Ed Flynn
Flynn in 2022
President of the Boston City Council
In office
January 3, 2022 – January 1, 2024
Preceded byKim Janey
Succeeded byRuthzee Louijeune
Member of the Boston City Council
from District 2
Assumed office
January 1, 2018
Preceded byBill Linehan
Personal details
Political partyDemocratic
SpouseKristen
Children2
Parents
Military service
AllegianceUnited States
Branch/service U.S. Navy

Edward M. Flynn is an American politician currently serving on the Boston City Council, representing the city's 2nd district. He has held his seat since January 2017. From January 2022 until January 2024, he served as president of the Boston City Council. He is the son of former Boston mayor Raymond Flynn.

Early life and career

Flynn and his siblings join his parents at his father's victory party for the 1983 Boston mayoral election
Flynn (far right) in 2016 with Congressman Stephen Lynch, Flynn's father Raymond Flynn, and Governor Charlie Baker

Flynn was born to Raymond Flynn and Kathy Flynn.[1] Flynn's father was mayor of Boston from 1984 through 1993, and was also a ambassador of the United States to the Holy See from 1993 through 1997, a member of the Boston City Council from 1978 through 1984, and a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1971 through 1978.

Flynn was one of six siblings.[2] Flynn graduated high school at Boston's Don Bosco Technical High School. He graduated college at Salve Regina College, where he studied history and government.[2]

Flynn served in the United States Navy for 25 years,[3] becoming a second-class petty officer.[2] He served active duty in the Persian Gulf on two deployments, and had further service abroad in the United States Naval Reserves. His military service included Operation Enduring Freedom. In the United States Navy Reserves, one of his assignments was assisting in the coordination of disaster relief after the 2010 Haiti earthquake.[4][5]

Flynn worked as a probation officer in the Suffolk Superior Court,[3] as a state public safety official,[4] as a legislative affairs specialist at the United States Department of Labor during the Clinton administration,[2][6] and as a transpiration logistical specialist with the United States Department of Defense's Joint Task Force-Armed Forces Inaugural Committee for the 2005 United States presidential inauguration.[2] At the Department of Labor, where he worked for five years during the Clinton administration, he worked on matters related to expanding access to affordable healthcare and efforts to increase the federal minimum wage.[5]

In 2005, Flynn permanently moved back to Boston from Washington, D.C., settling in South Boston and beginning work as a substitute teacher at Charlestown High School.[2] By the time he was elected to the Boston City Council in 2017, Flynn had held membership in a number of Bostonian civic organizations, including the Cityside Neighborhood Association, Veterans of Foreign Wars Thomas M. Fitzgerald Post, Ward 7 Democratic Committee, and South Boston Citizens' Association.[4]

Unsuccessful 2005 and 2007 Boston City Council campaigns

In April 2005, a month after resettling in Boston, Flynn declared that he had intended to run for an at-large seat in the 2005 Boston City Council election.[2] He cited youth substance abuse as a key issue he intended to focus on, declaring that, "OxyContin and heroin are an epidemic now, in every neighborhood. I would like to try to get the business community involved".[2] Flynn advanced from the nonpartisan primary election to the general election, but was unsuccessful, placing eighth in the race for four at-large seats.[7]

In 2007, Flynn ran in the second district special election to fill the seat left vacant by the death in office of James M. Kelly. He placed third in the nonpartisan primary election, thus failing to advance to the general election.[8][9]

2017 election to the Boston City Council

Flynn was elected to the Boston City Council's 2nd district seat in 2017 being vacated by outgoing Councilmember Bill Linehan. Flynn was elected, defeating LGBTQ activist Mike Kelley by over three percentage points in the general election.[1]

During the campaign, Flynn was considered the front-runner.[10] Among those who endorsed his candidacy were Congressman Stephen F. Lynch,[11] retiring City Councilor Bill Linehan,[10] City Councilor Michael F. Flaherty, and State Representative Nick Collins.[11] He was also endorsed by a number of trade unions.[11]

Among the issues that Flynn pledged would be a priority for him if he was elected was addressing the problem of domestic violence. He invoked the work his mother had done as the city's first lady to support survivors of domestic violence, promising to continue her work.[4]

