This article lists the Communist Party of Great Britain's election results in UK parliamentary elections.
Summary of general election performance
Average vote share of Communist Party of GB candidates at each General Election
| Year | Number of Candidates | Total votes | Average voters per candidate | Percentage of vote | Saved deposits[1] | Change (percentage points) | Number of MPs[2] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1922 | 5 | 30,684 | 6,137 | 0.2 | 3 | N/A | 1 |
| 1923 | 4 | 39,448 | 9,862 | 0.2 | 4 | 0.0 | 0 |
| 1924 | 8 | 55,346 | 6,918 | 0.3 | 7 | +0.1 | 1 |
| 1929 | 25 | 50,634 | 2,205 | 0.2 | 4 | -0.1 | 0 |
| 1931 | 26 | 74,824 | 2,878 | 0.3 | 5 | +0.1 | 0 |
| 1935 | 2 | 27,177 | 13,589 | 0.1 | 2 | −0.2 | 1 |
| 1945 | 21 | 102,780 | 4,894 | 0.4 | 9 | +0.3 | 2 |
| 1950 | 100 | 91,765 | 918 | 0.3 | 3 | −0.1 | 0 |
| 1951 | 10 | 21,640 | 2,164 | 0.1 | 0 | −0.2 | 0 |
| 1955 | 17 | 33,144 | 1,950 | 0.1 | 2 | 0.0 | 0 |
| 1959 | 18 | 30,896 | 1,716 | 0.1 | 1 | 0.0 | 0 |
| 1964 | 36 | 46,442 | 1,290 | 0.2 | 0 | +0.1 | 0 |
| 1966 | 57 | 62,092 | 1,089 | 0.2 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 |
| 1970 | 57 | 37,970 | 655 | 0.1 | 0 | −0.1 | 0 |
| 1974 February | 44 | 32,743 | 744 | 0.1 | 1 | 0.0 | 0 |
| 1974 October | 29 | 17,426 | 601 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 |
| 1979 | 38 | 16,858 | 444 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 |
| 1983 | 35 | 11,606 | 332 | 0.0 | 0 | −0.1 | 0 |
| 1987 | 19 | 6,078 | 320 | 0.0 | 0 | −0.1 | 0 |
Election results
By-elections, 1921–22
| By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position[3] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1921 Caerphilly by-election | Bob Stewart | 2,592 | 10.3 | 3 |
1922 general election
| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position[4] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bethnal Green North East | Walter Windsor | 5,659 | 35.3 | 2 |
| Dundee | Willie Gallacher | 5,906 | 5.0 | 6 |
| Greenock | Alec Geddes | 9,776 | 34.1 | 2 |
| Motherwell | Walton Newbold | 8,262 | 33.3 | 1 |
This list does not include Shapurji Saklatvala, a member of the party who was elected for the Labour Party,[5] nor Joe Vaughan who also stood for the Labour Party.[4]
1923 general election
| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position[6] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dundee | Willie Gallacher | 10,380 | 10.1 | 5 |
| Glasgow Kelvingrove | Aitken Ferguson | 10,021 | 39.0 | 2 |
| Greenock | Alec Geddes | 10,335 | 38.8 | 2 |
| Motherwell | Walton Newbold | 8,712 | 37.4 | 2 |
This list does not include William Paul, Morgan Philips Price, Shapurji Saklatvala, Joe Vaughan or Ellen Wilkinson, party members who stood for the Labour Party.[5]
1924 general election
| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position[7] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Battersea North | Shapurji Saklatvala | 15,096 | 50.9 | 1 |
| Bethnal Green South West | Joe Vaughan | 6,024 | 40.9 | 2 |
| Birmingham West | Robert Dunstan | 7,158 | 32.1 | 2 |
| Dundee | Bob Stewart | 8,340 | 6.7 | 5 |
| Greenock | Alec Geddes | 7,590 | 29.0 | 2 |
| Manchester Rusholme | William Paul | 5,328 | 20.2 | 3 |
| Nottingham East | Tom Mann | 2,606 | 10.8 | 3 |
| Streatham | Alfred Wall | 3,204 | 13.8 | 3 |
By-elections, 1924–29
| By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1928 Aberdeen North by-election | Aitken Ferguson | 2,618 | 12.9 | 3 |
1929 general election
| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aberdeen North | Aitken Ferguson | 1,686 | 5.8 | 3 |
| Battersea North | Shapurji Saklatvala | 6,554 | 18.6 | 3 |
| Bethnal Green South West | Robert Dunstan | 1,368 | 7.7 | 3 |
| Bothwell | Helen Crawfurd | 1,677 | 5.5 | 3 |
| Caerphilly | Jock Wilson | 829 | 2.2 | 4 |
| Dundee | Bob Stewart | 6,160 | 3.6 | 5 |
| Dunfermline Burghs | Jack Leckie | 1,712 | 6.5 | 3 |
| Glasgow St Rollox | George Middleton | 613 | 1.9 | 3 |
| Greenock | Alec Geddes | 7,005 | 25.1 | 3 |
| Hackney South | J. T. Murphy | 331 | 1.1 | 4 |
| Hamilton | Frank Moore | 395 | 1.6 | 3 |
| Limehouse | Walter Tapsell | 245 | 1.0 | 4 |
| Manchester Platting | Joseph Vaughan | 401 | 1.0 | 3 |
