This is a list of wars involving the Republic of Chile from 1810 to the present.

  •   Chilean victory: in case of being an international war or that has an international scope due to the quality of the belligerents.
  •   Indecisive or inconclusive: in the case of a war of the same nature as in the case of a Chilean victory, but with an unclear or controversial result.
  •   Internal confrontation: in the case of a Chilean internal war, whatever the winning faction.
Confrontation Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Spanish American wars of independence
(1810–1833)

Chilean participation on:

 Patriots:[Note 3]

Amerindian allies of the Patriots

 Royalists:

Spain Spanish Monarchy

Amerindian allies of the Royalists

 Victory
  • End of all Spanish domains in Americas, with the exception of Cuba and Puerto Rico
  • Formation of the new Hispanic American states
  • The Banda Oriental, although it defeated the royalists, ended up being conquered by the Portuguese Empire in 1820
  • Subsequently, Spain recognizes each of the new Hispanic American states through the signing of international treaties[Note 4]
Conquest of Chiloé

(1820-1826)

 Chile  Spain Victory
Corsair Cruise Incident "La Argentina"

(1819)

 Chile  Río de la Plata Victory
Brigandage of the Pincheira Brothers
(1827–1832)		 Chile
 Río de la Plata
Pampas and Mapuche Allies		 Montoneras of Pincheira
Pampas and Mapuche Allies		 Victory
  • End of the montoneras of Pincheira and relocation in Chile of the families that lived in the Pincheira camps
  • The Chilean government pardoned José Antonio, the last leader of the Pincheira
  • Rural banditry persists for several years but to a lesser extent
  • Argentine campaign on the Desert (1833–34)
  • Sporadic conflicts in La Frontera (1835–1859)
Chilean Civil War of 1829–1830
(1829–1830)		 Pelucones Pipiolos Pelucones victory
Desert Campaign (1833–1834) Chile (co-belligerant)

 Argentine Confederation (primary combatant)

 Indians of Patagonia: Victory
La Frontera conflicts
(1835–1859) 		 Chile Mapuche Tribes Inconclusive
  • Chilean elites call for the incorporation the Araucanía to the Republic of Chile to end the Mapuche malones and prevent the Chilean dissidents from taking refuge in that territory
War of the Confederation
(1836–1839)		  Chile
Peru Peruvian Dissidents
  • Peru Peruvian Exiles (1836–1837)
  • Peru Government of La Fuente (1837)
  • Peru Peruvian Exiles (1837–1838)
  • Peru Government of Gamarra (1838–1839)
 Argentina		  Peru-Bolivian Confederation

Peru Orbegoso Government

 Victory
  • Dissolution of the Peru–Bolivian Confederation
  • The Orbegoso government is defeated during the course of the war
  • Restoration of the republics of Peru (unification of the North and South States of Peru) and Bolivia
  • Exile of Andrés de Santa Cruz
  • Chile obtains international prestige and the commercial hegemony of Valparaíso in the Pacific[4]
  • Military tension between Peru and Bolivia
  • Argentina, after the dissolution of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, negotiated with Bolivia the recovery of the territory it had lost during the war[5]
Uprising of Quillota
(1837)		 Chile Chilean Government Chile Rebels of Quillota Government victory
  • The rebels execute the Minister Diego Portales
  • Defeat of the rebels and execution of their leader, Colonel José Antonio Vidaurre
Iquicha War[Note 5]
(1839)		  Peru
 Chile		 Iquichanos Victory
  • Signature of the Treaty of Yanallay in which the Iquichanos submit to the Republic of Peru
  • Isolation of the caudillo Antonio Huachaca
Chilean Revolution of 1851
(1851)		 Chile Chilean Government Chile Liberal Rebels
Mapuche Allies 		Government victory
  • Survival of the conservative government
  • Repression and exile of intellectuals and liberal politicians
Chilean Revolution of 1859
(1859)		 Chile Chilean Government Liberal Rebels
Mapuche Allies		 Government victory
Occupation of Araucanía
(1861–1883) 		 Chile
Mapuche Allies		 Mapuche Tribes Victory
  • Incorporation of Araucanía into Chile
  • Fall of the Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia
  • The Mapuche tribes are concentrated in land reductions
  • Entry of Chileans and European immigrants into the territory
  • Infrastructure build-up in the territory
  • Violence and lawlessness in the areas for decades are generated
Chincha Islands War
(1864–1866)		  Chile
 Peru
 Ecuador
 Bolivia		  Spain Indecisive, both sides claimed victory
  • Spanish withdrawal from the Chincha Islands
  • Decline of the Chilean merchant fleet and subsequent resurgence
  • The state of war is maintained between the belligerent parties until the signing of an indefinite armistice in 1871
  • Subsequently, Spain and the South American allies signed peace treaties separately: Peru (1879), Bolivia (1879), Chile (1883) and Ecuador (1885)
War of the Pacific
(1879–1883)		  Chile  Peru
 Bolivia		 Victory
Panama Crisis