In mid-October 2017, the already-retiring Councilor Bill Linehan announced his early resignation from the City Council and also gave his endorsement of Flynn's candidacy to succeed him.[10] Flynn narrowly won the election, capturing more than 52% of the vote in the general election.[12]

City Council tenure

First term (2018–2020)

Flynn took office, becoming the third individual to hold the council's 2nd district seat since it was established in 1984.[1] After joining the council, Flynn stopped working as a probation officer at the Suffolk Superior Court.[5]

In December 2018, the Boston City Council unanimously voted to pass an ordinance that Flynn authored with Lydia Edwards that extended the period of repayment for back taxes by low-income elder residents, and forgave interest.[13]

In 2017, Flynn's campaign noted a need for the city to adopt regulations for short-term rentals.[14] In June 2018, Flynn voted for an ordinance which regulated short-term rentals in the city by restricting short-term rentals to owner-occupied housing units, requiring hosts to register with the city, and requiring the city to collect and publish data on short-term rentals[15][16] The ordinance's adoption was endorsed both by then-City Council President Michelle Wu and then-mayor Marty Walsh.[17][18] In hearings prior to its 11-2 adoption by the City Council, Flynn vociferously supported the ordinance. He argued that it would preserve the ability for neighborhoods like Chinatown to accommodate working-class immigrants as residents, and highlighted a need to, "defend our communities from commercialization, investor speculation and to protect the fabric of our neighborhoods."[15]

Second term (2020–2022)

Flynn was reelected in 2019.[3]

In late-2019, Flynn partnered with Councilwomen Michelle Wu and Lydia Edwards to hold a hearing meant to identify possible loopholes in the enforcement of the short-term rental regulation ordinance adopted the previous year.[19]

In 2021, Flynn voted against legislation that was passed by the City Council which restricted the use of rubber bullets, tear gas, and pepper spray by the Boston Police Department.[20]

Third term and council presidency (2022–2024)

Flynn was reelected to his city council seat in 2021.[3]

Election as council president

On the Boston City Council, its president is elected by a vote of its members. The campaign process of those seeking the presidency generally occurs behind closed doors, with the contenders privately lobbying and negotiating with members of the council for their votes.[21] Initially, after the new council had been elected, rumors initially arose that Kenzie Bok had secured the backing of enough City Council members to be elected the City Council's president for its 2022–23 term. It has been reported by the press that sources have said was initially the case, but that Flynn (who had initially pledged to support Bok for president) and two additional councilors decided to withdraw their backing of her candidacy, and partnered with a coalition of newly elected freshman City Council members to support Flynn to serve as the president, giving Flynn sufficient support to win the presidency.[22]

On December 1, 2021, Flynn announced in a press release that he had secured guarantees of support from enough council members that he was confident he would be voted by the city council to serve as its president of the Boston City Council during its 2022–23 term. WGBH-TV reported that numerous sources had informed them that Flynn had indeed received support from enough councilors to win the position. It was reported that the councilors who had rival efforts for the council presidency had been Ricardo Arroyo and Kenzie Bok. It was noted that it was possible that councilors could potentially shift their support before the January vote. However, upon Flynn's apparent success in securing sufficient backing to become council president, Arroyo released a statement that acted as an informal concession of sorts, giving strong praise to Flynn's kindness and work ethic, and declaring that he looked forward, "to seeing how he utilizes those great qualities in this leadership role."[21] Flynn ultimately was elected unanimously to the council presidency in the formal vote.[5]

Political reporter Saraya Wintersmith of WGBH-TV opined that, while the position of City Council president was mostly a symbolic post, it was poised to take more political importance in the Boston City Council's 2022–23 term than had previously been usual, with the council set to receive greater power in the city's budgeting process and poised to play a role in determining new appointees to seats on the Boston School Committee.[21] The Boston City Council was anticipated at the time to play a greater role in city decision making than it previously had.[23]