| Mansfield | Rose Smith | 533 | 1.1 | 4 |
| Motherwell | Isabel Brown | 984 | 3.4 | 4 |
| Ogmore | John Ross Campbell | 1,525 | 3.8 | 4 |
| Rhondda East | Arthur Horner | 5,789 | 15.2 | 3 |
| Rutherglen | Alex Moffat | 842 | 2.5 | 4 |
| Seaham | Harry Pollitt | 1,431 | 2.9 | 4 |
| Sheffield Attercliffe | George Fletcher | 1,731 | 5.5 | 4 |
| Spen Valley | Shaukat Usmani | 242 | 0.6 | 3 |
| Tottenham South | Henry Sara | 490 | 1.5 | 4 |
| Wallsend | Wal Hannington | 744 | 1.8 | 4 |
| West Fife | Willie Gallacher | 6,040 | 20.5 | 2 |
| Wigan | Frank Bright | 1,307 | 2.8 | 3 |
By-elections, 1929–31
| By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1929 Leeds South East by-election | Bill Brain | 512 | 4.2 | 2 |
| 1929 Kilmarnock by-election | Isabel Brown | 1,448 | 4.4 | 3 |
| 1930 Sheffield Brightside by-election | J. T. Murphy | 1,084 | 4.4 | 4 |
| 1930 Glasgow Shettleston by-election | Shapurji Saklatvala | 1,459 | 5.8 | 4 |
| 1930 Shipley by-election | Willie Gallacher | 701 | 1.7 | 4 |
| 1930 Whitechapel and St Georges by-election | Harry Pollitt | 2,106 | 9.6 | 4 |
| 1931 Ogmore by-election | John Ross Campbell | 5,219 | 21.2 | 2 |
1931 general election
By-elections, 1931–35
| By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1932 Dunbartonshire by-election | Hughie McIntyre | 2,870 | 7.5 | 4 |
| 1933 Rhondda East by-election | Arthur Horner | 11,228 | 33.8 | 2 |
| 1933 Clay Cross by-election | Harry Pollitt | 3,434 | 10.8 | 3 |
| 1933 Skipton by-election | James Rushton | 704 | 1.7 | 4 |
| 1934 Hammersmith North by-election | Ted Bramley | 614 | 2.4 | 3 |
| 1934 Merthyr by-election | Wal Hannington | 3,409 | 9.5 | 4 |
1935 general election
| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rhondda East | Harry Pollitt | 13,655 | 38.2 | 2 |
| West Fife | Willie Gallacher | 13,462 | 37.4 | 1 |
By-elections, 1935–45
| By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1939 Stretford by-election | Eric Gower | 1,514 | 5.1 | 3 |
| 1940 Silvertown by-election | Harry Pollitt | 966 | 6.2 | 2 |
| 1940 Bow and Bromley by-election | Isabel Brown | 506 | 4.2 | 2 |
| 1941 Dunbartonshire by-election | Malcolm MacEwen | 3,862 | 15.0 | 2 |
1945 general election
| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abingdon | John Clement Dix Dunman | 1,668 | 4.4 | 4 |
| Birmingham Handsworth | Jessie Eden | 1,390 | 3.4 | 5 |
| Birmingham Sparkbrook | Rajani Palme Dutt | 1,853 | 7.6 | 3 |
| Coventry East | Bill Alexander | 3,986 | 7.0 | 3 |
| Glasgow Central | Bob Cooney | 2,709 | 12.7 | 3 |
| Glasgow Shettleston | Peter Kerrigan | 4,122 | 12.3 | 4 |
| Greenock | John Ross Campbell | 5,900 | 17.2 | 3 |
| Hackney South | William Rust | 4,891 | 24.2 | 3 |
| Harrow East | Gladys Driver | 3,493 | 5.9 | 4 |
| Hornsey | George John Jones | 10,058 | 21.5 | 3 |
| Kirkcaldy Burghs | John McArthur | 2,898 | 8.5 | 4 |
| Mile End | Phil Piratin | 5,075 | 47.6 | 1 |
| Preston | Pat J. Devine | 5,168 | 3.8 | 6 |
| Rhondda East | Harry Pollitt | 15,761 | 45.5 | 2 |
| Rossendale | Bill Whittaker | 1,663 | 4.6 | 4 |
| Sevenoaks | Ken Thompson | 676 | 1.6 | 4 |
| Sheffield Brightside | Howard Hill | 4,115 | 13.0 | 3 |
| Sheffield Hallam | Gordon Herbert Cree | 2,253 | 6.7 | 4 |
| Sunderland | Tommy Richardson | 4,501 | 3.3 | 5 |
| West Fife | Willie Gallacher | 17,636 | 42.2 | 1 |
| Westminster Abbey | Gabriel Billy Carritt | 2,964 | 17.6 | 3 |
By-elections, 1945–50
| By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1948 Wigan by-election | Thomas Rowlandson | 1,647 | 3.4 | 3 |
| 1948 Glasgow Gorbals by-election | Peter Kerrigan | 4,233 | 16.9 | 3 |
| 1949 St Pancras North by-election | John Mahon | 854 | 3.0 | 3 |
1950 general election
| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aberdare | Alistair Wilson | 1,382 | 3.1 | 4 |
| Aberdeen North | Bob Cooney | 1,391 | 2.7 | 4 |
| Abingdon | John Clement Dix Dunman | 396 | 0.9 | 4 |
| Acton | Albert F. Papworth | 663 | 1.5 | 4 |
| Ashton-under-Lyne | H. H. Blackwell | 459 | 1.1 | 3 |
| Battersea North | John Mahon | 655 | 1.8 | 4 |
| Bedford | Betty Lynette Matthews | 207 | 0.5 | 4 |
| Bethnal Green | G. Midwater | 610 | 1.9 | 4 |
| Bexley | Charles Job | 481 | 0.9 | 4 |
