Harbin Institute of Technology
哈尔滨工业大学 (Chinese)
Motto
规格严格，功夫到家
Motto in English
Rigor and Mastery
TypePublic
Established1920 (1920)
PresidentHan Jiecai
Academic staff
2957
Undergraduates25,002
Postgraduates12,710
Location
Campus1,060.823 acres (429.300 ha)
AffiliationsC9 League
Excellence League
APRU
Sino-Spanish University Alliance (SSU)
Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Alliance (GHMUA)
Websitehit.edu.cn
en.hit.edu.cn
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese哈尔滨工业大学
Traditional Chinese哈爾濱工業大學

The Harbin Institute of Technology (哈尔滨工业大学; HIT) is a public science and engineering university in Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. It is now affiliated with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction.

The university was founded in 1920 as Harbin Sino-Russia Industrial School. Besides the main campus in Harbin, the university operates two satellite campuses in Shenzhen, Guangdong (as Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen) and in Weihai, Shandong (as Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai).[1] The university is a member of the C9 League.

History

The main building of Harbin Institute of Technology

Key honors include the following:[2][3]

  • In 1920, the Harbin Institute of Technology was originally established as the Harbin Sino-Russian School for Industry to educate railway engineers.[4]
  • In 1931, postgraduate students were enrolled from the spring of 1931.
  • In 1935, during the Japanese invasion of China, the university fell under Japanese control.
  • On January 1, 1938, the name Harbin Institute of Technology was reinstated, which it has retained until the present.
  • In 1945, after the Japanese defeated in World War II and evacuated, HIT was headed by the Zhongchang Railway Bureau and jointly managed by China and the Soviet Union.
  • In 1949, Harbin Institute of technology recruited graduate students from all over the country. It is one of the earliest institutions to train postgraduates in China.
  • In 1951, HIT was approved by the central government to become one of the two institutions of higher learning to learn advanced techniques from the USSR. HIT enjoyed a reputation as the 'Cradle for Engineers'.
  • In 1954, HIT was established as one of six national key universities of China, the only one outside Beijing.[2]
  • In 1984, HIT became one of 15 national major investment universities of China. In 1984, HIT became one of the first 22 universities to establish a graduate school.
  • In 1996, HIT was established as a first-class university under Project 211 (a project of National Key Universities initiated by the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China).
  • In 1998, HIT was among the first 9 universities to be invited to join the Project 985 Club (a Chinese higher education system that provides funding priority to 39 leading research comprehensive universities).
  • In 2000, Harbin Institute of Technology merged with Harbin University of Architecture, one of the famous eight old schools in China with the same roots, and formed a new Harbin Institute of Technology.
  • In 2009, the Chinese C9 League was established by the Chinese central government, comprising a group of the top nine Chinese universities: Peking University, Tsinghua University, Harbin Institute of Technology, Fudan University, Nanjing University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, University of Science and Technology of China, Xi'an Jiao Tong University and Zhejiang University.[5]
  • In 2012, HIT was listed in the Universities and Colleges Innovation Promotion Plan (高等学校创新能力提升计划), the most recent national advanced innovation alliance.
  • In 2013, the results of the third round of discipline assessment were announced. The school has 16 first-level disciplines ranked in the top five in the country, and 25 disciplines rank among the top ten in the country; among them, the first-level discipline of mechanics ranks first in the nation.
  • In 2017, HIT was ranked as Class A (top tier) university in the Double First-Class Construction, the most recent elite Chinese universities program.[2]

University system and campuses

One University, Three Campuses

In 1985 HIT established a new campus in Weihai; then in 2000 Harbin University of Architecture merged into HIT in Harbin. In 2002 HIT found a new graduate school in Shenzhen. These three campuses form the Greater HIT structure.

  • Harbin Main Campus: located in the heavy industrial base area of China, specializes in engineering and especially defense, aerospace, mechanical, civil, environmental, and material engineering.
  • Weihai Campus: based in the national high-tech park of China, offers courses in science and technology and especially marine science, chemistry, biotechnology, automotive, software, computer, and management.
  • Shenzhen Campus: situated in the University Town of Shenzhen in collaboration with Peking University, Tsinghua University, and Hong Kong universities for research, applications, and production.

