Maqluba
Alternative namesMaaluba, magluba, maqlouba, Maqlooba
CourseMeal
Place of originLevant
Region or stateMiddle East
Serving temperatureHot
Main ingredientsMeat, rice, and vegetables (tomato, cauliflower, potato, eggplant)

Maqluba (Arabic: مقلوبة, lit. 'upside-down') is a traditional Middle Eastern dish that is popular across the Levant including in Palestine, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon,[1][2] and Iraq.[3][4][5][6][7]

The earliest mention of the dish is found in a 13th century cookbook, Kitab al-Tabikh, written by Muhammad Baghdadi during the Abbasid Caliphate.[8]

It consists of meat, rice, and fried vegetables placed in a pot which is flipped upside down when served, hence the name.[9]

The dish has featured in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Palestinians have described attempts to label the dish as Israeli as amounting to cultural appropriation.[10] The dish has been used by Palestinian activists to mobilize people to join protests at the Aqsa mosque in Israeli-occupied East Jerusalem.[11]

Maqluba showing layers

History

The earliest mention of the dish is found in a 13th-century cookbook, Kitab al-Tabikh, written by Muhammad bin Hasan al-Baghdadi during the Abbasid Caliphate.[8]

Politics

The dish has featured in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Palestinians have described attempts to label the dish as Israeli as amounting to cultural appropriation.[10] The dish was used by Palestinian activists to mobilize people to join protests at the Aqsa mosque in the Israeli-occupied East Jerusalem.[11] In 2017, Israeli police arrested a Palestinian woman who had organized a maqluba eating gathering at the Aqsa mosque.[11]

Since the unsuccessful coup attempt in Turkey in 2016, the dish is seen as a "Gulenist delicacy". It is assessed as strong evidence of membership of the Gülen movement.[12]

Ingredients

Maqluba can include various vegetables, such as fried tomatoes, potatoes, cauliflower, and eggplant, accompanied by either chicken or lamb.[13] The most common are cauliflower and eggplant. All the ingredients are carefully placed in the pot in layers, so that when the pot is inverted for serving, the dish looks like a layer cake.[9][14]

Maqluba is typically garnished with pine nuts and chopped fresh parsley.[15] It is sometimes served with salad and fresh yogurt, and is often prepared for feasts and large gatherings.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Shaheen (29 January 2020). "Maqluba--The Paella of Palestine". Arab America. Retrieved 2020-07-20.
  2. ↑ Behnke, Alison (2005). Cooking the Middle Eastern way. Ehramjian, Vartkes. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications Co. p. 50. ISBN 0-8225-3288-3. OCLC 59008909.
  3. ↑ Bidoun. "Cooking with Maha Alusi". Bidoun. Retrieved 2019-01-04.
  4. ↑ Timothy L. Gall; Jeneen Hobby (2009). Worldmark Encyclopedia of Cultures and Daily Life. Gale. p. 782. ISBN 978-1-4144-4892-3. The most traditional Palestinian meals are maqluba, musakhan, and mansaf
  5. ↑ Ottolenghi, Yotam (2015). "Jerusalem on a Plate". Gastronomica: The Journal of Critical Food Studies. University of California Press. 15 (1): 3. doi:10.1525/gfc.2015.15.1.1. ISSN 1529-3262. Maqluba, an upside-down rice and vegetable cake that is actually Palestinian
  6. ↑ Elizabeth Carty (24 September 2012). Shrewd Food: A New Way of Shopping, Cooking and Eating. Hachette Books Ireland. ISBN 9781444725780.
  7. ↑ Swift, Robert (2016-03-07). "Maqluba - Eating Upside Down". The Media Line. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  8. 1 2 "Ramadan recipe: maqluba – upside-down lamb, aubergine and rice". The National. 18 April 2021. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  9. 1 2 Lam, Francis (5 January 2017). "A Middle Eastern Layer Cake for Dinner". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 November 2018.
  10. 1 2 "On the Settler Colonial Elimination of Palestine Get access Arrow". Cornell University Press. 1 December 2020. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  11. 1 2 3 "Palestinian national dish fuels Al-Aqsa protests". Almonitor. 11 January 2018. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  12. ↑ Gauthier-Villars, David (2018-04-17). "U.S. Pastor Held in Turkey Denies Links to Terrorists". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2020-12-17.
  13. ↑ "Cooks.com - Recipe - Maqluba (Cauliflower with rice)".
  14. ↑ Linda Gradstein (6 December 2015). "Eucalyptus offers food from the Bible". Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 12 November 2018.
  15. ↑ "Maqlooba (Maqluba), Palestinian Upside Down Rice Recipe". LinsFood | by Azlin Bloor. 2013-07-21. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
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