| Birkenhead | S. Coulthard | 971 | 1.8 | 4 |
| Birmingham Northfield | Dick Etheridge | 479 | 1.0 | 4 |
| Birmingham Sparkbrook | Jim Crump | 355 | 0.9 | 3 |
| Birmingham Yardley | J. Falconer | 347 | 0.8 | 4 |
| Bradford East | H. Green | 543 | 1.2 | 4 |
| Brentford and Chiswick | Joseph Henry Parker | 401 | 1.0 | 4 |
| Bristol South East | Jack F. Webb | 524 | 1.1 | 4 |
| Burnley | Bill Whittaker | 526 | 1.0 | 3 |
| Chesterfield | Bas Barker | 554 | 1.0 | 4 |
| Cirencester and Tewkesbury | Wogan Philipps | 423 | 0.9 | 4 |
| Cities of London and Westminster | G. Billy Carritt | 888 | 1.7 | 4 |
| Clapham | G. M. Draper | 619 | 1.3 | 4 |
| Coventry East | Bill Alexander | 487 | 1.0 | 4 |
| Croydon West | Bob Jarvie | 336 | 0.7 | 4 |
| Dagenham | George Bridges | 883 | 1.5 | 4 |
| Deptford | Les Stannard | 562 | 1.3 | 4 |
| Don Valley | Sammy Taylor | 1,007 | 1.9 | 3 |
| Dover | Bob Morrison | 474 | 0.9 | 4 |
| Dundee East | Dave Bowman | 1,093 | 2.2 | 3 |
| East Ham South | E. Thomas | 401 | 1.1 | 4 |
| Edinburgh Central | Donald Renton | 646 | 1.9 | 4 |
| Eton and Slough | P. L. N. Smith | 614 | 1.5 | 4 |
| Eye | Lee Chadwick | 277 | 0.6 | 4 |
| Fulham East | R. Ellesmere | 399 | 1.1 | 4 |
| Glasgow Bridgeton | D. Kelly | 858 | 2.5 | 4 |
| Glasgow Gorbals | Peter Kerrigan | 2,426 | 5.9 | 3 |
| Glasgow Govan | William Lauchlan | 1,547 | 3.7 | 4 |
| Glasgow Scotstoun | Bob McIlhone | 1,088 | 2.6 | 4 |
| Glasgow Shettleston | Malcolm MacEwen | 1,678 | 4.1 | 3 |
| Glasgow Springburn | Robert F. Horne | 1,764 | 4.1 | 4 |
| Greenock | John Ross Campbell | 1,228 | 3.0 | 4 |
| Hackney South | John R. Betteridge | 2,199 | 3.8 | 4 |
| Hampstead | R. Gore | 1,603 | 2.8 | 4 |
| Harrow East | Bill Seaman | 633 | 1.2 | 4 |
| Hayes and Harlington | Frank Foster | 593 | 1.6 | 4 |
| Hendon North | Marjorie Pollitt | 918 | 2.0 | 4 |
| Hornsey | George John Jones | 1,191 | 1.9 | 4 |
| Huyton | Leo McGree | 387 | 0.9 | 4 |
| Ilford South | Dave Kelly | 913 | 1.6 | 4 |
| Islington South West | Alfred Bender | 834 | 1.8 | 4 |
| Kensington North | M. J. Eyre | 551 | 1.3 | 4 |
| Kettering | L. P. O'Connor | 368 | 0.6 | 4 |
| Kilmarnock | Isabel Brown | 860 | 2.2 | 4 |
| Leeds North East | Bert Ramelson | 612 | 1.6 | 4 |
| Leicester North East | Frederick C. Westacott | 327 | 0.7 | 4 |
| Lewisham South | J. W. Jones | 635 | 1.3 | 4 |
| Liverpool Scotland | Jack Coward | 615 | 1.4 | 3 |
| Manchester Blackley | Ben Ainley | 562 | 1.1 | 4 |
| Manchester Gorton | Syd Abbott | 873 | 1.7 | 4 |
| Manchester Wythenshawe | Frances Dean | 588 | 1.3 | 4 |
| Mansfield | Les Ellis | 482 | 0.9 | 4 |
| Middlesbrough East | N. Levy | 367 | 0.8 | 4 |
| Motherwell | R. Henderson | 1,007 | 2.4 | 4 |
| Neath | Alun Thomas | 1,584 | 3.5 | 4 |
| Newcastle-upon-Tyne East | R. McNair | 492 | 0.9 | 3 |
| Nottingham North West | Arthur West | 719 | 1.5 | 4 |
| Ogmore | Mavis Llewellyn | 1,691 | 3.5 | 3 |
| Oldham West | W. Mawdsley | 438 | 0.9 | 4 |
| Oxford | Ernest Keeling | 494 | 0.8 | 4 |
| Paddington North | Daniel Cohen | 417 | 1.2 | 4 |
| Peckham | T. Gibson | 886 | 1.8 | 4 |
| Poplar | H. Watson | 540 | 1.4 | 4 |
| Portsmouth West | George Swanton | 251 | 0.5 | 3 |
| Preston North | P. J. Devine | 366 | 0.8 | 4 |
| Rhondda East | Harry Pollitt | 4,463 | 12.7 | 2 |
| St Pancras North | T. Aherne | 967 | 1.9 | 4 |
| Sheffield Brightside | Howard Hill | 1,081 | 2.3 | 3 |
| Sheffield Hillsborough | M. Bennett | 759 | 1.5 | 3 |
| Sheffield Park | Arthur Fullard | 909 | 2.0 | 3 |
| Shipley | L. T. Robb | 237 | 0.6 | 4 |
| Southall | J. A. Purton | 839 | 1.7 | 4 |
| South Shields | F. O. Smith | 415 | 0.7 | 4 |
| Southwark | Joe Bent | 668 | 1.3 | 4 |
| Stalybridge and Hyde | D. P. Herrick | 389 | 0.8 | 4 |
| Stepney | Phil Piratin | 5,991 | 12.5 | 3 |
| Stirling and Falkirk | G. McAlister | 801 | 1.8 | 4 |
| Swindon | Ike Gradwell | 295 | 0.7 | 4 |
| Totnes | Edwin Tapscott | 423 | 0.8 | 4 |
| Tottenham | G. Cross | 802 | 1.5 | 4 |
| Vauxhall | Margot Heinemann | 508 | 1.3 | 4 |
| Warrington | James Joseph Grady | 496 | 1.1 | 4 |
| Wembley South | N. Gill | 430 | 1.0 | 4 |
| West Dunbartonshire | Finlay Hart | 1,198 | 2.9 | 3 |
| West Fife | Willie Gallacher | 9,301 | 21.6 | 3 |
| West Ham South | W. Norris | 730 | 1.6 | 4 |