(1885)

 Colombia Colombia

 Chile

 Panamanian Rebels
United States United States		 Victory
Annexation of Easter Island

(1888)

  Chile Kingdom of Rapa Nui Victory
Chilean Civil War of 1891
(1891)		 Chile Chilean Government Chile Congressist Junta Congressist victory
Chile Chico War[10]
(1918)		 Chile Businessman Carlos von Flack
Chile Some contingents of the Army Carabineros Corps[Note 7]		 Chile Chilean settlers of Chile Chico Chilean settlers victory
  • Chilean government annulled the lease with Carlos Von Flack of the lands located on the south bank of the Buenos Aires Lake and recognized the right of Chilean settlers over them
  • Chilean government analyzes with greater rigor the contracts with exploitation companies
  • The position of the settlers was strengthened in front of the big exploiting companies during the colonization process of Aysén
  • The events attracted the interest of many Chileans to settle in these lands
Chilean naval mutiny of 1931
(1931)		 Chile Chilean Government Chile Chilean Navy Rebels Government victory
  • Capitulation of the navy and delivery of the ships to the government authorities
  • Court-martialed to the mutineers
World War II
(1943–1945)

Relevant milestones regarding Chile:

  • Covert operations against Nazi agents by the PDI through Department 50 (1939–1945)[13]
  • Cooperation with the United States before and after the official entry of Chile into the war[14]
  • Sinking of the steam Toltén (13 March 1942)[15]
  • Chile broke diplomatic relations with all the Axis powers (20 January 1943)
  • Nominal support of Allied forces in the Battle of the Caribbean
  • Surveillance, confinement and expulsion of Japanese accused of espionage, and to a lesser extent of Germans and Italians[16]
  • Chile declared war on Japan (13 April 1945)
  United States
 Soviet Union
 United Kingdom
 China
 France
 Poland
 Canada
 Australia
 New Zealand
 India
 South Africa
 Yugoslavia
 Greece
 Denmark
 Norway
 Netherlands
 Belgium
 Luxembourg
 Czechoslovakia
 Brazil
 Mexico
 Chile
 Bolivia
 Colombia
 Ecuador
 Paraguay
 Peru
 Venezuela
 Uruguay
 Argentina		  Germany
 Japan
 Italy
 Hungary
 Romania
 Bulgaria
 Croatia
 Slovakia
 Finland
 Thailand
 Manchukuo
 Mengjiang		 Victory

With respect to Chile:

  • Department 50 managed to interrupt the activities of German or pro-Nazi agents in Chile and help in other parts of Latin America[13]
  • Chilean authorities thwart Nazi plots to attack the Panama Canal and mines in northern Chile[17]
  • Chile becomes a founding member of the United Nations when it was established in 1945.[18]
  • Chile, as part of the allies, participated in the signing of the Treaty of San Francisco in 1951, which regularized the situation with Japan
Beagle conflict

(1958–1984)

  Chile  Argentina Victory
Laguna del Desierto incident

(1965)

  Chile  Argentina Stalemate
Armed Resistance in Chile
(1973–1990) 		Chile Chilean Government Far-left guerrillas:
 Government victory
  • The armed groups of the extreme left fail to overthrow the military government
  • With the national plebiscite of 1988, on 11 March 1990, the end of the military government and the beginning of the transition to democracy took place
  • The levels of violence carried out by armed groups of the extreme left diminished considerably with the return of democracy, since this fact led to the demobilization of most of them
  • Several isolated attacks continued, executed by dissident groups
2004 Haitian coup d'état

(2004)

  United Nations  Haiti Victory

Notes

  1. ↑ The Chilean privateer Los Andes attacked the royalist garrisons in different points of the western coast of present-day Colombia between 1819 and 1820, with the aim of supporting General Simón Bolívar's forces that were fighting in the interior.[1]
  2. ↑ The First Chilean Navy Squadron, commanded by Admiral Thomas Cochrane, was on the western coast of Mexico between 1821 and 1822.[2]
  3. ↑ In this section of "combatant 1" appear the independent governments that managed to consolidate at the end of the war, with the only exception of the Banda Oriental, which would have another destination. Later, some of these governments disintegrated, as happened with Gran Colombia (Colombia, Venezuela and Ecuador) or the First Mexican Empire (Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador and Costa Rica). Uruguay (ex Banda Oriental) and Panama would be formed because of other conflicts.
  4. ↑ On 25 April 1844, Spain officially recognized the independence of Chile through a Treaty of Peace and Friendship.[3]
  5. ↑ After the dissolution of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, the iquichano leader Antonio Huachaca provoked an armed uprising against the Chilean-Peruvian victors. Chilean troops fought against these rebels until peace was achieved.[6]
  6. ↑ During the course of the Pacific War, the United States intervened diplomatically in favor of Peru and Bolivia, trying to avoid the territorial cession in favor of Chile. This generated an atmosphere of tension or rivalry between both countries, especially because Chile emerged as a regional power after the war. The greatest example of this struggle between Chile and the United States was the Panama crisis of 1885.[8] The Chilean Civil War of 1891 would end up diminishing Chile's position against the United States.
  7. ↑ In 1903, the Army Carabineros Corps was created, in charge of exercising internal security functions.[11] This unit belonged to the cavalry branch of the Chilean Army.[12] On 27 April 1927, the Army Carabineros Corps merged with the Fiscal Police, thus forming the current institution known as Carabiniers of Chile.[12]

