The FIFA World Cup is an international association football competition contested by the men's national teams of the members of Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The championship has been awarded every four years since the first tournament in 1930, except in 1942 and 1946, due to World War II.
The tournament consists of two parts, the qualification phase and the final phase (officially called the World Cup Finals). The qualification phase, which currently take place over the three years preceding the Finals, is used to determine which teams qualify for the Finals. The current format of the Finals involves 32 teams competing for the title, at venues within the host nation (or nations) over a period of about a month. The World Cup Finals is the most widely viewed sporting event in the world, with an estimated 715.1 million people watching the 2006 tournament final.
Cameroon have appeared in the Finals of the FIFA World Cup on eight occasions, the first being in 1982 where they drew all three group games and finished in 17th position. In 1990 Cameroon reached the quarter-finals before being defeated 3–2 by England. Roger Milla, at the age of 42, became the oldest player ever to appear in a World Cup Finals at the 1994 FIFA World Cup, where he also managed to score. The record for oldest player was broken in 2014 by Colombian goalkeeper Faryd Mondragón, but Milla is still the oldest goalscorer at FIFA World Cup Finals.
They made their eighth appearance at the finals in the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar.[1]
Record at the FIFA World Cup
FIFA World Cup record | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Round | Position | Pld | W | D* | L | GF | GA |
1930 | Part of France | |||||||
1934 | ||||||||
1938 | ||||||||
1950 | ||||||||
1954 | ||||||||
1958 | ||||||||
as Cameroon | ||||||||
1962 | Did not enter | |||||||
1966 | Withdrew | |||||||
1970 | Did not enter | |||||||
1974 | ||||||||
1978 | ||||||||
1982 | Group stage | 17th | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
1986 | Did not qualify | |||||||
1990 | Quarter-finals | 7th | 5 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 9 |
1994 | Group stage | 22nd | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 11 |
1998 | 25th | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 | |
2002 | 20th | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
2006 | Did not qualify | |||||||
2010 | Group stage | 31st | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 5 |
2014 | 32nd | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 9 | |
2018 | Did not qualify | |||||||
2022 | Group stage | 19th | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 |
2026 | To be determined | |||||||
2030 | ||||||||
2034 | ||||||||
Total | Quarter-finals | 8/25 | 26 | 5 | 8 | 13 | 22 | 47 |
- *Denotes draws including knockout matches decided via penalty shoot-out.
By match
Record by opponent
FIFA World Cup matches (by team) | ||||||
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Opponent | Wins | Draws | Losses | Total | Goals scored | Goals conceded |
Argentina | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Austria | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Brazil | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 7 |
Chile | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Colombia | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
Croatia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
Denmark | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
England | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Germany | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Italy | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
Japan | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Mexico | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Netherlands | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Peru | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Poland | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Republic of Ireland | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Romania | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
Russia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
Saudi Arabia | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Serbia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 |
Soviet Union | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
Sweden | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
Switzerland | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Spain 1982
Squad
Head coach: Jean Vincent
No. | Pos. | Player | Date of birth (age) | Caps | Club |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | GK | Thomas N'Kono (c) | 20 July 1956 (aged 25) | Canon Yaoundé | |
2 | DF | Michel Kaham | 1 June 1952 (aged 30) | Stade Quimperois | |
3 | DF | Edmond Enoka | 17 December 1955 (aged 26) | Dragon Douala | |
4 | DF | René N'Djeya | 9 October 1953 (aged 28) | Union Douala | |
5 | DF | Elie Onana | 13 October 1958 (aged 23) | Federal Foumban | |
6 | MF | Emmanuel Kundé | 15 July 1956 (aged 25) | Canon Yaoundé | |
7 | MF | Ephrem M'Bom | 19 October 1955 (aged 26) | Canon Yaoundé | |
8 | MF | Grégoire M'Bida | 27 January 1955 (aged 27) | Canon Yaoundé | |
9 | FW | Roger Milla | 20 May 1952 (aged 30) | Bastia | |
10 | FW | Jean-Pierre Tokoto | 26 January 1948 (aged 34) | Jacksonville Tea Men | |
11 | MF | Charles Toubé | 22 January 1958 (aged 24) | Tonnerre Yaoundé | |
12 | GK | Joseph-Antoine Bell | 8 October 1954 (aged 27) | Africa Sports | |
13 | FW | Paul Bahoken | 7 July 1955 (aged 26) | Cannes | |
14 | MF | Théophile Abega | 9 July 1954 (aged 27) | Canon Yaoundé | |
15 | DF | François N'Doumbé | 30 January 1954 (aged 28) | Union Douala | |
16 | DF | Ibrahim Aoudou | 23 August 1955 (aged 26) | Cannes | |
17 | MF | Joseph Kamga | 17 August 1953 (aged 28) | Union Douala | |
18 | FW | Jacques N'Guea | 8 November 1955 (aged 26) | Canon Yaoundé | |
19 | MF | Joseph Enanga | 18 November 1956 (aged 25) | Union Douala | |
20 | FW | Oscar Eyobo | 23 October 1961 (aged 20) | Dynamo Douala | |
21 | FW | Ernest Ebongué | 15 May 1962 (aged 20) | Tonnerre Yaoundé | |
22 | GK | Simon Tchobang | 31 August 1951 (aged 30) | Dynamo Douala |
Matches
Grégoire M'Bida scored the first ever goal for Cameroon in the World Cup Finals when he hooked the ball home with his right foot past the advancing goalkeeper from inside the six yard box after the ball had been headed on to him from a high ball inside the penalty area. The goal came one minute after Italy had taken the lead in the game after missing several chances to score in the first half.