| West Lothian | J. Borrowman | 664 | 1.5 | 4 |
| Wigan | Thomas Rowlandson | 1,243 | 2.4 | 4 |
| Willesden West | David Michaelson | 938 | 1.7 | 4 |
| Woodford | William George Philip Brooks | 827 | 1.3 | 4 |
| Woolwich East | Rajani Palme Dutt | 601 | 1.4 | 4 |
| Wycombe | Elizabeth Rose Leigh | 199 | 0.4 | 4 |
By-elections, 1950–51
| By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 Sheffield Neepsend by-election | Bill Moore | 729 | 2.4 | 3 |
1951 general election
| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dundee West | Dave Bowman | 1,508 | 2.7 | 3 |
| East Dunbartonshire | Arnold Henderson | 2,158 | 4.1 | 3 |
| Glasgow Gorbals | Peter Kerrigan | 2,553 | 6.2 | 3 |
| Hackney South | John Betteridge | 1,744 | 3.0 | 3 |
| Lewisham South | John Mahon | 578 | 1.2 | 3 |
| Rhondda East | Idris Cox | 2,948 | 8.6 | 3 |
| Sheffield Brightside | Howard Hill | 1,116 | 2.5 | 3 |
| Stepney | Ted Bramley | 3,436 | 7.3 | 3 |
| West Fife | William Lauchlan | 4,728 | 10.5 | 3 |
| Woodford | John Ross Campbell | 871 | 1.3 | 3 |
By-elections, 1951–55
| By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1954 Motherwell by-election | John Gollan | 1,457 | 4.3 | 3 |
1955 general election
| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birmingham Perry Barr | Bert Pearce | 928 | 2.5 | 3 |
| Dundee West | Dave Bowman | 1,335 | 2.6 | 3 |
| East Dunbartonshire | Arnold Henderson | 2,448 | 4.9 | 3 |
| Glasgow Gorbals | Peter Kerrigan | 2,491 | 6.8 | 3 |
| Glasgow Springburn | Finlay Hart | 1,532 | 5.5 | 3 |
| Hackney North and Stoke Newington | Aubrey Morris | 1,525 | 3.4 | 4 |
| Hackney Central | John Betteridge | 1,530 | 3.5 | 3 |
| Hayes and Harlington | Frank Foster | 886 | 2.6 | 3 |
| Hornsey | George John Jones | 1,442 | 2.6 | 3 |
| Nottingham North | John Peck | 916 | 1.9 | 3 |
| Rhondda East | Annie Powell | 4,544 | 15.1 | 2 |
| St Pancras North | Jock Nicolson | 1,303 | 3.0 | 3 |
| Sheffield Brightside | Howard Hill | 1,461 | 3.5 | 3 |
| Southwark | Joe Bent | 959 | 2.4 | 3 |
| Stepney | Solly Kaye | 2,888 | 7.6 | 3 |
| West Fife | William Lauchlan | 4,728 | 10.5 | 3 |
| Wigan | Thomas Rowlandson | 1,567 | 3.4 | 3 |
By-elections, 1955–59
| By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1958 Wigan by-election | Mick Weaver | 972 | 2.5 | 3 |
1959 general election
| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birmingham Perry Barr | Bert Pearce | 424 | 1.1 | 4 |
| Dundee West | Dave Bowman | 1,087 | 2.1 | 3 |
| East Dunbartonshire | Arnold Henderson | 2,200 | 4.0 | 3 |
| Glasgow Gorbals | Peter Kerrigan | 1,932 | 5.9 | 3 |
| Glasgow Govan | Gordon McLennan | 1,869 | 4.9 | 4 |
| Glasgow Springburn | Finlay Hart | 1,235 | 4.5 | 3 |
| Hayes and Harlington | Frank Foster | 527 | 1.4 | 4 |
| Hornsey | George John Jones | 1,107 | 2.0 | 4 |
| Neath | Jim David | 1,962 | 4.6 | 3 |
| Nottingham North | John Peck | 1,331 | 2.6 | 4 |
| Rhondda East | Annie Powell | 4,580 | 14.5 | 2 |
| St Pancras North | Jock Nicolson | 1,230 | 3.0 | 4 |
| Sheffield Brightside | Howard Hill | 1,373 | 3.3 | 3 |
| Southwark | Joe Bent | 1,395 | 3.6 | 3 |
| Stepney | Solly Kaye | 2,548 | 6.7 | 3 |
| West Fife | William Lauchlan | 3,828 | 8.4 | 4 |
| Wigan | Mick Weaver | 945 | 2.0 | 3 |
| Willesden West | Les Burt | 1,324 | 3.0 | 3 |
By-elections, 1959–64
| By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1962 West Lothian by-election | Gordon McLennan | 1,511 | 3.6 | 5 |
| 1963 Swansea East by-election | Bert Pearce | 773 | 2.5 | 6 |
| 1963 Leeds South by-election | Bert Ramelson | 670 | 2.2 | 4 |
| 1963 Luton by-election | Tony Chater | 490 | 1.1 | 4 |
| 1963 Dundee West by-election | Dave Bowman | 1,170 | 2.6 | 4 |
| 1963 Manchester Openshaw by-election | Eddie Marsden | 1,185 | 4.9 | 3 |
1964 general election
1966 general election
| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aberavon | Julian Tudor Hart | 1,620 | 3.6 | 3 |
| Aberdare | Alistair Wilson | 2,305 | 6.4 | 4 |
| Aberdeen North | Margaret Rose | 719 | 1.7 | 4 |
| Battersea North | Gladys Easton | 650 | 3.0 | 3 |
| Birkenhead | Barry Williams | 604 | 1.5 | 3 |
| Birmingham Northfield | Derek Robinson | 1,029 | 1.6 | 3 |
| Birmingham Small Heath | George Jelf | 477 | 1.8 | 3 |
