This list ranks metropolitan areas in Europe by their population according to three different sources; it includes metropolitan areas that have a population of over 1 million.
Sources
List includes metropolitan areas according only studies of ESPON, Eurostat, and OECD. For this reason some metropolitan areas, like the Italian Genoa Metropolitan Area (with a population over 1,510,000 as of 2012 according to "CityRailway" Official Report), are not included in this list, with data by other statistic survey institutes.
Figures in the first column come from the ESPON project, "Study on Urban Functions", which defines cities according to the concept of a functional urban area (core urban area defined morphologically on the basis of population density, plus the surrounding labour pool defined on the basis of commuting). Figures in the second column come from Eurostat's Urban Audit and correspond to Larger Urban Zones (LUZ). Figures in the fourth column come from the OECD Territorial Reviews and correspond to "metropolitan regions". Further information on how the areas are defined can be found in the source documents. These figures should be seen as an interpretation, not as conclusive fact.
Metropolitan areas
Metropolitan area name | Country | OECD Metropolitan areas (2020)[1] |
City Population Urban Agglomeration (2023)[2] |
Eurostat Metropolitan region (2019)[3] |
Eurostat Metropolitan region (2018)[3] |
ESPON Functional Urban Area (2006)[4] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amsterdam metropolitan area | Netherlands | 2,890,428 | 2,500,000 | 3,269,905 | 3,242,852 | 2,497,000[lower-alpha 1] |
Antwerp | Belgium | 1,146,565 | 1,230,000 | 985,332 | 1,047,030 | 1,406,000[lower-alpha 2] |
Athens | Greece | 3,526,887 | 3,550,000 | 3,561,750 | 3,576,590 | 3,761,000 |
Barcelona metropolitan area | Spain | 5,105,991 | 4,950,000 | 5,575,204 | 5,514,881 | 4,082,000[lower-alpha 3] |
Belgrade | Serbia | — | 1,440,000 | — | — | — |
Berlin | Germany | 5,342,958 | 4,775,000 | 5,303,846 | 5,259,363 | 4,016,000 |
Bilbao | Spain | 1,014,366 | <1,000,000 | 1,137,191 | 1,134,848 | 947,000 |
Birmingham (West Midlands) | United Kingdom | 2,926,915 | 3,225,000 | 3,558,916 | 2,545,475 | 4,483,000 |
Bordeaux | France | 1,290,068 | 1,130,000 | — | — | |
Bremen | Germany | 1,274,429 | 1,000,000 | 1,277,609 | 1,274,611 | 1,077,000 |
Bristol | United Kingdom | 969,256 | <1,000,000 | 1,157,937 | 1,147,017 | 1,041,000 |
Brussels | Belgium | 2,500,251 | 2,750,000 | 2,548,941 | 2,528,996 | 2,639,000[lower-alpha 2] |
Bucharest metropolitan area | Romania | 2,219,341 | 2,200,000 | 2,315,173 | 2,301,255 | 2,064,000 |
Budapest metropolitan area | Hungary | 3,012,001 | 2,650,000 | 3,031,160 | 3,011,598 | 2,523,000 |
Cardiff | United Kingdom | 928,101 | <1,000,000 | 1,140,165 | 1,135,795 | 1,097,000 |
Copenhagen metropolitan area | Denmark | 1,945,157 | 1,760,000 | 2,045,259 | 2,030,718 | 2,350,000[5][6][lower-alpha 4] |
Donetsk | Ukraine | — | 1,420,000 | — | — | — |
Dnipro | Ukraine | — | 1,340,000[lower-alpha 5] | — | — | — |
Dresden | Germany | 1,343,747 | — | — | — | — |
Dublin Metropolitan Area | Ireland | 2,110,459 | 1,510,000 | 2,107,749 | 2,069,386 | 1,477,000 |
Frankfurt/Rhine-Main Region | Germany | 2,729,936 | 3,275,000 | 2,710,127 | 2,693,115 | 2,764,000[lower-alpha 6] |
Gdańsk (Tricity) | Poland | 1,170,990 | <1,000,000 | — | 1,317,517 | 993,000 |
Gothenburg | Sweden | 1,051,345 | <1,000,000 | 1,021,831 | 1,015,974 | 759,000 |
Greater Glasgow | United Kingdom | 1,847,200 | 1,690,000 | 1,861,315 | 1,854,866 | 1,395,000 |
The Hague | Netherlands | 1,116,798 | 3,375,000[lower-alpha 7] | 1,103,368 | 1,093,212 | 1,404,000[lower-alpha 1] |