Italy 1990
Squad
Head coach: Valery Nepomnyashchy
No. | Pos. | Player | Date of birth (age) | Caps | Club |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | GK | Joseph-Antoine Bell | 8 October 1954 (aged 35) | Bordeaux | |
2 | DF | André Kana-Biyik | 1 September 1965 (aged 24) | Metz | |
3 | DF | Jules Onana | 12 June 1964 (aged 25) | Canon Yaoundé | |
4 | DF | Benjamin Massing | 20 June 1962 (aged 27) | Créteil | |
5 | DF | Bertin Ebwellé | 11 September 1962 (aged 27) | Tonnerre Yaoundé | |
6 | MF | Emmanuel Kundé | 15 July 1956 (aged 33) | Prévoyance Yaoundé | |
7 | FW | François Omam-Biyik | 21 May 1966 (aged 24) | Stade Lavallois | |
8 | MF | Émile Mbouh | 30 May 1966 (aged 24) | Le Havre | |
9 | FW | Roger Milla | 20 May 1952 (aged 38) | JS Saint-Pierroise | |
10 | FW | Louis-Paul M'Fédé | 26 February 1962 (aged 28) | Canon Yaoundé | |
11 | FW | Eugène Ekéké | 30 May 1960 (aged 30) | Valenciennes | |
12 | DF | Alphonse Yombi | 30 June 1969 (aged 20) | Canon Yaoundé | |
13 | MF | Jean-Claude Pagal | 15 September 1964 (aged 25) | La Roche Vendée | |
14 | DF | Stephen Tataw (c) | 31 March 1963 (aged 27) | Tonnerre Yaoundé | |
15 | MF | Thomas Libiih | 17 November 1967 (aged 22) | Tonnerre Yaoundé | |
16 | GK | Thomas N'Kono | 20 July 1956 (aged 33) | Espanyol | |
17 | DF | Victor N'Dip | 20 August 1967 (aged 22) | Canon Yaoundé | |
18 | FW | Bonaventure Djonkep | 20 August 1961 (aged 28) | Union Douala | |
19 | MF | Roger Feutmba | 31 October 1968 (aged 21) | Union Douala | |
20 | MF | Cyrille Makanaky | 28 June 1965 (aged 24) | Toulon | |
21 | MF | Emmanuel Maboang | 27 November 1968 (aged 21) | Canon Yaoundé | |
22 | GK | Jacques Songo'o | 17 March 1964 (aged 26) | Toulon |
Argentina vs Cameroon
Omam-Biyik scored with a downward header from six yards out the after the ball had been looped into the air. Nery Pumpido allowed the weak header to go under his body and into the net.[2]
Argentina | 0–1 | Cameroon |
---|---|---|
Report | Omam-Biyik 67' |
Argentina
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Cameroon
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Cameroon vs Romania
Cameroon
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Romania
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Cameroon vs Soviet Union
Cameroon | 0–4 | Soviet Union |
---|---|---|
Report | Protasov 20' Zygmantovich 29' Zavarov 55' Dobrovolski 63' |
Cameroon
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Soviet Union
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Cameroon vs Colombia
Cameroon
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Colombia
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England vs Cameroon
England | 3–2 (a.e.t.) | Cameroon |
---|---|---|
Platt 25' Lineker 83' (pen.), 105' (pen.) |
Report | Kundé 61' (pen.) Ekéké 65' |
England
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Cameroon
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United States 1994
Squad
Head coach: Henri Michel
No. | Pos. | Player | Date of birth (age) | Caps | Club |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | GK | Joseph-Antoine Bell | 8 October 1954 (aged 39) | Saint-Étienne | |
2 | DF | André Kana-Biyik | 1 September 1965 (aged 28) | Le Havre | |
3 | DF | Rigobert Song | 1 July 1976 (aged 17) | Tonnerre Yaounde | |
4 | DF | Samuel Ekeme | 12 July 1966 (aged 27) | Canon Yaounde | |
5 | DF | Victor N'Dip | 18 August 1967 (aged 26) | Olympic Mvolyé | |
6 | MF | Thomas Libiih | 17 November 1967 (aged 26) | Ohud | |
7 | FW | François Omam-Biyik | 21 May 1966 (aged 28) | Lens | |