| Birmingham Stechford | Bill Dunn | 998 | 2.6 | 3 |
| Bothwell | Thomas Woods | 1,209 | 2.7 | 3 |
| Bristol North West | Brian Underwood | 595 | 1.2 | 3 |
| Coventry East | Harry Bourne | 1,368 | 2.3 | 4 |
| Dagenham | George Wake | 1,373 | 2.9 | 3 |
| Dundee West | Dave Bowman | 1,217 | 2.5 | 4 |
| East Dunbartonshire | Jimmy Reid | 1,548 | 2.5 | 4 |
| Eccles | Michael Bennett | 1,239 | 3.0 | 3 |
| Edinburgh Leith | Honor Arundel | 279 | 1.0 | 3 |
| Erith and Crayford | Laurie Smith | 556 | 1.3 | 4 |
| Fulham | Peter Robson | 256 | 0.7 | 4 |
| Glasgow Gorbals | Margaret Hunter | 819 | 4.1 | 3 |
| Glasgow Govan | Gordon McLennan | 1,378 | 4.4 | 3 |
| Glasgow Provan | John Jackson | 988 | 2.3 | 3 |
| Glasgow Scotstoun | Hugh Boyd | 2,395 | 5.4 | 3 |
| Glasgow Springburn | Neil McLellan | 867 | 3.7 | 4 |
| Goole | William Carr | 952 | 2.3 | 3 |
| Greenock | William Dunn | 702 | 2.1 | 4 |
| Hackney North and Stoke Newington | Monty Goldman | 1,491 | 4.2 | 3 |
| Hayes and Harlington | Frank Stanley | 698 | 2.1 | 3 |
| Hornsey | Max Morris | 1,184 | 2.5 | 4 |
| Islington South West | John Moss | 756 | 3.0 | 5 |
| Leeds South | Bert Ramelson | 714 | 2.1 | 3 |
| Liverpool Scotland | Tom Cassin | 779 | 3.9 | 3 |
| Llanelli | Bob Hitchon | 1,211 | 2.6 | 4 |
| Luton | Tony Chater | 586 | 1.2 | 4 |
| Manchester Openshaw | Eddie Marsden | 1,479 | 4.3 | 3 |
| Mansfield | Fred Westacott | 590 | 1.3 | 4 |
| Mitcham | Sid French | 580 | 1.1 | 4 |
| Motherwell | James Sneddon | 1,508 | 4.1 | 3 |
| Neath | Jim David | 1,632 | 4.2 | 3 |
| Newcastle-upon-Tyne Central | Tom Welch | 404 | 1.6 | 3 |
| Nottingham North | John Peck | 1,070 | 2.1 | 3 |
| Pontypool | Eddie Jones | 897 | 2.5 | 3 |
| Rhondda East | Annie Powell | 2,349 | 8.4 | 2 |
| Rhondda West | Arthur True | 1,853 | 7.4 | 4 |
| St Pancras North | Jock Nicolson | 1,253 | 3.8 | 3 |
| Sheffield Brightside | Howard Hill | 989 | 2.8 | 3 |
| Sheffield Park | Cyril Morton | 1,022 | 3.3 | 3 |
| Southwark | Joe Bent | 1,404 | 4.7 | 3 |
| Stepney | Solly Kaye | 2,209 | 7.3 | 3 |
| Stirling and Falkirk | P. McIntosh | 767 | 1.7 | 4 |
| Stockton-on-Tees | Ernest Jones | 710 | 1.8 | 3 |
| Stoke-on-Trent South | Sam Lomas | 2,262 | 5.1 | 3 |
| Swansea East | Bill Jones | 902 | 2.2 | 4 |
| Swindon | Ike Gradwell | 838 | 2.0 | 3 |
| West Fife | Archie Macmillan | 1,542 | 3.6 | 4 |
| West Lothian | Irene Swan | 567 | 1.1 | 4 |
| Wigan | Mick Weaver | 858 | 2.2 | 3 |
| Willesden West | Les Burt | 1,140 | 3.1 | 3 |
By-elections, 1966–70
| By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1967 Glasgow Pollok by-election | Alexander Murray | 694 | 1.8 | 5 |
| 1967 Rhondda West by-election | Arthur True | 1,723 | 6.8 | 3 |
| 1967 Manchester Gorton by-election | Victor Eddisford | 437 | 1.0 | 5 |
| 1968 Sheffield Brightside by-election | Robert Wilkinson | 1,069 | 4.2 | 3 |
| 1969 Glasgow Gorbals by-election | John Kay | 361 | 2.5 | 4 |
| 1969 Swindon by-election | Judith Gradwell | 1,723 | 1.3 | 4 |
1970 general election
| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aberavon | Julian Tudor Hart | 1,102 | 2.4 | 4 |
| Aberdare | Alistair Wilson | 1,317 | 3.5 | 4 |
| Aberdeen North | Margaret Rose | 521 | 1.2 | 5 |
| Acton | Maurice Costin | 258 | 0.9 | 4 |
| Battersea North | D. Welsh | 179 | 1.0 | 4 |
| Birkenhead | Barry Williams | 351 | 0.9 | 4 |
| Birmingham Northfield | Derek Robinson | 605 | 0.9 | 3 |
| Birmingham Stechford | Sidney Pegg | 298 | 0.7 | 4 |
| Bristol North West | W. E. Williams | 227 | 0.5 | 4 |
| Coventry East | John Hosey | 841 | 1.4 | 3 |
| Dagenham | George Wake | 982 | 2.2 | 3 |
| Dundee West | Harry McLevy | 809 | 1.6 | 4 |
| Dunfermline | John Neilson | 462 | 1.2 | 4 |
| East Dunbartonshire | Jimmy Reid | 1,656 | 2.3 | 5 |
| Eccles | Terry Keenan | 643 | 1.5 | 3 |
| Edinburgh Leith | Irene Swan | 413 | 1.0 | 4 |
| Glasgow Gorbals | John Kay | 376 | 2.5 | 4 |
| Glasgow Govan | Thomas Biggam | 326 | 1.5 | 4 |
| Glasgow Provan | John Jackson | 601 | 1.4 | 4 |
| Glasgow Scotstoun | Hugh Boyd | 846 | 1.8 | 4 |
| Glasgow Springburn | Neil McLellan | 423 | 1.8 | 4 |
| Greenock | William Dunn | 559 | 1.6 | 3 |
| Hackney North and Stoke Newington | Monty Goldman | 793 | 2.4 | 3 |
