Scarba
Scottish Gaelic nameSgarba
Pronunciation[ˈs̪kaɾapə] ⓘ
Old Norse nameSkarpoe
Meaning of nameOld Norse for "sharp, stony, hilly terrain"
Cruach Scarba
Cruach Scarba
Location

Scarba locator map in the Inner Hebrides
Scarba is located in Argyll and Bute
Scarba
Scarba
Scarba shown within Argyll and Bute
OS grid referenceNM690044
Coordinates56°10′37″N 5°43′12″W / 56.177°N 5.72°W / 56.177; -5.72
Physical geography
Island groupIslay
Area1,474 ha (5+3⁄4 sq mi)
Area rank39 [1]
Highest elevationCruach Scarba 449 m (1,473 ft)
Administration
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
CountryScotland
Council areaArgyll and Bute
Demographics
PopulationNot permanently inhabited since the 1960s
Largest settlementKilmory Lodge
Lymphad
References[2][3][4]

Scarba (Scottish Gaelic: Sgarba) is an island, in Argyll and Bute, Scotland, just north of the much larger island of Jura. The island has not been permanently inhabited since the 1960s.[3] Until his death in 2013 it was owned by Richard Hill, 7th Baron Sandys; its owner now is Shane Cadzow who farms Luing cattle on the nearby island of Luing[5] and grazes some of the cattle on Scarba.[6] Kilmory Lodge is used seasonally as a shooting lodge, the island having a flourishing herd of red deer.

The island's name is from the Norse and may mean "sharp, stony, hilly terrain"[3] or "cormorant island".[7]

Description

Cruach Scarba
(Scottish Gaelic: 'Cruach Sgarba')
Highest point
Elevation449 m (1,473 ft)
Prominence449 m (1,473 ft)
ListingMarilyn
Naming
English translationHill of Scarba
Language of nameGaelic
Pronunciationˈkʰɾuəx ˈs̪kaɾapəⓘ
Geography
LocationInner Hebrides, Scotland
OS gridNM690044
Topo mapOS Landranger 55

Scarba is not served by any public ferries, but access from Craobh Haven or Crinan Harbour is possible by arrangement with local boatmen. The rough summit ridge can be accessed from the harbour at the north end, from where a vehicle track leads up past Kilmory Lodge to a height of about 200 metres. After that, there are no paths or well defined routes, and the terrain becomes rough and boggy. The island rises steeply to a peak (Cruach Scarba) of 449 metres (1,473 ft). A cylindrical triangulation point marks the highest of several summits, which are surrounded by several small lochs.

Geology

The western two-thirds of Scarba is formed from the Neoproterozoic aged coarse-grained quartzites of the Jura Quartzite Formation ascribed to the Islay Subgroup of the Dalradian Argyll Group. Separated from these rocks by a north–south aligned geological fault, the bedrock of the eastern third is the Neoproterozoic Scarba Conglomerate Formation, and the subordinate Jura Slate Member belonging to the Easdale Subgroup of the Argyll Group. North-south aligned dykes of amphibolite are found throughout the Jura Quartzite whilst lamprophyre dykes of Siluro-Devonian age and basalt and micro-gabbro dykes forming part of the Palaeogene age ‘Mull Dyke Swarm’ cut through both the Quartzite in the west and the conglomerate in the east. Raised marine deposits of sand and gravel occur on the northeast coast, a legacy of late Quaternary changes in relative sea-level. Peat deposits are common within the island's interior.[8][9]

Corryvreckan

The whirlpool, with Scarba in the background

Between Scarba and Jura lies the Gulf of Corryvreckan, known for its whirlpool. Writing in 1549, Dean Monro wrote of "Skarbay" that between it and "Duray":

Ther runnes ane streame, above the power of all sailing and rowing, with infinite dangers, callit Corybrekan. This stream is aught myle lang, quhilk may not be hantit bot be certain tyds. This Skarbay is four myles lange from the west to the eist, and an myle breadth, ane high rough yle, inhabit and manurit, with some woods in it.[10]

Scarba and a few nearby islets (Lunga and the Garvellachs) are collectively the Scarba, Lunga and the Garvellachs National Scenic Area, one of 40 such areas in Scotland, which are defined so as to identify areas of exceptional scenery and to ensure its protection by restricting certain forms of development.[11]

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Area and population ranks: there are c. 300 islands over 20 ha in extent and 93 permanently inhabited islands were listed in the 2011 census.
  2. ↑ National Records of Scotland (15 August 2013). "Appendix 2: Population and households on Scotland's Inhabited Islands" (PDF). Statistical Bulletin: 2011 Census: First Results on Population and Household Estimates for Scotland Release 1C (Part Two) (PDF) (Report). SG/2013/126. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  3. 1 2 3 Haswell-Smith (2004) p. 60
  4. ↑ Ordnance Survey. OS Maps Online (Map). 1:25,000. Leisure.
  5. ↑ "Property Map | Who Owns Scotland".
  6. ↑ "The 'In Thing' is Luing". 26 August 2020.
  7. ↑ Mac an Tàilleir (2003) p. 104
  8. ↑ "Onshore Geoindex". British Geological Survey. British Geological Survey. Retrieved 5 February 2020.
  9. ↑ "Kilmartin, Scotland sheet 36, Bedrock and Superficial deposits". BGS large map images. British Geological Survey. Retrieved 5 February 2020.
  10. ↑ Monro (1594) "Skarbay" No. 16
  11. ↑ "National Scenic Areas". Scottish Natural Heritage. Retrieved 24 May 2018.

References

Media related to Scarba at Wikimedia Commons

56°10′34″N 5°43′24″W / 56.17607°N 5.72324°W / 56.17607; -5.72324

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