8 | MF | Émile Mbouh | 30 May 1966 (aged 28) | Nadi Qatar | |
9 | FW | Roger Milla | 20 May 1952 (aged 42) | Tonnerre Yaounde | |
10 | FW | Louis-Paul M'Fédé | 26 February 1961 (aged 33) | Canon Yaounde | |
11 | MF | Emmanuel Maboang | 27 November 1968 (aged 25) | Rio Ave | |
12 | MF | Paul Loga | 14 August 1969 (aged 24) | Prevoyance Yaounde | |
13 | DF | Raymond Kalla | 22 April 1975 (aged 19) | Canon Yaounde | |
14 | DF | Stephen Tataw (c) | 31 March 1963 (aged 31) | Olympic Mvolyé | |
15 | DF | Hans Agbo | 26 September 1967 (aged 26) | Olympic Mvolyé | |
16 | FW | Alphonse Tchami | 14 September 1971 (aged 22) | Odense | |
17 | MF | Marc-Vivien Foé | 1 May 1975 (aged 19) | Canon Yaounde | |
18 | MF | Jean-Pierre Fiala | 22 April 1969 (aged 25) | Canon Yaounde | |
19 | FW | David Embé | 13 November 1973 (aged 20) | Belenenses | |
20 | FW | Georges Mouyémé | 15 April 1971 (aged 23) | Troyes | |
21 | GK | Thomas N'Kono | 20 July 1956 (aged 37) | CE L'Hospitalet | |
22 | GK | Jacques Songo'o | 17 March 1964 (aged 30) | Metz |
Matches
Embé got the equalizing goal for Cameroon in the 31st minute when he side-footed into an empty net from close range after a pass from the left. Omam-Biyik then scored to put Cameroon in front in the 47th minute when he ran onto a long ball into the box before flicking the ball right footed past the advancing goalkeeper from eight yards out.
Cameroon
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Sweden
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Assistant referees:
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Brazil
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Cameroon
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Assistant referees:
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Russia
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Cameroon
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Assistant referees:
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France 1998
Squad
Head coach: Claude Le Roy
No. | Pos. | Player | Date of birth (age) | Caps | Club |
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1 | GK | Jacques Songo'o | 17 March 1964 (aged 34) | Deportivo La Coruña | |
2 | MF | Joseph Elanga | 2 May 1979 (aged 19) | Tonnerre Yaoundé | |
3 | DF | Pierre Womé | 26 March 1979 (aged 19) | Lucchese | |
4 | DF | Rigobert Song | 1 July 1976 (aged 21) | Metz | |
5 | DF | Raymond Kalla | 22 April 1975 (aged 23) | Panahaiki | |
6 | DF | Pierre Njanka | 15 March 1975 (aged 23) | Olympic Mvolyé | |
7 | FW | François Omam-Biyik (c) | 21 May 1966 (aged 32) | Sampdoria | |
8 | MF | Didier Angibeaud | 8 October 1974 (aged 23) | Nice | |
9 | FW | Alphonse Tchami | 14 February 1971 (aged 27) | Hertha BSC | |
10 | FW | Patrick M'Boma | 15 November 1970 (aged 27) | Gamba Osaka | |
11 | FW | Samuel Eto'o | 10 March 1981 (aged 17) | Leganés | |
12 | DF | Lauren | 19 January 1977 (aged 21) | Levante | |
13 | DF | Patrice Abanda | 3 August 1978 (aged 19) | Tonnerre Yaoundé | |
14 | MF | Augustine Simo | 18 September 1978 (aged 19) | Saint-Étienne | |
15 | MF | Joseph N'Do | 28 April 1976 (aged 22) | Cottonsport Garoua | |
16 | GK | Bassey William Andem | 14 June 1968 (aged 29) | Boavista | |
17 | DF | Michel Pensée | 16 June 1973 (aged 24) | Cheonan Ilhwa Chunma | |
18 | FW | Samuel Ipoua | 1 March 1973 (aged 25) | Rapid Wien | |
19 | MF | Marcel Mahouvé | 16 January 1973 (aged 25) | Montpellier | |
20 | MF | Salomon Olembé | 8 December 1980 (aged 17) | Nantes | |
21 | FW | Joseph-Désiré Job | 1 December 1977 (aged 20) | Lyon | |
22 | GK | Alioum Boukar | 3 January 1972 (aged 26) | Samsunspor |