Hamburg Metropolitan Region | Germany | 3,328,679 | 2,900,000 | 3,327,940 | 3,309,215 | 2,983,000 |
Hannover | Germany | 1,316,006 | 1,150,000 | — | — | — |
Helsinki Metropolitan Area | Finland | 1,526,778 | 1,510,000 | 1,671,024 | 1,655,624 | 1,285,000 |
Istanbul[lower-alpha 8] | Turkey | 13,719,061 | 16,100,000 | — | — | — |
Katowice metropolitan area | Poland | 2,486,510 | 2,250,000 | 2,695,148 | 2,705,106 | 3,029,000[lower-alpha 9] |
Kazan metropolitan area | Russia | — | 1,570,000 | — | — | — |
Kharkiv | Ukraine | — | 1,600,000[lower-alpha 10] | — | — | — |
Kryvyi Rih metropolitan area | Ukraine | — | — | 1,170,953[7] | — | — |
Kyiv metropolitan area | Ukraine | — | 3,475,000[lower-alpha 11] | — | — | — |
Kraków metropolitan area | Poland | 1,423,235 | <1,000,000 | 1,491,811 | 1,480,803 | 1,236,000 |
Leipzig | Germany | 1,049,342 | — | — | — | — |
Lille | France | 1,505,093 | 1,310,000 | 2,594,456 | 2,597,774 | 1,379,000[lower-alpha 12] |
Lisbon metropolitan area | Portugal | 3,035,487 | 2,500,000 | 2,846,332 | 2,833,679 | 2,591,000 |
Liverpool/Birkenhead | United Kingdom | 1,548,752 | 1,890,000 | 1,784,475 | 2,042,955 | 2,241,000 |
Łódź metropolitan area | Poland | 903,719 | <1,000,000 | 1,070,544 | 1,074,374 | 1,165,000 |
Wrocław metropolitan area | Poland | 883,468 | <1,000,000 | 638,659 | 636,050 | 861,000 |
London metropolitan area | United Kingdom | 12,451,423 | 14,800,000 | 14,372,596 | 14,257,962 | 11,203,000 |
Lyon | France | 2,129,101 | 2,025,000 | 1,865,534 | 1,867,275 | 1,669,000 |
Madrid metropolitan area | Spain | 7,005,286 | 6,850,000 | 6,641,649 | 6,549,520 | 5,263,000 |
Greater Manchester | United Kingdom | 3,399,018 | 3,125,000 | 3,712,997 | 3,695,071 | 2,556,000 |
Mannheim-Ludwigshafen | Germany | 1,191,766 | 1,580,000 | — | — | — |
Marseille | France | 1,278,124[lower-alpha 13] | 1,690,000 | 3,100,329 | 3,100,110 | 1,530,000 |
Milan metropolitan area | Italy | 4,985,668 | 6,100,000 | 4,354,448 | 4,336,121 | 7,636,000[lower-alpha 14] |
Minsk | Belarus | — | 2,050,000 | — | — | — |
Moscow metropolitan area | Russia | — | 18,800,000 | — | — | — |
Munich | Germany | 2,926,802 | 2,275,000 | 2,908,664 | 2,883,373 | 2,665,000[lower-alpha 15] |
Nantes | France | 1,003,395 | — | — | — | — |
Naples metropolitan area | Italy | 3,349,233 | 4,050,000 | 3,084,890 | 3,101,002 | 3,714,000[8] |
Nice | France | 1,020,879 | <1,000,000 | 1,080,815 | 1,082,139 | 1,082,000 |
Nizhny Novgorod | Russia | — | 1,660,000 | — | — | — |
Nottingham-Derby | United Kingdom | 935,049[lower-alpha 16] | 1,370,000 | 331,297 | 329,448[lower-alpha 17] | 1,534,000 |
Nuremberg Metropolitan Region | Germany | 1,352,002 | 1,100,000 | 1,349,848 | 1,340,886 | 1,443,000 |
Odesa | Ukraine | — | 1,100,000[lower-alpha 18] | — | — | — |
Greater Oslo | Norway | 1,420,926 | 1,230,000 | 1,305,122 | 1,287,495 | 1,037,000 |
Paris metropolitan area | France | 12,997,058 | 11,400,000 | 12,244,807 | 12,183,893 | 11,175,000 |
Perm | Russia | — | 1,090,000 | — | — | — |
Porto Metropolitan Area | Portugal | 1,785,248 | 1,550,000 | 1,722,374 | 1,719,702 | 1,245,000[lower-alpha 19] |
Portsmouth-Southampton | United Kingdom | 542,048[lower-alpha 20] | 1,150,000 | 806,001 | 802,162 | 1,547,000 |
Poznań metropolitan area | Poland | 993,656 | <1,000,000 | — | 1,186,164 | 919,000 |
Prague | Czech Republic | 2,267,817 | 1,460,000 | 2,677,964 | 2,647,308 | 1,669,000 |
Rhein-Nord[lower-alpha 21] (Düsseldorf - Neuss) | Germany | 1,557,269 | See Rhein-Sud | 1,555,985 | 1,552,097 | 3,073,000[lower-alpha 22] |
Rhein-Süd[lower-alpha 21] (Cologne - Bonn) | Germany | 2,004,984 | 4,975,000 | 2,003,046 | 1,994,524 | 3,070,000[lower-alpha 22] |