Harbin Campus (Main Campus)

The institute's main building is a smaller version of the main building of the Lomonosov Moscow State University with the majority of the buildings constructed during the time of Sino-Soviet friendship from 1949 to 1959 when the Soviet Union were actively involved in the development of Northeast China. The School of Architecture is located on No.66 of XiDazhi Street, near the Main Building. It originally belonged to HIT; however, when HIT was divided into three institutes in 1959, it was used by the Harbin Architectural and Civil Engineering Institute. After the integration of Harbin University of Architecture (formerly Harbin Architectural and Civil engineering Institute) into HIT, the building was renamed the "Civil Building", although it houses the school of architecture.

The No.2 campus in Harbin was originally a campus of the Harbin University of Architecture. All undergraduate students have spent their first year at this campus since 2003. School shuttles between two campuses are provided free of charge.

Weihai Campus

Weihai campus is located in Weihai's Torch Hi-Tech Science Park, a scenic seaside city on the Jiaodong Peninsula.

The campus, along with the picturesque scenery and mild climate, adjoins the sea (Golden Beach) and is surrounded by mountains. It is ranked in the best 50 universities in satisfaction degree in China.[6] It now covers totally 1,560,000 square metres (16,800,000 sq ft), with a construction area of 383,000 m2 (4,120,000 sq ft).

HIT, Weihai now has 10 schools and 1 department, 10,466 undergraduate students, 542 master students, 110 Ph.D. candidates, 89 international students, and 861 staff members, including 97 professors and 219 associate professors. HIT, Weihai provides 37 bachelor programs and shares HIT's 22 master programs and 18 doctoral programs, with the same HIT educational standards. Complementing to the Harbin campus, HIT, Weihai has developed with the characteristic disciplines such as Marine Science and Ocean Engineering, Automotive Engineering, and the highlights in the domains of Advanced Manufacturing, Information Technology and Electric Engineering, Computer Science and Software Engineering, Material Science and Engineering.[7]

Shenzhen Campus

Shenzhen Campus

Along with Tsinghua University and Peking University's graduate schools, the HIT Shenzhen Graduate School occupies 0.17 square kilometres (0.066 sq mi) of space within Shenzhen University Town. The Shenzhen Campus covers a total floor space of 73,700 square metres (793,000 sq ft) including teaching, research, administration, conference centers, student housing, and cafeteria. Additional space of approximately 53,500 square metres (576,000 sq ft) is under construction.

Administration and organization

Harbin Institute of Technology is organized into 20 full-time schools, which hold 73 undergraduate degree programs, 143 master programs, and 81 doctorate programs. Though most of HIT's schools focus on science and engineering, several schools offer courses in humanities, social sciences, and management. HIT does not have agriculture or medical school.

Academics

HIT operates on a year-round schedule that includes both a fall, a spring, and a summer semester. Winter and summer holidays are scheduled to occur between semesters. During vacation periods, the dormitories and select dining halls remain open for students.

Program

The Harbin campus of HIT offers 86 undergraduate degrees across its eighteen schools along with 41 master programs, 29 doctoral programs and 24 post-doctoral research programs.[8][9][10]

  • School of Architecture
  • School of Astronautics
  • School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
  • School of Civil Engineering
  • School of Computer Science and Technology
  • School of Economy and Management
  • School of Electrical Engineering and Automation
  • School of Electronics and Information Engineering
  • School of Energy Science and Engineering
  • School of International Studies
  • School of Life Science and Technology
  • School of Marxism
  • School of Material Science and Engineering
  • School of Mechatronics Engineering
  • School of Transportation Science and Technology
  • School of Science
  • School of Environment
  • School of Humanities, Social Science & Law

As of 2019, there were 15,675 undergraduate students, 6,518 doctoral students and 9,680 master graduate students at the Harbin campus, including 1,984 international students from 128 countries and regions.[11]