Council activities

Flynn (right) in 2022 at Boston's 22nd Annual Street Festival with Mayor Michelle Wu (left) and Congressman Stephen Lynch (center)
Flynn (left) and Governor Charlie Baker in June 2022
Flynn (center left) at South Boston Health Center in July 2023, standing with City Councilor Michael F. Flaherty (far left), Congressman Stephen Lynch (center right), Mayor Michelle Wu (far right)

During Flynn's presidency, Michelle Wu was the city's mayor. Wu, who had only recently become mayor, is considered significantly more of a political progressive than Flynn, who is regarded as one of the council's most moderate members. Flynn stated that he had a good working relationship with Wu and saw it as important to collaborate with her mayoral administration.[22] At the end of his council presidency, Flynn responded to a reporter's question on his opinion of Mayor Wu's job performance by saying, "I think she’s done a good job. I’m close with the mayor personally. I like her, I respect her."[24] Despite initial anticipation that the Boston City Council would wield more power than it previously had, during Flynn's' tenure as president, Mayor Wu generally prevailed in instances where she and the City Council have been at odds. Emma Platoff of the The Boston Globe has credited Wu's ability to frequently prevail on matters where she and the City Council are not aligned to Wu's own "political savvy", the strong legal power afforded to mayors of Boston, divisions on the City Council that give the body a weaker negotiating position, and the inexperience of new council members.[23]

As city council president, Flynn treated the homelessness crisis at Mass & Cass as a priority matter.[25] In September 2023, Flynn and fellow city councilors Frank Baker, Michael F. Flaherty Erin Murphy signed onto a letter urging that the Boston Public Health Commission hold a vote at their next meeting declaring the situation at Mass & Cass a public health emergency.[26] In October 2023, Flynn voted for the mayors ordinance to prohibit temporary shelters such as tents from the Mass & Cass area. The ordinance passed 9–3.[27]

In early 2022, Flynn publicly endorsed ordinance proposed by Wu which limited the hours during which targeted protests would be permitted outside of private residences, with violations punishable by fine. Wu herself had been the subject of targeted protests outside of her personal residence, and the ordinance generated controversy. The ordinance was approved by the council in a 9–4 vote in March 2022.[22][28]

As council president, Flynn suspended Councilman Ricardo Arroyo from his committee chairmanships after it was reported in The Boston Globe that Arroyo had been investigated for sexual assault in 2005 and 2007 without being charged for a crime.[29] In July 2023, Flynn published an open letter on Twitter which criticized Councilman Arroyo's sexual assault scandals and Councilwoman Kendra Lara's scandal involving unsafe driving charges as being "ethical and legal lapses" that "draw negative attention" on the council.[30][31]

In August 2022, ahead of month-long closure of a key segment of the MBTA Orange Line, Flynn and several other city councilors wrote a letter to the MBTA that requested the operation of shuttle bus service to Chinatown during the closure. He expressed worry that the MBTA was not including Chinatown in its plan for alternate transit during the closure.[32]

Flynn was one of four Boston city councilors that voted against the council's redistricting map that was initially approved by the City Council after the 2020 United States Census and which and Mayor Wu passed into law in November 2022.[33][34] The map made major alterations to the shape of Flynn's district and a neighboring district. Flynn took particular issue with the fact that the map placed two large South Boston public housing developments in different city council districts.[33] Flynn had desired to keep all of South Boston and the South End in the boundaries of his own district, which the new map did not do.[35] The redistricting process was contentious.[36] It was noted that the four city councilors to vote against the map were all White and politically moderate.[33] Before it was adopted, Flynn had fought and attempted to stall the adoption of the new map and proposed to instead have an independent panel draw the new map.[37] The map that Flynn was against was ultimately prohibited by preliminary injunction from being used in the 2023 Boston City Council election after a ruling by Federal Judge Patti Saris.[38] Flynn had given $10,000 of his own money to help fund the litigation that had challenged the map.[39] After the judicial ruling, Flynn tasked Councilor Ruthzee Louijeune, head of the Boston City Council's Civil Rights Committee, to oversee the process of drawing a map to be used in the 2023 Boston City Council election instead of Liz Breadon, the head of the Redistricting Committee. The resulting map was adopted by the council in a 10–2 vote[40] and signed into law by Mayor Wu.[41]