References

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  1. ↑ Uribe Orrego, Luis (1891). Los Oríjenes de nuestra marina militar, 1817-1819 (in Spanish). Vol. I. Santiago, Chile: Imprenta Nacional. pp. 93–98.
  2. ↑ López Urrutia, Carlos (2007). Historia de la Marina de Chile (in Spanish) (2 ed.). Santiago, Chile: El Ciprés Editores. pp. 170–198. ISBN 978-0-6151-8574-3.
  3. ↑ Barros Van Buren, Mario (1970). Historia diplomática de Chile (1541-1938) (in Spanish). Santiago, Chile: Editorial Andrés Bello. p. 174.
  4. ↑ Collier, Simon; Sater, William (1996). A History of Chile, 1808-1994. Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. p. 68. ISBN 0-521-56827-7.
  5. ↑ Musicó Aschiero, Ana María (June 2013). "Guerra de la Confederación Argentina con la Confederación Perú-Boliviana 1835-1839". Revista Digital Universitaria del Colegio Militar de la Nación (in Spanish). Buenos Aires, Argentina (33): 5–6. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  6. ↑ Galdo Gutiérrez, Virgilio (1992). Ayacucho: Conflictos y pobreza, historia regional (siglos XVI-XIX) (in Spanish). Ayacucho, Perú: San Cristóbal of Huamanga University. pp. 179–180.
  7. 1 2 Tapia Figueroa, Claudio (2016). "La política chilena en la postguerra del Pacífico: Poder, influencia y relaciones con Ecuador" (PDF). FONDECYT, Federico Santa María Technical University (in Spanish). Valparaíso, Chile: 129. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  8. ↑ Rubilar Luengo, Mauricio (2012). La política exterior de Chile durante la guerra y postguerra del Pacífico (1879-1891): Las relaciones con Estados Unidos y Colombia: Diplomacia, opinión pública y poder naval (Thesis) (in Spanish). Valladolid, España: University of Valladolid. pp. 471–472.
  9. ↑ Varela Münchmeyer, Eugenio (January–February 1992). "Manejo de crisis. Situación Chile-Estados Unidos en 1891-1892" (PDF). Revista de Marina (in Spanish). Viña del Mar, Chile. 109 (806): 2–3. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  10. ↑ Ivanoff Wellmann, Danka (1999). La guerra de Chile Chico o los sucesos del lago Buenos Aires (in Spanish). Chile. pp. 1–118.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  11. ↑ Gazmuri, Cristián (2014). Historia de Chile 1891-1994: Política, economía, sociedad, cultura, vida privada, episodios (in Spanish). Santiago, Chile: RIL Editores. p. 51.
  12. 1 2 Estado Mayor General del Ejército (1980). Historia del Ejército de Chile: La Primera Guerra Mundial y su influencia en el ejército (1914–1940) (in Spanish). Vol. VIII. Santiago, Chile: Impresos Vicuña. p. 257.
  13. 1 2 Flores, Jonathan (June 23, 2017). "Departamento 50: La unidad de inteligencia de la PDI que combatió a los nazis en Chile". BiobioChile.cl (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  14. ↑ Nocera, Raffaele (July–December 2005). "Ruptura con el eje y alineamiento con Estados Unidos. Chile durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial". Historia Journal, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile (in Spanish). Santiago, Chile. 2 (38): 442. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  15. ↑ Pugh Gillmore, Kenneth (January–February 2004). "¿Quién hundió al Toltén?" (PDF). Revista de Marina (in Spanish). Viña del Mar, Chile. 121 (878): 1–9. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  16. ↑ Paredes Venegas, Mauricio (2012). Nacionalismo, seguridad y presión internacional. La relegación de japoneses en Chile durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial (Thesis) (in Spanish). Santiago, Chile: Universidad de Chile. pp. 1–742.
  17. ↑ Daley, Jason (27 June 2017). "Documents Show Chile Foiled Nazi Plot to Attack Panama Canal". Smithsonianmag.com.
  18. ↑ Barros Van Buren, Mario (1998). Diplomacia chilena en la II Guerra Mundial (in Spanish). Santiago, Chile: Ediciones Arquen. p. 105.
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