General Rankings

University rankings
Global – Overall
ARWU World[12]101-150 (2020)
CWUR World[13]184 (2023)
QS World[14]217 (2023)
THE World[15]168 (2024)
THE Reputation[16]126 (2022)
USNWR Global[17]196 (2023)
Regional – Overall
THE Emerging Economies[18]26 (2020)
USNWR Asia[19]27 (2022)
National – Overall
BCUR National[20]10 (2019)

Nationally, HIT is consistently ranked among China's top-10 research comprehensive universities and ranked No.1 in Northeast China region,[21] which includes the province of Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang with a combination of more than 100 million population.[22]

HIT was ranked 10th in China and 158th worldwide in 2023 in terms of aggregate performance from the three most widely observed university rankings (THE+ARWU+QS) as reported by the Aggregate Ranking of Top Universities.[23]

For 2022, HIT was ranked 196 by U.S. News & World Report,[17] # 184 by the Center for World University Rankings,[24] and 217 by QS World University Rankings.[25] In 2020, it was ranked in the 101-150 band by Academic Ranking of World Universities.[26]

Internationally, HIT is regarded as one of the most reputable Chinese universities by the Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings where it ranked 126th globally.[27] HIT graduates are highly desired worldwide, with its Graduate Employability rankings placed at # 143 globally in the 2021 Global Employability University Ranking by Times Higher Education.[28]

Subject rankings

Research at Harbin Institute of Technology spans a broad range of topics with a strong focus on engineering sciences.[29] HIT has been ranked in the top 10 Best Global Universities for Engineering by the U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Ranking since the ranking’s inception in 2014 by the US News & World Reports.[29][30] As of 2022, it is ranked 5th globally in Engineering.[31]

Global Subject Rankings by ARWU 2023 Rank[32]
Instruments Science & Technology 1
Biotechnology 4
Aerospace Engineering 5
Mechanical Engineering 5
Automation & Control 7
Metallurgical Engineering 7
Civil Engineering 9
Marine/Ocean Engineering 14
Chemical Engineering 17
Environmental Science & Engineering 22
Energy Science & Engineering 24
Library & Information Science 26
Computer Science & Engineering 27
Remote Sensing 28
Transportation Science & Technology 30
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology 31
Electrical & Electronic Engineering 35
Materials Science & Engineering 37
Telecommunication Engineering 47
Chemistry 51-75
Water Resources 51-75
Biomedical Engineering 76-100
Mathematics 76-100

Research

Research Outputs

Regarding scientific research output, the Nature Index 2023 ranked HIT the No.37 university in the Asia Pacific region, and 87th in the world among the global universities.[33] The 2023 CWTS Leiden Ranking ranked HIT 18th in the world by total publications and 30th in the world based on the number of their scientific publications belonging to the top 1% in their fields for the time period 2018–2021.[34]

HIT is one of the Seven Sons of National Defence.[35]

HIT completed the "Large-Size Vacuum Container Ground Simulation Equipment" project, an important national scientific research project.

Research teams

Harbin Institute of Technology has a high-level research faculty with over 2,900 full-time teachers and researchers, including 1,950 professors and associate professors, 41 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering, nearly 640 doctoral supervisors. It has 12 principal scientists working on Projects 973 and 13 "Young Experts with Prominent Contributions to the Country".

Laboratories and facilities

HIT currently has 7 State Key Laboratories and 3 National Engineering Laboratories granted and funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China, National Development and Reform Commission, and State Council of China.

  • State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining
  • State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
  • State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System

HIT also has 40 national key disciplines granted by the Ministry of Education P.R.C and 30 provincial / ministerial-level key laboratories.

Research expenditures

With a strong emphasis on scientific research, HIT has been bold and innovative in its scientific research and has consistently undertaken large-scale and highly sophisticated national projects. Because of this, funding for research increases yearly. In 2018, the total research funding from the government, industry, and business sectors reached 3.76 billion RMB yuan (about 537 million US dollars). The Harbin campus owned 3.2 billion yuan, the Shenzhen campus owned 443 million yuan, and the Weihai campus owned 132 million yuan. Some media reported that the total research expenditures of HIT reached 7.47 billion RMB yuan (about 1.07 billion US dollars) in 2019.

