January 2–4, 2014 North American blizzard
Category 2 "Significant" (RSI/NOAA: 3.22)
The winter storm approaching the East Coast late on January 2.
TypeExtratropical cyclone
Nor'easter
Winter storm
Blizzard
FormedDecember 30, 2013 (2013-12-30)
DissipatedJanuary 6, 2014 (2014-01-06)
Lowest pressure936 mb (27.64 inHg)
Lowest temperature-2°F[1] (Post-storm)
Maximum snowfall
or ice accretion		23.8 in (0.60 m) in Boxfield, Massachusetts
Fatalities16 fatalities
Damage$2.6 billion [2]
Areas affectedCentral United States, Eastern United States, Atlantic Canada, Western Europe

The January 2–4, 2014 North American blizzard was a major winter storm that affected much of the East Coast with snow, and frigid temperatures following the storm. The storm had dumped up to 2 ft (0.61 m) of snow in some areas, especially around Boston, Massachusetts.

Meteorological synopsis

On December 31, 2013, a low-pressure area formed near the Montana/Canada border and moved southward, along an arctic front, as a snow band formed ahead of the arctic front and extended from the central Great Plains to the lower Great Lakes region.[3]The next day, the low-pressure area moved further south towards Texas, while continuing to produce snowfall across the Great Plains.[3] The low then moved northeastward, reaching West Virginia on January 2, before dissipating.[3] The same day, a second low-pressure area formed across the southern Appalachian Mountains, rapidly intensifying while moving off the Mid-Atlantic and over the Gulf Stream as several weak low-pressure areas were also embedded with the complex low-pressure system.[3][4]

Early on January 3, the winter storm produced blizzard conditions, high wind gusts, and cold temperatures across portions of the Northeastern United States.[3] Several hours later, the low-pressure area moved away from the United States, though snow showers lingered throughout the Northeast.[3] After it had left the coast early that morning, it continued to strengthen and turn to the northeast, and late on January 4, it reached its peak intensity of 936 millibars (27.6 inHg) while situated near Greenland. It was then absorbed into another extratropical cyclone, which later developed into Cyclone Christina which brought high winds to western Europe several days later.

Aftermath and cold wave

Cyclone Christina (seen east of Newfoundland on January 4) later developed from the remnants of the nor'easter, bringing high winds and flooding to Western Europe.

After the storm passed, an arctic front associated with it passed through the region, bringing record cold temperatures in the eastern half of the United States.

On January 3, Boston had a temperature of 2 °F (−17 °C) with a −20 °F (−29 °C) wind chill, and over 7 inches (18 cm) of snow. Boxford, Massachusetts recorded 23.8 inches (60 cm). Fort Wayne, Indiana had a record low of −10 °F (−23 °C). In Michigan, over 11 inches (28 cm) of snow fell outside Detroit and temperatures around the state were near or below 0 °F (−18 °C). New Jersey had over 10 inches (25 cm) of snow, and schools and government offices closed.[5] Over a dozen deaths were attributed to the cold wave, with dangerous roadway conditions and extreme cold cited as causes.[6][7][8]

Evan Gold of weather intelligence firm Planalytics called the storm and the low temperatures the worst weather event for the economy since Hurricane Sandy just over a year earlier.[9] 200 million people were affected, and Gold calculated the impact at $5 billion.[9] $50 to $100 million was lost by airlines which cancelled a total of 20,000 flights after the storm began on January 2.[9] JetBlue suffered because 80% of its flights go through New York City or Boston.[9] Parents could not go to their offices and had to conduct remote work.[9] Not included in the total were the insurance industry and government costs for salting roads, overtime and repairs.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Winter Storm Hercules brings snow, kills at least 11". 3 January 2014.
  2. ↑ "Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters: Events". NOAA. February 2022. Retrieved February 20, 2022.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Kong, Kwan-Yin. "Central and Eastern U.S. Winter Storm" (PDF). Weather Prediction Center. Retrieved November 15, 2023.
  4. ↑ Ryan, Sean (January 2, 2014). "Storm Summary Message". Weather Prediction Center. Retrieved November 16, 2023.
  5. ↑ "Snow, cold disrupt large swath of US; more to come". Boston Globe. Associated Press. January 3, 2014. Archived from the original on January 14, 2014. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  6. ↑ DeMarche, Edmund (January 4, 2014). "'Polar vortex' set to bring dangerous, record-breaking cold to much of US". FoxNews.com. Fox News. Retrieved January 6, 2014.
  7. ↑ Castellano, Anthony (January 3, 2014). "At Least 13 Died in Winter Storm That Dumped More Than 2 Feet of Snow Over Northeast". ABC News.
  8. ↑ "North America arctic blast creeps east". BBC News. January 7, 2014. Retrieved January 7, 2014.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 "Deep freeze may have cost economy about $5 billion, analysis shows". Durangoherald.com. January 10, 2014. Retrieved 2014-01-15.
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