Flynn authored an ordinance requiring bars, restaurants, and gyms in the city to display close captioning on their television in order to accommodate those with hearing disabilities. It was signed into law by Mayor Wu in December 2022.[42] In 2023, Flynn stated that he considered the 6% plus CPI cap that Mayor Wu placed in the rent stabilization home rule petition she placed before the City Council to be a "reasonable" compromise.[43] In May 2023, Flynn proposed that the Boston City Council adopt an official no-tolerance policy for bullying by members, their staff, and other council employees.[44] Flynn voiced his desire for Boston to follow New York City's lead and hire a "rat czar" to address steps to decrease the city's rat population.[45] In late November 2023, a proposal by Flynn to establish a committee dedicated to the issue of domestic violence was rejected in a City Council. Opponents of the proposal argued that a dedicated committee was not needed.[46]

In June 2023, Flynn voted against an amended budget that was approved by the City Council 7–5. The vote had largely been along racial lines, with Flynn and the other four city councilors who voted against the budget all being white, and all but one city councilor who voted for the amendment being persons of color. Flynn voiced strong opposition to budget amendments that included a decrease to the city's Department of Veterans Services and the city's police budget.[47] Both of those amendments that Flynn cited specific opposition to were vetoed by Mayor Wu.[48]

Fourth term (2024–present)

Flynn was reelected in the 2023 Boston City Council election.

Flynn's political views and political analysis about Flynn

Flynn is a member of the Democratic Party.[2] He is regarded to be one of the more politically moderate members of the Boston City Council.[33]

In March 2022, in advance of the vote for president of the City Council, reporter Danny McDonald wrote a profile on Flynn for The Boston Globe. In the profile, he opined that, "you’d have a hard time crafting a figure more emblematic of Boston’s old power structure" than Flynn, noting that Flynn was white, middle aged, Irish Catholic, a Boston native, and a political heir. McDonald noted that these were attributes that had, for a long time, been characteristics of a large share of past Boston City Council members. He opined that this posed an interesting contrast with the reality that the Boston City Council had seen its membership rapidly diversify over the past several elections. McDoanld also opined that Flynn's representation of the city's "old power structure" contrasted with the "new power structure" that he believed that Boston had embraced, which he argued had been emblemized by the 2021 election of, "an unabashedly progressive mayor, Michelle Wu, and a historically diverse council that continues to tack to the left." McDonald also characterized Flynn as an individual that generally sought to avoid media attention, preferring that the media instead focus their attention on his City Council colleagues.[22]

In April 2023, Michael Jonas of Commonwealth magazine wrote, "Ed Flynn has cut a profile much like the one his father had after becoming mayor, a loyal son of Southie who has gone to great lengths to promote racial harmony and heal divisions, not inflame them."[33]

Potential pursuit of higher office

In September 2023, when questioned on future pursuit of higher office, Flynn expressed an openness to later running for state or federal office, but expressed a reluctance towards the prospect of running for mayor. Flynn said that a mayoral run would be "very unlikely," remarking that he was, "happy being a city councilor," and quipping, "I think there’s one Mayor Flynn in the family, and that was my dad."[49] In late 2023, Flynn also remarked, "I would like to at some point to work at the Veterans Administration."[24]

Personal life

Flynn and his wife Kristen have two children.[3][5] Flynn is Irish Catholic.[22] He lives in South Boston.[4]

Electoral history

2005 Boston City Council at-large election
Candidates Primary[50] General election[51]
Votes % Votes %
Michael F. Flaherty (incumbent) 17,828 13.90% 49,220 17.58%
Felix D. Arroyo (incumbent) 15,690 12.23% 43,533 15.55%
Sam Yoon 13,165 10.27% 41,891 14.96%
Stephen J. Murphy (incumbent) 14,094 10.99% 35,553 12.70%
John R. Connolly 14,287 11.14% 31,629 11.30%
Matt O'Malley 12,070 9.41% 28,318 10.12%
Patricia H. White 12,895 10.05% 26,999 9.64%
Edward M. Flynn 11,092 8.65% 21,778 7.78%
Althea Garrison 4,824 3.76%  
Kevin R. Mccrea 3,661 2.85%  
Roy Owens 3,622 2.82%  
Laura Garza 1,807 1.41%  
Gregory Joseph O'Connell 1174 0.92%  
Martin J. Hogan 1,031 0.80%  
Joseph Ready 675 0.53%  
Joseph Ureneck 17† 0.01% 133† 0.05%
Gibran Rivera 17† 0.01%  
all others 297 0.23% 874 0.31%