Riga | Latvia | 927,924 | <1,000,000 | 1,003,203 | 1,005,237 | 1,195,000 |
Rome metropolitan area | Italy | 4,325,591 | 3,450,000 | 4,342,212 | 4,355,725 | 5,190,000 |
Rostov-on-Don | Russia | — | 1,400,000 | — | — | — |
Rotterdam | Netherlands | 1,876,165 | 3,375,000[lower-alpha 23] | 1,846,933 | 1,835,354 | 1,904,000[lower-alpha 1] |
Ruhr[lower-alpha 21] | Germany | 5,115,617 | 5,650,000 | 5,111,530 | 5,113,487 | 5,376,000[lower-alpha 22] |
Saarbrücken - Forbach | Germany/ France |
797,110 | — | — | 802,664 | 1,102,000 |
Saint Petersburg metropolitan area | Russia | — | 6,400,000 | — | — | — |
Samara | Russia | — | 1,370,000 | — | — | — |
Saratov | Russia | — | 1,200,000 | — | — | — |
Seville | Spain | 1,558,006 | 1,310,000 | 1,949,640 | 1,945,236 | 1,180,000[lower-alpha 24] |
Sofia | Bulgaria | 1,551,056 | 1,240,000 | 1,678,041 | 1,679,413 | 1,174,000 |
Metropolitan Stockholm | Sweden | 2,377,081 | 2,250,000 | 2,344,124 | 2,308,143 | 2,171,000 |
South Yorkshire (Sheffield) | United Kingdom | 1,204,485 | 1,530,000 | 584,028 | 580,108 | 1,869,000 |
Stuttgart Metropolitan Region | Germany | 2,794,283 | 2,400,000 | 2,787,724 | 2,778,591 | 2,289,000 |
Thessaloniki metropolitan area | Greece | 1,049,937 | <1,000,000 | 1,104,690 | 1,105,663 | 1,052,000 |
Toulouse | France | 1,445,789 | 1,120,000 | — | — | — |
Turin metropolitan area | Italy | 1,728,714 | 1,590,000 | 2,259,523 | 2,269,120 | 1,601,000[lower-alpha 25] |
Newcastle-Sunderland | United Kingdom | 1,192,598 | 1,460,000 | 1,177,704 | 1,172,580 | 1,599,000 |
Ufa | Russia | — | 1,220,000 | — | — | — |
Valencia | Spain | 1,768,205 | 1,900,000 | 2,540,588 | 2,531,187 | 1,398,000[lower-alpha 26] |
Vienna | Austria | 3,004,660 | 2,275,000 | 2,853,903 | 2,838,558 | 2,584,000 |
Volgograd | Russia | — | 1,090,000 | — | — | — |
Warsaw metropolitan area | Poland | 3,209,784 | 2,475,000 | 3,053,104 | 3,025,034 | 2,785,000 |
West Yorkshire (Leeds - Bradford) | United Kingdom | 2,655,815 | 2,225,000 | 1,750,276 | 1,741,298 | 2,302,000 |
Zagreb metropolitan area | Croatia | 1,219,858 | <1,000,000 | 1,240,433 | 1,240,310 | — |
Zürich metropolitan area | Switzerland | 1,401,783 | 1,480,000 | 1,520,968 | 1,504,346 | 1,615,000 |
Polycentric metropolitan areas in the European Union
Rank | Area | State | Population[9] |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region | Germany | 12,190,000 |
2 | Randstad | Netherlands | 8,219,380 |
3 | Upper Silesian metropolitan area | Poland/ Czech Republic | 5,294,000 |
4 | Flemish Diamond | Belgium | 5,103,000 |
5 | Vienna-Bratislava metropolitan region | Austria/ Slovakia | 4,600,000 |
See also
- List of cities in Europe by population within city limits
- List of urban areas in Europe
- List of European city regions
- Lists of cities in Europe
- List of largest cities in the European Union by population within city limits
- List of urban areas in the European Union
- List of European Union cities proper by population density
- List of metropolitan areas by population for the world
- World's largest cities
Regional and country-specific lists
- Largest metropolitan areas in the Nordic countries
- List of metropolitan areas in the United Kingdom
- List of metropolitan areas in Belgium
- List of metropolitan areas in France
- List of metropolitan areas in Germany
- List of metropolitan areas in Italy
- List of metropolitan areas in Spain
- List of metropolitan areas in Sweden
- List of metropolitan areas in Poland
Notes
- 1 2 3 Part of the Randstad polycentric urban region consisting of the metropolitan areas of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, and Utrecht (982,000). The total population of the region is 7,100,000.
