Ayandegan
Founder(s)Daryoush Homayoun
EditorDaryoush Homayoun (1967–1977)
Founded16 December 1967
Political alignment
  • Independent
  • Liberal
  • Nationalist
LanguagePersian
Ceased publication8 August 1979
HeadquartersTehran
CountryIran

Ayandegan (Persian: آیندگان lit. "The Future People") was one of the most influential and popular daily newspapers in Iran during Mohammad Reza Pahlavi's rule. It was the first morning daily paper of Iran.[1] It had an independent and critical stance.[2][3] The paper was also a liberal[4] and nationalist publication in the Pahlavi period.[1]

History and profile

Ayandegan was founded in 1967 by Daryoush Homayoun, and its first issue appeared on 16 December that year.[5][6] From its start in 1967 to 1977 Homayoun edited the paper,[7] which held a liberal stance.[5] The paper had its headquarters in Tehran.[5]

In the immediate aftermath of the 1979 revolution, Ayandegan enjoyed higher levels of circulation selling 400,000 copies.[8] However, the paper was banned on 12 May 1979 due to its criticisms over the Islamic government's censorship and limitations on the freedom of press.[2][9] In fact, on the same day the paper published three empty pages to protest over the statements of Ayatullah Khomeini who declared that he would not read Ayandegan.[4] Soon after this incident Ayatullah Khomeini stated that the paper was both depraved and deviationist.[2] Then the revolutionary prosecutor closed the newspaper on 8 August 1979.[10][11] The staff were also arrested.[2]

References

  1. 1 2 A.H. Fink (2020). The importance of conspiracy theory in extremist ideology and propaganda (PhD thesis). Leiden University. p. 395. hdl:1887/87359.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Nicholas M. Nikazmerad (1980). "A Chronological Survey of the Iranian Revolution". Iranian Studies. 13 (1/4): 356,360. doi:10.1080/00210868008701575. JSTOR 4310346.
  3. ↑ James A. Bill (Spring 1973). "The Plasticity of Informal Politics: The Case of Iran". The Middle East Journal. 27 (2): 147. JSTOR 4325054.
  4. 1 2 Mehrzad Boroujerdi; Kourosh Rahimkhani (2018). Postrevolutionary Iran. A Political Handbook. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press. p. 10. ISBN 978-0815635741.
  5. 1 2 3 Hossein Shahidi (2007). Journalism in Iran: From Mission to Profession. London; New York: Routledge. p. 33. ISBN 978-1-134-09391-5.
  6. ↑ L. P. Elwell-Sutton; P. Mohajer (15 December 1987). "Ayandagan". Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. III. pp. 132–133.
  7. ↑ "Homayoun, Daryush". Foundation for Iranian Studies. Archived from the original on 20 May 2015. Retrieved 19 May 2015.
  8. ↑ Asef Bayat (1998). "Revolution without Movement, Movement without Revolution: Comparing Islamic Activism in Iran and Egypt". Comparative Studies in Society and History. 40 (1): 152. doi:10.1017/S0010417598980057. JSTOR 179392. S2CID 54197847.
  9. ↑ "Chronology February 16, 1979-May 15, 1979". The Middle East Journal. 33 (3): 357. Summer 1979. JSTOR 4325879.
  10. ↑ Revolution and Iran after 1979 Iran Chamber.
  11. ↑ Houchang E. Chehabi (1990). Iranian Politics and Religious Modernism: The Liberation Movement of Iran Under the Shah and Khomeini. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. p. 268. ISBN 978-1-85043-198-5.
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