDecember 1976July 1979Sold to TrikappaScrapped 1999
Australian VentureContainer1976[20]December 1996Sold to Lavicer Investments CorpScrapped 2006
Anro AustraliaContainerFebruary 19771997Sold to Ruby EnterprisesScrapped June 1997
Flinders RangeBulk carrier1977[21]2 January 1987Sold to China Shipping GroupStill in service
Australian PurposeBulk carrierDecember 1977June 1979Sold to Lavicer Investments CorpScrapped 2006
Lake BarrineBulk carrier19781986Sold to Societe Mo CarStill in service
Lake EildonBulk carrier19781985Sold to Queensland Lime & CementScrapped 2008
Lake EyreBulk carrier19781984Sold to Julia ShippingStill in service
Lake HumeBulk carrierJanuary 19791986Sold to Clarry ShippingStill in service
Australian ProgressBulk carrierFebruary 19791991Sold to Treasure Sea ShippingScrapped 2002
Selwyn RangeBulk carrierJuly 19791990Sold to CSL PacificStill in service
Cape HawkeBulk carrier1981 (leased)December 1986Returned to British Phosphate CommissionScrapped 1987
Baron MurrayBulk carrierAugust 1981 (leased)1987Returned to Otway Shipping CoScrapped 2003
Cape OtwayBulk carrierAugust 1981 (leased)1987Returned to British Phosphate CommissionScrapped 2008
River BoyneOre carrier1982--Still in service
River EmbleyOre carrier1983--Still in service
River YarraOre carrier19842002Sold to Canada Steamship LinesStill in service
Australian Trader (2nd)Container1 February 198519 January 1997Sold to Hub LineStill in service
Australian AdvanceContainer1986 (leased)1988Returned to United Arab Shipping CoStill in service
Tranztas TraderGeneral cargo19891998Sold to Littleton ServicesSank off Vietnam on 16 December 2010
Anro MelbourneContainer and roll-on/roll-off19891992Sold to Plixia TradingScrapped 1998
Australian SearoadRoll-on/roll-off19891994Returned to Pacific Intercontinental CoStill in service
Australian ExpressGeneral cargo6 September 1989 (leased)3 February 1990Returned to Nanyuan ShippingStill in service
Australian Endeavour (2nd)Container1991--Still in service as ANL Australia
Australian EnduranceContainer19911996Sold to Koala ShippingStill in service
Australian Enterprise (2nd)Container1997--Still in service as ANL Explorer

See also

  • Commonwealth Line, another government-owned shipping company in operation between 1916 and 1928

References

  • Ferry to Tasmania, a short History by Peter Plowman, ISBN 1-877058-27-0.
  1. ↑ "Corporate entry: Australian Coastal Shipping Commission". Australian Science at Work. austehc.unimelb.edu.au. Archived from the original on 14 August 2008. Retrieved 5 July 2008.
  2. ↑ "Corporate entry: Australian Shipping Board". Australian Science at Work. austehc.unimelb.edu.au. Archived from the original on 15 August 2008. Retrieved 5 July 2008.
  3. ↑ Joint Japan, Australia shipping line in 1969 Canberra Times 5 November 1967 page 1
  4. ↑ ANL joins with K Line in Aust-Japan trade Freight & Container Transportation January 1968 page 13
  5. ↑ ANL enters overseas trade Freight & Container Transportation June 1969 pages 27, 42
  6. ↑ Name Change Australian Transport January 1975 page 37
  7. ↑ "Corporate entry: Australian Shipping Commission". Australian Science at Work. austehc.unimelb.edu.au. Archived from the original on 15 August 2008. Retrieved 5 July 2008.
  8. ↑ "Corporate entry: Australian National Line (ANL) Limited". Australian Science at Work. austehc.unimelb.edu.au. Archived from the original on 15 August 2008. Retrieved 5 July 2008.
  9. ↑ "ANL - About Us". Anl.com.au. Archived from the original on 4 July 2008. Retrieved 5 July 2008.
  10. ↑ 1998 – 1999: CMA CGM goes global CMA CGM
  11. ↑ MS Princess of Tasmania International Railway Journal November 1960 page 26
  12. 1 2 Andrews, Graeme (1980). A Log of Great Australian Ships. Terry Hills: AH & AW Reed. p. 23. ISBN 0-589-50202-6.
  13. ↑ MS Empress of Australia Australian Transport April 1965 pages 45-47
  14. ↑ Australian Endeavour welcomed at Fremantle by Federal Minister Beverley Times 19 September 1969 page 4
  15. 1 2 3 Searoad vessel named Freight & Container Transportation February 1969 page 12
  16. ↑ ANL vehicle deck ships for steel traffic Freight & Container Transportation November 1972 page 12
  17. ↑ ANL ship to be launched in Japan this month Freight & Container Transportation August 1974 page 37
  18. ↑ New ANL Vessel Australian Transport March 1975 page 41
  19. ↑ MV Bass Trader II Australian Transport February 1976 page 22
  20. ↑ Largest ANL ship Freight & Container Transportation April 1977 page 31
  21. ↑ ANL bulk ship launched Freight & Container Transportation September 1976 page 38
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