Brown Boveri electric locomotive
A FEVE 4000 series locomotive hauling a train, September 1977.
Type and origin
Power typeElectric
BuilderBrown Boveri, Haine-Saint-Pierre
Build date1928
Total produced10
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • AARB-B
 • UICBo′Bo′
Gauge1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)
Length11.22 m (36 ft 10 in)
Width2.53 m (8 ft 4 in)
Height3.25 m (10 ft 8 in)
Axle load11,000 kg (24,251 lb)
Loco weight44,000 kg (97,003 lb)
Electric system/s1,500 V DC overhead line
Current pickup(s)Pantograph
Loco brakeVacuum
Performance figures
Maximum speed70 km/h (45 mph)
Power output:
​
 • 1 hour760 kW (1,019 hp)
 • Continuous564 kW (756 hp)
Tractive effort:
​
 • Starting108 kN (24,000 lbf)
 • 1 hour56 kN (13,000 lbf)
 • Continuous37 kN (8,300 lbf)
Career
OperatorsFerrocarriles Vascongados, FEVE, Euskotren
Delivered1928
Retired1999

The Brown Boveri electric locomotive was an electric locomotive type originally operated by Ferrocarriles Vascongados in the Basque Country, Spain. When that company was absorbed by FEVE, it came to be known as the FEVE 4000 series. It was later operated by Euskotren.

History

Due to an increase in traffic, Ferrocarriles Vascongados decided in the 1920s to electrify its main line between Bilbao and San Sebastián. Correspondingly, the company ordered nine (later 10) electric locomotives in May 1927[1] for hauling freight trains and heavy passenger trains. They were numbered 1 to 10. The electrical components were manufactured by the Swiss company Brown, Boveri & Cie, while the mechanical parts were built by Forges Usines et Fonderies Haine-Saint-Pierre , a Belgian company. Like other locomotives, they were nicknamed Cocodrilo (Spanish for 'crocodile') due to their distinctive shape.[2] While originally painted in red and cream colors, the locomotives were repainted in a less distinctive grey and green color scheme during the Spanish Civil War.[3]

After the original operator was absorbed into FEVE in 1972, the locomotives were renumbered as 4001 to 4010. This period saw a decline in freight traffic which coupled with the retirement of some multiple unit types meant the 4000 series was increasingly used to haul local train services. It was during this time that the locomotives had their axleboxes changed, the most significant overhaul during their lifetime. After the establishment of Euskotren in 1982 (known at the time as ET/FV), they were transferred to the new company. They were gradually retired from service starting in 1988, with some locomotives being used to haul tourist trains up to 1999.[2]

Technology

The locomotive has a undercarriage that consists of two two-axle carriages with a cross-bearing drive, which are connected to each other with a close coupling. The axle bearings are designed as Isothermos bearings.

The superstructures do not transmit tractive force and serve only to protect the electrical equipment. They consist of a central part in the form of a shorter locomotive body with the two cabs and the two scissor pantographs and two front bodies. The superstructures, on which the third headlight is also placed, use the whole width of the vehicle.

In the central part, between the two cabs, is the apparatus room with a central aisle. On one side are the high-voltage cell, the cam controller, the vacuum pump for the train brake, and the compressor for the pantographs and whistle. On the other are the low-voltage frame, the quick-action switch, the converter for the control power supply, the batteries, and the traction motor fan. The cam gear is mechanically driven by the handwheels of the master controllers in the cabs via a chain transmission. A hand air pump allows the pantograph to be lifted without compressed air.

The starting resistors are located in the front ends. The two CMTD-type traction motors of a bogie form a group permanently connected in series. When starting up, both groups are connected in series on the first nine speed steps, and on the next five speed steps they are connected in parallel, followed by two field weakening stages. The locomotives have no electric brake. The traction motors were cooled by the fan with two fan wheels located in the engine room, which sucked in the cooling air in the lower area of the side wall and directed it through floor ducts to the traction motors in the undercarriage.[1]

Numbering and naming

The locomotives were named after mountains of the Basque Country. Their individual details are as follows.[2]

FV No.FEVE No.NameBBC No.HSP No.RetiredFate
14001Ganguren283215721986Scrapped around 1989 after derailing in Ermua in 1986.[4]
24002Ulía283315731999Refurbished in 1991, used until 1999 for hauling tourist trains. Preserved by the Basque Railway Museum.
34003Bizkargi283415741989Cannibalized, later preserved by the Basque Railway Museum.
44004Kalamua28351575Donated in 1993 to La Traction, a Swiss heritage railway. Scrapped around 2015.
54005Mugarra28361576Scrapped in 1989 after being destroyed by fire.
64006Arate283915771999Refurbished in 1990, used until 1999 for hauling tourist trains. Preserved by the Basque Railway Museum.
74007Aluitz28401578Scrapped in 1989 after being destroyed by fire.
84008Galdaramiño283815791989Originally preserved by the Basque Railway Museum. It was exchanged with a collector in 1994.
94009Andux28371580Exchanged with FGV. Currently preserved by the Basque Railway Museum.
104010Irukurutzeta296415861999Refurbished in 1991, used until 1999 for hauling tourist trains; when it was exchanged with the Ferrocarril de Sóller. It was scrapped in 2012.[5]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Die Bo+Bo-Lokomotiven für die Vascongados-Bahn" (PDF). Brown Boveri Mitteilungen (in German). February 1931. pp. 99–102. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 Olaizola, Juanjo (2001). Bilbo eta Donostia arteko trenaren material motorea / Material motor del ferrocarril de Bilbao a San Sebastián (in Spanish and Basque). Bilbao: Eusko Trenbideak Ferrocarriles Vascos , S.A. pp. 91–99. ISBN 84-920629-3-2.
  3. ↑ Stolz, Christophe. "Vascongados BBC-Locomotiven". le-rail (in German). Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  4. ↑ "Una máquina de tren descarrila en Ermua". El País (in Spanish). EFE. 26 May 1986. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
  5. ↑ F. Vallespir, Aitor (12 January 2012). "Reducen a chatarra un ferrocarril histórico construido en 1928". Diario de Mallorca (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 November 2021.
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