| Hayes and Harlington | Peter Pink | 372 | 1.1 | 3 |
| Hornsey | Max Morris | 624 | 1.4 | 4 |
| Huddersfield East | Ethel Beresford | 308 | 0.8 | 4 |
| Huyton | Joe Kenny | 890 | 1.2 | 4 |
| Islington South West | Marie Betteridge | 509 | 2.4 | 4 |
| Lanark | David McDowall | 1,273 | 1.9 | 4 |
| Leeds East | Joan Bellamy | 513 | 1.0 | 3 |
| Leeds South East | Bernard Scott | 198 | 1.1 | 4 |
| Liverpool Exchange | Roger O'Hara | 775 | 4.2 | 3 |
| Llanelli | Bob Hitchon | 603 | 1.2 | 5 |
| Luton | Tony Chater | 447 | 1.0 | 3 |
| Manchester Openshaw | Bernard Panter | 552 | 1.7 | 3 |
| Mansfield | Fred Westacott | 628 | 1.4 | 3 |
| Mitcham | Sid French | 638 | 1.3 | 3 |
| Motherwell | James Sneddon | 1,829 | 4.7 | 4 |
| Neath | Bert Pearce | 579 | 1.5 | 4 |
| Nottingham North | John Peck | 741 | 1.5 | 4 |
| Pontypool | B. Watkinson | 435 | 1.1 | 4 |
| Rhondda East | Arthur Jones | 659 | 2.3 | 4 |
| Rhondda West | Arthur True | 1,201 | 4.8 | 3 |
| St Pancras North | Gordon McLennan | 670 | 2.4 | 3 |
| Sheffield Brightside | Gordon Ashberry | 665 | 2.0 | 3 |
| Sheffield Park | Cyril Morton | 637 | 2.1 | 3 |
| Southwark | E. Hume | 1,128 | 4.5 | 3 |
| Stepney | Solly Kaye | 1,468 | 5.8 | 3 |
| Stockton-on-Tees | Ernest Jones | 369 | 0.9 | 3 |
| Stoke-on-Trent South | Sam Lomas | 364 | 1.1 | 3 |
| Swansea East | Bill Jones | 563 | 1.4 | 4 |
| Swindon | Ike Gradwell | 456 | 1.0 | 3 |
| Walsall North | Don Brayford | 597 | 1.2 | 3 |
| West Fife | Marie Betteridge | 855 | 1.7 | 4 |
| West Lothian | Chris Bett | 459 | 0.8 | 4 |
| Wigan | Jack Kay | 672 | 1.6 | 3 |
| Willesden West | Les Burt | 515 | 1.6 | 3 |
| Wolverhampton South West | Pete Carter | 189 | 0.5 | 4 |
By-elections, 1970–74
| By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1972 Merthyr Tydfil by-election | Arthur Lewis Jones | 1,519 | 4.7 | 4 |
February 1974 general election
| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aberdare | Alistair Wilson | 1,038 | 2.6 | 4 |
| Birmingham Northfield | Derek Robinson | 368 | 0.7 | 4 |
| Bootle | Ronald Morris | 586 | 1.3 | 4 |
| Bothwell | David Bolton | 562 | 1.2 | 5 |
| Brent South | Les Burt | 380 | 0.9 | 5 |
| Central Dunbartonshire | Jimmy Reid | 5,928 | 14.6 | 3 |
| Central Fife | Alex Maxwell | 2,019 | 4.4 | 4 |
| Clackmannan and Eastern Stirlingshire | George Bolton | 322 | 0.6 | 4 |
| Coventry North East | John Hosey | 838 | 1.8 | 4 |
| Dagenham | George Wake | 1,169 | 2.4 | 3 |
| Dundee West | Harry McLevy | 673 | 1.3 | 4 |
| East Kilbride | David McDowell | 693 | 1.3 | 4 |
| Eccles | Terry Keenan | 404 | 0.9 | 4 |
| Edinburgh East | Irene Swan | 274 | 0.6 | 5 |
| Glasgow Garscadden | Sammy Barr | 635 | 1.6 | 4 |
| Glasgow Pollok | Thomas Biggam | 377 | 0.8 | 4 |
| Glasgow Provan | John Jackson | 749 | 2.0 | 4 |
| Glasgow Queen's Park | John Kay | 372 | 1.3 | 4 |
| Glasgow Springburn | Neil McLellan | 478 | 1.4 | 4 |
| Greenock and Port Glasgow | Alexander Murray | 483 | 1.1 | 5 |
| Hackney North and Stoke Newington | Monty Goldman | 532 | 1.6 | 5 |
| Huddersfield East | Tony Drake | 246 | 0.6 | 5 |
| Islington South and Finsbury | Marie Betteridge | 492 | 1.8 | 4 |
| Leeds South East | Bill Innes | 405 | 1.2 | 4 |
| Liverpool Scotland Exchange | Roger O'Hara | 505 | 2.5 | 4 |
| Llanelli | Bob Hitchon | 507 | 1.0 | 5 |
| Manchester Openshaw | Philip Widdall | 312 | 1.0 | 5 |
| Mansfield | Fred Westacott | 675 | 1.3 | 3 |
| Merthyr Tydfil | Arthur Lewis Jones | 369 | 1.2 | 5 |
| Mitcham and Morden | Sid French | 507 | 1.0 | 4 |
| Motherwell and Wishaw | James Sneddon | 1,066 | 2.7 | 4 |
| Nottingham North | John Peck | 754 | 1.3 | 4 |
| Pontypool | Graham Williams | 498 | 1.2 | 5 |
| Rhondda | Arthur True | 1,374 | 2.6 | 5 |
| St Pancras North | Gordon McLennan | 466 | 1.7 | 4 |
| Sheffield Brightside | Vi Gill | 513 | 1.3 | 4 |
| Sheffield Park | Cyril Morton | 521 | 1.1 | 4 |
| Stepney and Poplar | Kevin Halpin | 1,278 | 3.6 | 3 |
| Stockton-on-Tees | Ernest Jones | 791 | 1.2 | 3 |
| Stoke-on-Trent South | Sam Lomas | 489 | 0.9 | 4 |
| Swansea East | Bill Jones | 507 | 1.2 | 4 |
| Tooting | Lou Lewis | 337 | 0.9 | 4 |
| Walsall North | Joe Richards | 819 | 1.6 | 3 |
| West Lothian | Chris Bett | 438 | 0.7 | 4 |
October 1974 general election
| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aberdare | Alistair Wilson | 1,028 | 2.7 | 5 |
| Birmingham Northfield | Derek Robinson | 180 | 0.3 | 5 |
| Bootle | Ronald Morris | 516 | 1.2 | 4 |
| Central Dunbartonshire | Jimmy Reid | 3,417 | 8.7 | 4 |
| Central Fife | Alex Maxwell | 1,040 | 2.4 | 4 |
| Coventry North East | John Hosey | 309 | 0.7 | 5 |
| Dagenham | George Wake | 569 | 1.3 | 4 |
| Dundee West | Harry McLevy | 381 | 0.8 | 5 |
| Eccles | Terry Keenan | 348 | 0.8 | 4 |
| Edinburgh East | Irene Swan | 213 | 0.5 | 5 |
| Glasgow Provan | John Jackson | 503 | 1.4 | 4 |
| Glasgow Queen's Park | John Kay | 354 | 1.4 | 5 |
| Glasgow Springburn | Neil McLellan | 352 | 1.1 | 5 |
| Hackney North and Stoke Newington | Monty Goldman | 418 | 1.5 | 5 |
| Islington South and Finsbury | Marie Betteridge | 512 | 2.2 | 4 |
| Leeds South East | Bill Innes | 317 | 1.1 | 4 |
| Liverpool Scotland Exchange | Roger O'Hara | 556 | 2.9 | 4 |
| Manchester Openshaw | Philip Widdall | 300 | 1.0 | 4 |
| Mansfield | Fred Westacott | 448 | 0.9 | 4 |
| Merthyr Tydfil | Tom Roberts | 509 | 1.7 | 5 |
| Mitcham and Morden | Sid French | 281 | 0.6 | 4 |
| Motherwell and Wishaw | James Sneddon | 946 | 2.4 | 5 |
| Nottingham North | John Peck | 525 | 1.0 | 5 |
| Rhondda | Arthur True | 1,404 | 2.8 | 5 |
| Sheffield Park | Cyril Morton | 403 | 1.0 | 4 |
| Stepney and Poplar | Kevin Halpin | 617 | 2.0 | 4 |
| Tooting | Lou Lewis | 268 | 0.8 | 4 |
| Walsall North | Joe Richards | 465 | 1.0 | 4 |
| West Lothian | Chris Bett | 247 | 0.4 | 5 |
By-elections, 1974–79
| By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1978 Glasgow Garscadden by-election | Sammy Barr | 407 | 1.1 | 5 |
1979 general election
| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aberavon | Gerald Rowden | 406 | 0.8 | 5 |
| Aberdare | Mary Winter | 518 | 1.4 | 4 |
| Birmingham Sparkbrook | Roger Murray | 715 | 2.4 | 3 |
| Cardiff Central | Richard Spencer | 112 | 0.3 | 6 |
| Central Dunbartonshire | Daniel McCafferty | 1,017 | 2.6 | 5 |
| Central Fife | Alex Maxwell | 1,172 | 2.5 | 4 |
| Coventry North East | Paul Corrigan | 390 | 0.8 | 5 |
| Dagenham | Dan Connor | 553 | 1.2 | 5 |
| Dundee West | Raymond Mennie | 316 | 0.6 | 4 |
| East Kilbride | David McDowell | 658 | 1.1 | 4 |
| Eccles | Terry Keenan | 368 | 0.8 | 4 |
| Edinburgh East | Carol Downes | 173 | 0.4 | 4 |
| Flint East | Glyn Davies | 307 | 0.5 | 5 |
| Glasgow Garscadden | Sammy Barr | 374 | 1.0 | 4 |
| Glasgow Maryhill | Peter Smith | 287 | 0.8 | 5 |
| Glasgow Provan | John Jackson | 377 | 1.1 | 4 |
| Glasgow Queen's Park | John Kay | 263 | 1.1 | 4 |
| Hackney North and Stoke Newington | Monty Goldman | 440 | 1.5 | 5 |
| Hayes and Harlington | John Mansfield | 249 | 0.6 | 5 |
| Islington South and Finsbury | Marie Betteridge | 330 | 1.4 | 5 |
| Leeds South East | James Rodgers | 190 | 0.7 | 4 |
| Liverpool Scotland Exchange | Roger O'Hara | 421 | 2.3 | 4 |
| Llanelli | Bob Hitchon | 617 | 1.2 | 5 |
| Luton East | Tom Mitchell | 107 | 0.3 | 5 |
| Manchester Openshaw | Philip Widdall | 174 | 0.6 | 4 |
| Merthyr Tydfil | Chris Dennett | 223 | 0.7 | 5 |
| Motherwell and Wishaw | James Sneddon | 740 | 1.9 | 4 |
| Norwich North | Andy Panes | 106 | 0.3 | 6 |
| Nottingham North | John Peck | 1,071 | 2.0 | 4 |
| Paisley | June Tait | 145 | 0.3 | 5 |
| Rhondda | Arthur True | 1,819 | 3.6 | 4 |
| Sheffield Park | Gordon Ashberry | 279 | 0.7 | 5 |
| Stepney and Poplar | Kevin Halpin | 413 | 1.3 | 6 |
| Stockton-on-Tees | Jim Smith | 243 | 0.4 | 6 |
| Swansea East | Bill Jones | 308 | 0.7 | 4 |
| Tooting | Lou Lewis | 233 | 0.7 | 5 |
| West Lothian | Bill Sneddon | 404 | 0.6 | 4 |
By-elections, 1979–83
| By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1982 Birmingham Northfield by-election | Peter Sheppard | 349 | 0.8 | 5 |
| 1982 Glasgow Queen's Park by-election | John Kay | 339 | 2.1 | 4 |
| 1983 Bermondsey by-election | Robert Gordon | 50 | 0.2 | 10 |
1983 general election
| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bethnal Green and Stepney | J. Rees | 243 | 0.8 | 5 |
| Birmingham Edgbaston | P. A. Davies | 169 | 0.5 | 6 |
| Birmingham Northfield | Peter Sheppard | 420 | 0.8 | 4 |