Matches
Cameroon
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Austria
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Assistant referees:
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Italy
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Cameroon
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Assistant referees:
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Chile
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Cameroon
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Assistant referees:
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South Korea/Japan 2002
Squad
Head coach: Winfried Schäfer
No. | Pos. | Player | Date of birth (age) | Caps | Club |
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1 | GK | Alioum Boukar | 3 January 1972 (aged 30) | 46 | Samsunspor |
2 | MF | Bill Tchato | 14 May 1975 (aged 27) | 12 | Montpellier |
3 | DF | Pierre Womé | 26 March 1979 (aged 23) | 46 | Bologna |
4 | DF | Rigobert Song (c) | 1 July 1976 (aged 25) | 59 | 1. FC Köln |
5 | DF | Raymond Kalla | 22 April 1975 (aged 27) | 47 | Extremadura |
6 | DF | Pierre Njanka | 15 March 1975 (aged 27) | 31 | Strasbourg |
7 | MF | Joseph N'Do | 28 April 1976 (aged 26) | 16 | Al-Khaleej |
8 | DF | Geremi | 20 December 1978 (aged 23) | 38 | Real Madrid |
9 | FW | Samuel Eto'o | 10 March 1981 (aged 21) | 27 | Mallorca |
10 | FW | Patrick M'Boma | 15 November 1970 (aged 31) | 42 | Sunderland |
11 | FW | Pius N'Diefi | 5 July 1975 (aged 26) | 13 | Sedan |
12 | MF | Lauren | 19 January 1977 (aged 25) | 15 | Arsenal |
13 | DF | Lucien Mettomo | 19 April 1977 (aged 25) | 17 | Manchester City |
14 | MF | Joël Epalle | 20 February 1978 (aged 24) | 22 | Panathinaikos |
15 | MF | Nicolas Alnoudji | 9 December 1979 (aged 22) | 15 | Rizespor |
16 | GK | Jacques Songo'o | 17 March 1964 (aged 38) | 66 | Metz |
17 | MF | Marc-Vivien Foé | 1 May 1975 (aged 27) | 47 | Lyon |
18 | FW | Patrick Suffo | 17 January 1978 (aged 24) | 18 | Sheffield United |
19 | MF | Eric Djemba-Djemba | 4 May 1981 (aged 21) | 0 | Nantes |
20 | MF | Salomon Olembé | 8 December 1980 (aged 21) | 39 | Marseille |
21 | FW | Joseph-Désiré Job | 1 December 1977 (aged 24) | 34 | Metz |
22 | GK | Carlos Kameni | 18 February 1984 (aged 18) | 1 | Le Havre |
23 | MF | Daniel Kome | 19 May 1980 (aged 22) | 4 | Numancia |
Matches
Republic of Ireland | 1–1 | Cameroon |
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Holland 52' | Report | M'Boma 39' |
Republic of Ireland
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Cameroon
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Man of the Match:
Assistant referees:
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Cameroon | 1–0 | Saudi Arabia |
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Eto'o 66' | Report |
Cameroon
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Saudi Arabia
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Man of the Match:
Assistant referees:
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Cameroon
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Germany
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Man of the Match:
Assistant referees:
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South Africa 2010
Squad
Group E Final Standings
The winners of this group, Netherlands, advanced to face the Group F runners-up, Slovakia, while Japan, as Group E runners-up, faced Group F winners Paraguay. Cameroon was the first team to be eliminated in the World Cup, following their 2–1 defeat by Denmark on 19 June 2010.