Contributions

Its faculty and students have invented many 'firsts' in China: the first analog computer in 1957, the first digital computer in 1958, the first intelligent chess computer, the first arc welding robot, the first world-class new system radar, the first IC CMOS chip with its own copyright, the first superway, computer real-time 3D image creation system, and the first high-performance computer controlled fiber twister.[36][37] HIT undertakes research covered by official secrets (e.g. in space science and defense-related technologies).[38][39] It made the largest contribution to the success of the Shenzhou series spacecraft and Kuaizhou series spacecraft.[40][41] One minor planet (#55838) is named after the Harbin Institute of Technology and nicknamed "Hagongda Star" by the International Astronomical Union for HIT's achievements in science and engineering.[42][43]

HIT is known to have close links to the People's Liberation Army and the space program of China as one of the main universities in China for space and defense-related research.[44] HIT has made major contributions to the Chinese Shenzhou spacecraft project. In 2010, the Astronautics Innovation Research Center was established at HIT in conjunction with the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. The establishment is the biggest investment of this class in China.[45] In May 2020, the United States Bureau of Industry and Security added to HIT to the Entity List for its alleged activities in support of the People's Liberation Army.[46][47]

The faculty, staff, and students at HIT have led the research and development of 20 satellites, which include:

  • Experimental satellites: Shiyan-1 (launched in 2004), Shiyan-3 (launched in 2008) and XJS-E (launched in 2020).
  • Quick response and rescue satellites: Kuaizhou-1 (launched in 2013) and Kuaizhou-2 (established in 2014).
  • Lunar orbiters and smashers: Longjiang-1 and Longjiang-2 (launched in 2018).
  • Satellites developed by students: LilacSat-1, LilacSat-2, and CE-4 (launched in 2015 and 2018).