| Bristol South | A. Chester | 224 | 0.5 | 5 |
| City of London and Westminster South | A. Spence | 161 | 0.5 | 6 |
| Clydebank and Milngavie | Jim Bollan | 308 | 0.8 | 5 |
| Coventry North East | John Meacham | 193 | 0.4 | 5 |
| Dagenham | D. Walshe | 141 | 0.4 | 5 |
| Dunfermline East | Alex Maxwell | 864 | 2.4 | 5 |
| Ealing Acton | S. Pulley | 192 | 0.4 | 4 |
| East Kilbride | W. Doolan | 256 | 0.5 | 5 |
| Eccles | B. Cottam | 485 | 1.0 | 4 |
| Edinburgh Central | D. Carson | 119 | 0.3 | 5 |
| Falkirk East | Fiona McGregor | 334 | 0.9 | 5 |
| Glasgow Central | J. P. McGoldrick | 347 | 1.1 | 5 |
| Glasgow Garscadden | Sammy Barr | 218 | 0.6 | 5 |
| Glasgow Maryhill | P. Smith | 274 | 0.8 | 5 |
| Glasgow Provan | I. Jackson | 294 | 1.0 | 5 |
| Greenwich | F. Hooks | 149 | 0.4 | 6 |
| Hackney North and Stoke Newington | Monty Goldman | 426 | 1.2 | 5 |
| Hackney South and Shoreditch | Dave Green | 246 | 0.6 | 8 |
| Leeds Central | J. M. Rogers | 314 | 0.8 | 5 |
| Lewisham East | Geoff Roberts | 135 | 0.3 | 6 |
| Linlithgow | M. Parnell | 199 | 0.5 | 5 |
| Liverpool Riverside | John C. Blevin | 261 | 0.7 | 4 |
| Llanelli | Bob Hitchon | 371 | 0.8 | 5 |
| Manchester Gorton | Malcolm Cowle | 333 | 0.8 | 4 |
| Nottingham North | John Peck | 1,184 | 2.5 | 4 |
| Rhondda | Arthur True | 1,350 | 2.8 | 5 |
| Sheffield Central | Vi Gill | 296 | 0.7 | 4 |
| Swansea East | Bill Jones | 294 | 0.7 | 5 |
| Thurrock | J. Paul | 199 | 0.4 | 6 |
| Tooting | R. E. Lewis | 181 | 0.4 | 6 |
| Vauxhall | Dave Cook | 199 | 0.5 | 6 |
| Warley East | H. S. Randhawa | 217 | 0.6 | 4 |
By-elections, 1983–87
| By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1984 Cynon Valley by-election | Mary Winter | 642 | 1.9 | 5 |
1987 general election
| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bethnal Green and Stepney | Sarah Louise Gasquoine | 232 | 0.7 | 4 |
| Birmingham Small Heath | Peter Raymond Sheppard | 154 | 0.5 | 5 |
| Bristol West | Veronica Ralph | 134 | 0.3 | 5 |
| Coventry North East | Tom McNally | 310 | 0.7 | 4 |
| Dundee West | Steve Matthewson | 308 | 0.7 | 5 |
| Glasgow Central | John Patrick McGoldrick | 265 | 0.8 | 6 |
| Glasgow Govan | Douglas Chalmers | 237 | 0.6 | 5 |
| Greenwich | Patricia Clinton | 58 | 0.2 | 6 |
| Hackney South and Shoreditch | Dave Green | 403 | 1.0 | 4 |
| Leeds Central | Bill Innes | 355 | 0.9 | 4 |
| Linlithgow | John Glassford | 154 | 0.3 | 5 |
| Liverpool Riverside | Katherine Anne Gardner | 601 | 1.7 | 4 |
| Motherwell South | Robert Somerville | 223 | 0.6 | 5 |
| Newcastle-upon-Tyne East | Joseph Keith | 362 | 0.9 | 4 |
| Nottingham North | John Peck | 879 | 1.7 | 4 |
| Rhondda | Arthur True | 869 | 1.8 | 5 |
| Sheffield Central | Keith Edward Petts | 203 | 0.5 | 5 |
| Southwark and Bermondsey | Peter Nigel Power | 108 | 0.3 | 4 |
| Vauxhall | Dave Cook | 223 | 0.5 | 5 |
By-elections, 1987–90
| By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1988 Glasgow Govan by-election | Douglas Chalmers | 281 | 0.9 | 6 |
| 1989 Pontypridd by-election | Dave Richards | 239 | 0.6 | 6 |
References
- ↑ Craig, F. W. S. (1968). British Parliamentary Election Statistics 1918-1968. Glasgow: Political Reference Publications. p. 46. ISBN 0900178000.
- ↑ Craig, F. W. S. (1968). British Parliamentary Election Statistics 1918-1968. Glasgow: Political Reference Publications. pp. 1–18. ISBN 0900178000.
- ↑ Klugmann, James (1968). History of the Communist Party of Great Britain. London: Lawrence and Wishart. pp. 182–183.
- 1 2 Klugmann, James (1968). History of the Communist Party of Great Britain. London: Lawrence and Wishart. pp. 234–235.
- 1 2 Craig, F. W. S. (1968). British Parliamentary Election Statistics 1918-1968. Glasgow: Political Reference Publications. p. 56. ISBN 0900178000.
- ↑ Klugmann, James (1968). History of the Communist Party of Great Britain. London: Lawrence and Wishart. pp. 360–362.
- ↑ Klugmann, James (1968). History of the Communist Party of Great Britain. London: Lawrence and Wishart. pp. 367–368.
- F. W. S. Craig, Chronology of British Parliamentary By-elections 1833–1987
- Craig, F. W. S. (1975). Minor Parties in British By-elections, 1885–1974. London: Macmillan Press. pp. 18–31.
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