- 1 2 The Flemish Diamond metropolitan region, which consists of the metropolitan areas of Brussels, Antwerp, Gent, and Leuven, has a total population of 5,103,000.
- ↑ Total population is 4,251,000 if the metropolitan area of Mataro (169,000) is included.
- ↑ Part of the wider Öresund region, which includes the Swedish metropolitan area of Malmö (961,000). The total regional population is 2,842,000.
- ↑ Doesn't consider the impact of the Russian invasion
- ↑ Part of the Rhein-Main metropolitan region with a total population of 4,149,000, which additionally includes the metropolitan areas of Darmstadt (501,000), Wiesbaden (453,000), and Mainz (431,000).
- ↑ Including Rotterdam
- ↑ 65% of the population lives on the European part
- ↑ Part of the polycentric Upper Silesian urban region with a total population of 5,294,000. The region additionally includes the metropolitan areas of Ostrava (1,046,000), Bielsko-Biala (584,000) and Rybnik (526,000).
- ↑ Doesn't consider the impact of the Russian invasion
- ↑ Doesn't consider the impact of the Russian invasion
- ↑ Part of the wider Lille-Bassin Minier region with a total population of 3,115,000.
- ↑ Does not include Aix-en-Provence, which OECD, unlike INSEE, considers as a separate metropolitan area, with a population of 352,097 in 2020.
- ↑ Part of a wider polycentric urban region with a population of 8,311,000.
- ↑ When combined with the Augsburg metropolitan area (606,000), the region has a total population of 3,271,000.
- ↑ Does not include Derby, which OECD considers as a separate metropolitan area, with a population of 495,159 in 2020.
- ↑ just Nottingham (Derby 257,101)
- ↑ Doesn't consider the impact of the Russian invasion
- ↑ Part of a wider polycentric urban region with a population of 1,778,000.
- ↑ Does not include Southampton, which OECD considers as a separate metropolitan area, with a population of 695,204 in 2020.
- 1 2 3 Polycentric metropolitan area
- 1 2 3 Part of the polycentric urban region of Rhein-Ruhr, which has a total population of 12,190,000.
- ↑ Including The Hague
- ↑ Total population is 1,262,000 if the metropolitan area of Utrera (82,000) is included.
- ↑ Total population is 1,716,000 if the metropolitan of Pinerolo is included.
- ↑ Total population is 1,499,000 if the metropolitan area of Sagunto is included.
References
- ↑ "OECD - Metropolitan areas - Population, all ages". OECD. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
- ↑ "Major Agglomerations of The World". citypopulation.de. 1 January 2023. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
- 1 2 "Database". ec.europa.eu. Eurostat. Retrieved 20 Jun 2020. click General and regional statistics / Regional statistics by typology / Metropolitan regions / Demography statistics by metropolitan regions / Population on 1 January by broad age group, sex and metropolitan regions (met_pjanaggr3)
- ↑ "Study on Urban Functions (Project 1.4.3)]" (PDF). European Spatial Planning Observation Network. March 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015., Final Report, Chapter 3
- ↑ OECD: Territorial Review Copenhagen, 2009, p. 34, ISBN 9789264060029
- ↑ also obtainable through
- ↑ "Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2019" (PDF).(in Ukrainian)
- ↑ "Principal Agglomerations of the World". Citypopulation. January 2017.
- ↑ European Spatial Planning Observation Network, Study on Urban Functions (Project 1.4.3) Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine, Final Report, Chapter 3, (ESPON, 2007) page 241-243
External links
- Geopolis: research group, university of Paris-Diderot, France - Population of urban areas of 10,000 or more