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Netherlands | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 | +4 | 9 | Advance to knockout stage |
2 | Japan | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 2 | +2 | 6 | |
3 | Denmark | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 6 | −3 | 3 | |
4 | Cameroon | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 5 | −3 | 0 |
All times local (UTC+02)
Group E Matches
Japan vs Cameroon
Japan[3]
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Cameroon[3]
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Man of the Match:
Assistant referees:
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Cameroon vs Denmark
Cameroon[4]
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Denmark[4]
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Man of the Match:
Assistant referees:
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Cameroon vs Netherlands
Cameroon | 1–2 | Netherlands |
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Eto'o 65' (pen.) | Report | Van Persie 36' Huntelaar 83' |
Cameroon[5]
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Netherlands[5]
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Man of the Match:
Assistant referees:
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Brazil 2014
Group A Final Standings
Legend |
---|
Group winners and runners-up advance to the round of 16 |
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
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1 | Brazil (H) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 2 | +5 | 7 | Advance to knockout stage |
2 | Mexico | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 1 | +3 | 7 | |
3 | Croatia | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 3 | |
4 | Cameroon | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 9 | −8 | 0 |
- Brazil advance to play Chile (runner-up of Group B) in the round of 16.
- Mexico advance to play Netherlands (winner of Group B) in the round of 16.
Mexico vs Cameroon
Mexico
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Cameroon
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Man of the Match:
Assistant referees:
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Cameroon vs Croatia
Cameroon
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Croatia
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Man of the Match:
Assistant referees:
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Cameroon vs Brazil
Cameroon
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Brazil
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Man of the Match:
Assistant referees:
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Qatar 2022
Group stage
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Brazil | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | +2 | 6 | Advanced to knockout stage |
2 | Switzerland | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 3 | +1 | 6 | |
3 | Cameroon | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 4 | |
4 | Serbia | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 8 | −3 | 1 |
Cameroon | 3–3 | Serbia |
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Report |
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Record players
Rank | Player | Matches | World Cups |
---|---|---|---|
1 | François Omam-Biyik | 11 | 1990, 1994 and 1998 |
2 | Roger Milla | 10 | 1982, 1990 and 1994 |
3 | Rigobert Song | 9 | 1994, 1998, 2002 and 2010 |
4 | Thomas N'Kono | 8 | 1982 and 1990 |
Louis-Paul Mfédé | 8 | 1990 and 1994 | |
Stephen Tataw | 8 | 1990 and 1994 | |
Raymond Kalla | 8 | 1994, 1998 and 2002 | |
Samuel Eto'o | 8 | 1998, 2002, 2010 and 2014 | |
Nicolas Nkoulou | 8 | 2010, 2014, 2022 | |
Eric Maxim Choupo-Moting | 8 | 2010, 2014, 2022 | |
Top goalscorers
Cameroon's top goalscorer at FIFA World Cup finals, Roger Milla, also holds the record as oldest player to ever score at a FIFA World Cup. When he scored his goal during the 1–6 defeat against Russia in 1994, he was aged 42 years and 39 days.
Rank | Player | Goals | World Cups |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Roger Milla | 5 | 1990 and 1994 |
2 | Samuel Eto'o | 3 | 2002 and 2010 |
3 | François Omam-Biyik | 2 | 1990 and 1994 |
Patrick M'Boma | 2 | 1998 and 2002 | |
Vincent Aboubakar | 2 | 2022 | |
6 | Grégoire M'Bida | 1 | 1982 |
Emmanuel Kundé | 1 | 1990 | |
Eugène Ekéké | 1 | 1990 | |
David Embé | 1 | 1994 | |
Pierre Njanka | 1 | 1998 | |
Joël Matip | 1 | 2014 | |
Jean-Charles Castelletto | 1 | 2022 | |
Eric Maxim Choupo-Moting | 1 | 2022 |
Individual awards
Roger Milla won the Bronze Boot in 1990. He is the only individual award winner ever from Africa. At the age of 38 at the time, he is also the oldest boot award winner to date.
See also
References
- ↑ "World Cup 2014: Your guide to Group A – Brazil; Croatia; Mexico; Cameroon". The Independent. 6 December 2013. Retrieved 15 January 2014.
- ↑ "World Cup: 25 stunning moments … No1: Cameroon stun Argentina in 1990". Guardian. 12 February 2014. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
- 1 2 "Tactical Line-up – Group E – Japan-Cameroon" (PDF). FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 14 June 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 9, 2012. Retrieved 14 June 2010.
- 1 2 "Tactical Line-up – Group E – Cameroon-Denmark" (PDF). FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 19 June 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 July 2010. Retrieved 19 June 2010.
- 1 2 "Tactical Line-up – Group E – Cameroon-Netherlands" (PDF). FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 24 June 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 9, 2012. Retrieved 24 June 2010.