Notable faculty and alumni

Academia and education

Business and entrepreneurship

Engineering and technology

Politics and government

Sports and arts

See also

References

  1. ↑ "2017年哈尔滨工业大学招生访谈——中国教育在线". www.eol.cn. Retrieved 2024-01-07.
  2. 1 2 3 "Harbin Institute of Technology". en.hit.edu.cn. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  3. ↑ "Harbin Institute of Technology". en.hit.edu.cn. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  4. ↑ "WelCome to Harbin Institute of Technology". Archived from the original on 2008-05-05. Retrieved 2008-10-01.
  5. ↑ "Eastern stars: Universities of China's C9 League excel in select fields". Times Higher Education (THE). 2011-02-17.
  6. ↑ 全国大学生满意度50强高校. Archived from the original on 6 June 2014. Retrieved 15 September 2014.
  7. ↑ "About Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai". HIT Weihai Copyright. Archived from the original on 2017-08-15. Retrieved 9 September 2014.
  8. ↑ "Harbin Institute of Technology". en.hit.edu.cn. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  9. ↑ "Harbin Institute of Technology". en.hit.edu.cn. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  10. ↑ "Harbin Institute of Technology". en.hit.edu.cn. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  11. ↑ "Harbin Institute of Technology". en.hit.edu.cn. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  12. ↑ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2020". shanghairanking.com. 17 September 2020. Archived from the original on 15 August 2020. Retrieved 17 September 2020.
  13. ↑ "GLOBAL 2000 LIST BY THE CENTER FOR WORLD UNIVERSITY RANKINGS 2023". Retrieved 2 August 2023.
  14. ↑ "QS World University Rankings". topuniversities.com. 17 September 2020. Archived from the original on 28 November 2015. Retrieved 17 September 2020.
  15. ↑ "World University Rankings". timeshighereducation.com. 27 September 2023. Archived from the original on 21 October 2018. Retrieved 27 September 2013.
  16. ↑ "THE Reputation World University Rankings 2022". 16 November 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
  17. 1 2 "US News 2020 Best Global Universities". usnews.com/education. 6 November 2019. Archived from the original on 23 October 2019. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
  18. ↑ "THE Emerging University Rankings 2020". 22 January 2020. Archived from the original on 28 March 2020. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
  19. ↑ "US News Asia University Rankings 2021". Archived from the original on 28 October 2014. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
  20. ↑ "Best Chinese Universities Ranking, Overall Ranking - 2018". Archived from the original on 2018-07-24. Retrieved 2018-07-24.
  21. ↑ "2015中国大学排名". www.shanghairanking.cn. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  22. ↑ "2019 中国最好大学排名". www.shanghairanking.cn. Retrieved 2022-10-31.
  23. ↑ "Aggregate Ranking of Top Universities 2023". research.unsw.edu.au. Retrieved 2023-12-11.
  24. ↑ "World University Rankings 2023 | Global 2000 List | CWUR". cwur.org. Retrieved 2023-08-03.
  25. ↑ "Harbin Institute of Technology". Top Universities. Retrieved 2022-10-13.
  26. ↑ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2019". shanghairanking.com. 21 September 2019. Archived from the original on 15 August 2019. Retrieved 21 September 2019.
  27. ↑ "World Reputation Rankings". Times Higher Education (THE). 2022-10-06. Retrieved 2022-11-16.
  28. ↑ "Best universities for graduate jobs: Global University Employability Ranking 2021 | Student". Times Higher Education. November 24, 2021. Archived from the original on 2021-11-25. Retrieved 2021-11-25.
  29. 1 2 "Best Global Universities for Engineering". Archived from the original on 2017-10-25. Retrieved 2017-10-25.
  30. ↑ "Top Engineering Universities in the World | US News Best Global Universities". US News. 2014-10-29. Archived from the original on 2014-10-29.
  31. ↑ "US News: Best Global Universities for Engineering 2022". U.S. News & World Report. 2021-10-26. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  32. ↑ "ShanghaiRanking-Univiersities". www.shanghairanking.com. Retrieved 2023-12-11.
  33. ↑ "2023 tables: Institutions - academic | Annual tables | Nature Index". www.nature.com. Retrieved 2023-08-03.
  34. ↑ Studies (CWTS), Centre for Science and Technology. "CWTS Leiden Ranking". CWTS Leiden Ranking. Retrieved 2023-08-02.
  35. ↑ Cong, Forest (4 June 2020). "US Ban on Chinese Students With Military Links Divides Experts on Impact". www.voanews.com. Retrieved 15 June 2021.
  36. ↑ "Harbin Institute of Technology". en.hit.edu.cn. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  37. ↑ "Harbin Institute of Technology". en.hit.edu.cn. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  38. ↑ "Kuaizhou – China secretly launches new quick response rocket". 25 September 2013. Archived from the original on 2014-08-12. Retrieved 2014-01-09. Built by the Harbin Institute of Technology, the new satellite will be used for emergency data monitoring and imaging...
  39. ↑ "Work at HIT as lecturer after graduation". Retrieved 2014-01-09.
  40. ↑ 哈尔滨工业大学新闻网. news.hit.edu.cn. Archived from the original on 12 July 2015. Retrieved 8 April 2018.
  41. ↑ "NASA Spaceflight: Kuaizhou-China secretly launches new quick response rocket". 25 September 2013. Archived from the original on 12 August 2014. Retrieved 15 September 2014.
  42. ↑ Near Earth Asteroids (NEAs): A Chronology of Milestones Archived 2013-12-05 at the Wayback Machine
  43. ↑ "News of ScienceNet: A minor planet named after Harbin Institute of Technology". Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2014.
  44. ↑ "Harbin Institute of Technology". Chinese Defence Universities Tracker. Australian Strategic Policy Institute. 23 November 2019. Archived from the original on 17 March 2020. Retrieved 2020-06-01.
  45. ↑ 提示信息. news.hit.edu.cn. Archived from the original on 11 May 2013. Retrieved 8 April 2018.
  46. ↑ "Commerce Department to Add Two Dozen Chinese Companies with Ties to WMD and Military Activities to the Entity List". U.S. Department of Commerce. May 22, 2020. Archived from the original on 2020-05-25. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  47. ↑ Arcibal, Cheryl (May 23, 2020). "US slaps sanctions on 33 Chinese companies and institutions, dialling up the tension amid the lowest point in US-China relations". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on May 24, 2020. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
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