† write-in votes

2007 Boston City Council 2nd district special election
Candidates Primary[52] General election[53]
Votes % Votes %
Bill Linehan 1,834 23.68% 4,771 52.58%
Susan M. Passoni 1,870 24.14% 4,217 46.48%
Edward M. Flynn 1,741 22.48% 52† 0.57%
Robert O'Shea 831 10.73%  
Brian R. Mahoney 549 7.09%  
Mary Cooney 529 6.83%  
Bob Ferrara 384 4.96%  
all others 7 0.09% 33 0.36%
Total 7,745 100% 9,073 100%

† write-in votes

2017 Boston City Council 2nd district election
Candidate Primary election[54] General election[55]
Votes % Votes %
Edward M. Flynn 5,085 56.42 7,474 51.61
Michael S. Kelly 2,860 31.73 6,958 48.05
Corey G. Dinopoulos 504 5.59  
Erica J. Trite 183 2.03  
Joseph F. Kebartas 161 1.79  
Peter A. Lin-Marcus 124 1.38  
Kora R. Vakil 72 0.80  
Write-in 24 0.27 50 0.35
Total 9,013 100 14,482 100
2019 Boston 2nd district City Council election[56]
Candidate Votes  %
Edward M. Flynn (incumbent) 6,373 97.05
Write-in 194 2.95
Total votes 6,567 100
2021 Boston 2nd district City Council election[57]
Candidate Votes  %
Edward M. Flynn (incumbent) 15,029 98.32
Write-in 257 1.68
Total votes 15,286 100
2023 Boston 2nd district City Council election[58]
Candidate Votes  %
Edward M. Flynn (incumbent) 7,552 97.81
Write-in 169 2.19
Total votes 7,721 100

