Free-to-air

In 2005, the Ministry of Information announced their plan to digitalise nationwide free-to-air TV broadcasts led by Radio Televisyen Malaysia (RTM).^[3] Trial broadcasts were undertaken, involving one thousand households in the Klang Valley from September 2006 till February 2007. According to the then-Deputy Minister of Information, Chia Kwang Chye, the trial received "very positive" feedback, i.e. "more than 60 percent said the quality of the signal ranged from good to better. Over 88 percent said the picture quality improved, while 70 percent said the sound quality was better".^[4]

According to Information Minister Datuk Ahmad Shabery Cheek, it was anticipated that RTM would fully complete its digitalisation in 2012 as part of its three-year restructuring process.^[5] It was anticipated that each household, once equipped with the necessary equipment (set-top box, iDTV or DHD set) would receive up to 19 channels, seven of which would fall under RTM and the rest for private broadcasters such as TV3, ntv7, 8TV and TV9.^[6] Thus far, besides simulcasting TV1 and TV2, RTM is currently airing RTMi, Muzik Aktif and Arena exclusively on the digital TV platform, transmitted at UHF channel 44, modulated at 64QAM, in test forms.^[7] RTM was also expected to launch regional channels for each state and/or territory in Malaysia; increasing to 20 television channels.^[8] Media Prima has started trials in March 2009.^[9]

Malaysia and all other Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) (with the exception of Cambodia and Laos, which they selected the DTMB instead, and the Philippines, which selected ISDB-T instead) had selected DVB-T as the final DTV standard, and were expected to switch off analogue broadcasts completely by 2015.^[10] In June 2008, participants of the 6th ASEAN Digital Broadcast Meeting from seven Southeast Asian countries (including Malaysia) agreed to finalise the specifications of the DTV set-top box for use within ASEAN, and also set up an ASEAN HD Centre to provide training on HDTV content to broadcasters in the region.^[11]

Despite a success of RTM's pilot trials, the digital terrestrial television transition faced many problems. These problems stemmed from the lesser enthusiasm of content providers toward the digitisation, with the exception of Les Copaque, and the need to improve the nation's Internet broadband infrastructure. However, after Abdullah Badawi resigned as Prime Minister in 2008, the project by RTM was deferred indefinitely.

Future

Although Telekom Malaysia has been rumoured to be builder for a digital terrestrial television infrastructure, TM wishes to improve the broadband infrastructure to increase Internet readiness for the country, which leads to Unifi.

On 8 January 2014, Puncak Semangat was awarded the concession for digital terrestrial television development. The company is obligated to develop the digital terrestrial television infrastructure, which include a digital multimedia hub and a network of high, medium and low-powered digital TV transmitters nationwide that are capable of carrying up to 45 standard-definition or 15 high-definition digital TV channels, for a start. Television and radio services will be offered first while the latter three, connected services (catch-up TV and video on demand), t-commerce (television commerce) and soft services (e-learning applications and SMS voting) will delivered via home broadband networks after the former two.^[12]

The first roll-out will start on 16 April 2015 (originally expected to be in the third quarter of 2014),^[12] using Puncak Semangat's inside-out rollout strategy where the rural areas will have analogue switch-off first followed by suburbans and eventually urban areas in stages, due to the fact that free-to-air television will benefit rural people while people in urban and suburban areas already have pay television such as Astro and HyppTV.^[12] The rollout will complete in 2017 ^[13] and will cover 98% of Malaysia's population with the capacity of up to 80 television channels and between 30 and 40 radio stations.^[12]

Once the full digital platform has been rolled out, television broadcasts in analogue will be terminated.^[14]

Analogue switch-off

Analogue TV broadcasts would have been shut down in stages, due to complete by 2014 as per recommendation from ASEAN. The DTT migration plan was divided into three phases:^[15]

1. Phase I (2007–2013)
   • Analogue TV & DTT co-exist
   • Analogue TV shut down in stages
   • Vacate other primary services (radar and LMS)
2. Phase II (2014–29 September 2019)
   • No analogue TV service
   • Vacate DTT service using channels 56 and above
   • Vacate LMS in band 477 MHz to 478 MHz
3. Phase III (30 September 2019 – 31 October 2019)
   • 100% DTT service using channels 5 to 12 and 21 to 54

Television broadcasts in analogue are originally scheduled for 2017, but the transition will be completed after the full-out of the digital platform.^[14] As announced by the Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission (MCMC) in late September, the full digital transition to be completed on 31 October 2019, the date where analog TV broadcast for remaining states Sabah and Sarawak will end.^[16] The switch over in West Malaysia are fully completed on 1 October at 12:30 AM (UTC+8),^[17] while the final switch over in East Malaysia are completed on 31 October also at 12:30 AM as scheduled. This marks the end of analogue television broadcast in Malaysia with the country also becomes the third country in Southeast Asia after Singapore and Brunei to undergo successful transition to digital television broadcast.^{[1][18][19][20]}

Paid terrestrial television

In 2006, U Television, formerly MiTV, is scheduled to roll out broadcast services in the H.264 video format according to DVB-T, for better picture quality and more efficient frequency bandwidth usage, after having failed in an earlier venture with the IPTV-over-UHF system previously.^[21]