References

  1. 1 2 3 Deehan, Mike (November 8, 2017). "Flynn, Son Of Former Mayor, To Join City Council". WGBH.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Abel, Dave (April 19, 2006). "Ed Flynn plans run for council next fall". archive.boston.com. Boston.com. The Boston Globe. Retrieved June 23, 2022.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "Edward Flynn". Ballotpedia. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 "Ed Flynn to Address Domestic Violence with the City Council – The Boston Sun". The Boston Sun. October 12, 2017. Retrieved June 23, 2022.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 "Ed Flynn". Boston.gov. January 30, 2018. Retrieved November 10, 2022.
  6. ↑ Dumcius, Gintautas (February 11, 2022). "Council President Flynn assumes acting mayor duties | Dorchester Reporter". www.dotnews.com. Dorchester Reporter. Retrieved July 21, 2023.
  7. ↑ "CITY OF BOSTON MUNICIPAL ELECTION - NOVEMBER 8, 2005 CITY COUNCILLOR AT LARGE" (PDF). cityofboston.gov. Retrieved February 19, 2018.
  8. ↑ "CITY OF BOSTON SPECIAL PRELIMINARY MUNICIPAL ELECTION - APRIL 17, 2007 CITY COUNCILLOR DISTRICT 2" (PDF). cityofboston.gov. Retrieved February 19, 2018.
  9. ↑ "2 contend for Kelly's seat – The Daily Free Press". Daily Free Press. May 2, 2007. Retrieved April 7, 2023.
  10. 1 2 3 Daniel, Seth; Treffeisen, Beth (October 21, 2017). "Councilor Linehan Quits Council Abruptly,Endorses Ed Flynn". Retrieved June 23, 2022.
  11. 1 2 3 Rooney, Jeanne (June 29, 2017). "Congressman Stephen F. Lynch endorses Ed Flynn for City Council". South Boston Online. Retrieved June 23, 2022.
  12. ↑ Atkinson, Dan (November 8, 2017). "Edwards, Janey, Flynn take City Council seats". Boston Herald. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  13. ↑ "Edwards-Flynn Ordinance Passed By City Council". South Boston Today. December 9, 2018. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  14. ↑ "Ed Flynn Calls for Ordinance to Regulate Short-Term Rental Platforms – The Boston Sun". The Boston. October 21, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2023.
  15. 1 2 "Flynn Votes to Ban Airbnb Investor Units". South Boston Today. June 21, 2018. Retrieved December 18, 2023.
  16. ↑ Martineau, Paris (March 28, 2019). "Inside Airbnb's 'Guerrilla War' Against Local Governments". Wired. Archived from the original on October 6, 2021. Retrieved September 13, 2021.
  17. ↑ Enwemeka, Zeninjor (January 1, 2019). "New Short-Term Rental Rules Take Effect In Boston". WBUR. Archived from the original on August 26, 2021. Retrieved August 26, 2021.
  18. ↑ Buell, Spencer (May 9, 2018). "Mayor Walsh's Short-Term Rental Proposal Would Outlaw Investor-Owned Airbnbs". Boston Magazine. Retrieved December 18, 2023.
  19. ↑ "Councilors Flynn, Edwards and Wu to Hold Hearing on Short Term Rental Regulations Nov. 14 – The Boston Sun". The Boston Sun. Retrieved December 18, 2023.
  20. ↑ "Boston City Council passes tear gas, rubber bullet limits on second attempt". Boston Herald. April 28, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  21. 1 2 3 Wintersmith, Saraya (December 2, 2021). "Ed Flynn claims votes for Boston City Council presidency". www.wgbh.org. WGBH-TV. Retrieved June 23, 2022.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 McDonald, Danny (March 26, 2022). "Ed Flynn heads an increasingly diverse and progressive council". The Boston Globe. Retrieved June 23, 2022.
  23. 1 2 Platoff, Emma (March 11, 2023). "With a divided Boston City Council, Mayor Michelle Wu often gets her way". Boston Globe. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
  24. 1 2 Garrity, Kelly; Kashinsky, Lisa (December 14, 2023). "Ed Flynn has no regrets". Politico.
  25. ↑ Logan, Erin (December 31, 2023). "With city council president term coming to an end, Ed Flynn says he's committed to Boston". NBC Boston.
  26. ↑ Fortin, Matt; Drysdale, Sam (September 2, 2023). "4 Boston city councilors push for state of emergency over Mass. and Cass". NBC Boston.
  27. ↑ Way, Rob; Salazar, Mari (October 25, 2023). "Boston City Council approves ordinance to ban tents, other temporary shelters at Mass and Cass". WHDH. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  28. ↑ Multiple sources:
  29. ↑ Wintersmith, Saraya (August 29, 2022). "Boston City Council president suspends Arroyo's committee chairmanships". WGBH. Retrieved November 9, 2022.
  30. ↑ Multiple sources
  31. ↑ Brief, Henry (July 7, 2023). "Boston City Council President explains why he posted letter criticizing two Latino colleagues". El Mundo Boston. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  32. ↑ "'Impactful experience' for commuters, students, mayor warns ahead of Orange Line shutdown". WCVB. August 18, 2022. Retrieved November 10, 2022.
  33. 1 2 3 4 5 Jonas, Michael (April 5, 2023). "For Ed Flynn, awkward roles of race healer and redistricting foe". CommonWealth Magazine. Retrieved April 6, 2023.
  34. ↑ Miller, Yawu (November 2, 2022). "Council passes 'unity' redistricting map". The Bay State Banner. Retrieved November 9, 2022.
  35. ↑ Miller, Yawu (October 17, 2022). "Councilors clash over redistricting". The Bay State Banner. Retrieved November 9, 2022.
  36. ↑ Platoff, Emma (November 7, 2022). "Mayor Michelle Wu signs new political map after contentious City Council process – The Boston Globe". The Boston Globe. Retrieved November 9, 2022.
  37. ↑ Wintersmith, Saraya (November 1, 2022). "City Council President Flynn seeks to put Boston redistricting on hold". wgbh.org. WGBH. Retrieved April 6, 2023.
  38. ↑ Sudborough, Susannah (May 9, 2023). "Federal judge throws out new Boston City Council district map". www.boston.com. Retrieved May 16, 2023.
  39. ↑ McDonald, Danny (April 13, 2023). "A second Boston city councilor is financially backing redistricting litigation - The Boston Globe". The Boston Globe. Retrieved June 2, 2023.
  40. ↑ Miller, Yawu (May 31, 2023). "Redrawn Council map raises new issues". Retrieved June 2, 2023.
  41. ↑ "Mayor Michelle Wu signs off on new Boston electoral map". WBUR. May 27, 2023.
  42. ↑ Multiple sources:
  43. ↑ Drysdale, Sam (February 23, 2023). "Boston city councilors debate chances of Wu's rent control plan surviving Beacon Hill". www.wbur.org. WBUR. State House News Service. Retrieved April 6, 2023.
  44. ↑ Cawley, Gayla (May 18, 2023). "Divided Boston City Council considering anti-bullying policy". Boston Herald. Retrieved June 2, 2023.
  45. ↑ DeCosta-Klipa, Nik (April 26, 2023). "A 'rat czar' in Boston? Why one city councilor says it's 'desperately needed'". WBUR. Retrieved June 5, 2023.
  46. ↑ Cawley, Gayla (November 30, 2023). "Boston City Council says 'no' to Flynn domestic violence committee proposal". Boston Herald. Retrieved December 2, 2023.
  47. ↑ McDonald, Danny (June 14, 2023). "Boston City Council passes $4.2 billion operating budget that would cut BPD by $31 million - The Boston Globe". BostonGlobe.com. Retrieved July 4, 2023.
  48. ↑ McDonald, Danny (June 16, 2023). "Wu rejects City Council's budget plan that would slash money to police, veterans services - The Boston Globe". Boston Globe. Retrieved July 4, 2023.
  49. ↑ DeCosta-Klipa, Nik (September 11, 2023). "Ed Flynn says it's 'very unlikely' he'll follow in his father's footsteps as Boston mayor". WBUR. Retrieved December 2, 2023.
  50. ↑ "CITY OF BOSTON PRELIMINARY MUNICIPAL ELECTION - SEPTEMBER 27, 2005 CITY COUNCILLOR AT LARGE" (PDF). cityofboston.gov. Retrieved February 19, 2018.
  51. ↑ "CITY OF BOSTON MUNICIPAL ELECTION - NOVEMBER 8, 2005 CITY COUNCILLOR AT LARGE" (PDF). cityofboston.gov. Retrieved February 19, 2018.
  52. ↑ "CITY OF BOSTON SPECIAL PRELIMINARY MUNICIPAL ELECTION - APRIL 17, 2007 CITY COUNCILLOR DISTRICT 2" (PDF). cityofboston.gov. Retrieved February 19, 2018.
  53. ↑ "CITY OF BOSTON SPECIAL MUNICIPAL ELECTION - MAY 15, 2007 CITY COUNCILLOR DISTRICT 2" (PDF). cityofboston.gov. Retrieved February 19, 2018.
  54. ↑ "City of Boston Preliminary Municipal Election – September 26, 2017 City Councillor District 2" (PDF). www.cityofboston.gov. City of Boston. Retrieved November 2, 2022.
  55. ↑ "City of Boston Municipal Election – November 7, 2017 City Councillor District 2" (PDF). www.cityofboston.gov. City of Boston. Retrieved September 19, 2021.
  56. ↑ "City of Boston Municipal Election – November 5, 2019 City Councillor District 2" (PDF). www.cityofboston.gov. City of Boston. Retrieved November 9, 2022.
  57. ↑ "City of Boston Municipal Election – November 2, 2021 – District 2" (PDF). www.cityofboston.gov. City of Boston. Retrieved November 9, 2022.
  58. ↑ "Unofficial Election Results". Boston.gov. December 29, 2023. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved January 6, 2024.
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