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Maple leaf in October (Northern hemisphere).

October is the tenth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Its length is 31 days. The eighth month in the old calendar of Romulus c. 750 BC, October retained its name (from Latin and Greek ôctō meaning "eight") after January and February were inserted into the calendar that had originally been created by the Romans. In Ancient Rome, one of three Mundus patet would take place on October 5, Meditrinalia October 11, Augustalia on October 12, October Horse on October 15, and Armilustrium on October 19. These dates do not correspond to the modern Gregorian calendar. Among the Anglo-Saxons, it was known as Winterfylleth (Ƿinterfylleþ), because at this full moon, winter was supposed to begin.[1]

October is commonly associated with the season of spring in parts of the Southern Hemisphere, and autumn in parts of the Northern Hemisphere, where it is the seasonal equivalent to April in the Southern Hemisphere and vice versa.

Symbols

The calendula
An opal armband. Opal is the birthstone for October.
An opal armband. Opal is the birthstone for October.
Cut tourmaline
Cut tourmaline

October's birthstones are the tourmaline and opal.[2] Its birth flower is the calendula.[3] The zodiac signs are Libra (until October 22) and Scorpio (from October 23 onward).[4][5]

Observances

This list does not necessarily imply either official status or general observance.

Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary, whose devotion and Feast are celebrated in October

Non-Gregorian: 2024 dates

(All Baha'i, Islamic, and Jewish observances begin at the sundown prior to the date listed, and end at sundown of the date in question unless otherwise noted.)

Month-long

United States

The last two to three weeks in October (and, occasionally, the first week of November) are normally the only time of the year during which all of the "Big Four" major professional sports leagues in the U.S. and Canada schedule games; the National Basketball Association begins its preseason and about two weeks later starts the regular season, the National Hockey League is about one month into its regular season, the National Football League is about halfway through its regular season, and Major League Baseball is in its postseason with the League Championship Series and World Series. To date there have been 30 occasions in which all four leagues played games on the same day (an occurrence popularly termed a sports equinox), with the most recent of these having taken place on October 30, 2023.[18] Additionally, the Canadian Football League is typically nearing the end of its regular season during this period, while Major League Soccer is beginning the MLS Cup Playoffs.

United States, culinary

Movable, 2022 dates

October 2

First Sunday: October 2

First full week: October 2–8

First Monday: October 3

First Tuesday: October 4

First Wednesday: October 5

First Thursday: October 6

First Friday: October 7

Second Saturday: October 8

Second Sunday: October 9

Week of October 9: October 9–15

Week of October 10: October 9–15

Second Monday: October 10

Second Tuesday: October 11

Second Wednesday: October 12

Wednesday of second full week in October: October 12

Second Thursday: October 13

Second Friday: October 14

Third Saturday: October 15

Third Sunday: October 16

Third Monday: October 17

Third Thursday: October 20

Fourth Saturday: October 22

Week of Fourth Wednesday: October 23–29

Fourth Monday: October 24

Fourth Wednesday: October 26

Last Friday: October 28

Last Sunday: October 30

Last Monday: October 31

Fixed

October, from the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry
A shop in Derry decorated for Halloween
Halloween pumpkins

Miscellaneous

Wikiquote has quotations related to October.
Look up October in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to October.
  1. ↑ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "October" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  2. ↑ "Gemstone Leaflet" (PDF). Jewelers of America. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-22. Retrieved Jan 22, 2012.
  3. ↑ SHG Resources. "Birth Months, Flowers, and Gemstones". SHG Resources. Archived from the original on 2012-09-11. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
  4. ↑ The Earth passes the junction of the signs at 22:59 UT/GMT October 22, 2020, and will pass it again at 04:51 UT/GMT October 23, 2021.
  5. ↑ "Astrology Calendar", yourzodiacsign. Signs in UT/GMT for 1950–2030.
  6. ↑ "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Special Devotions For Months". Newadvent.org. Retrieved 2012-10-24.
  7. ↑ "Health Literacy Month – Finding the Right Words for Better Health". www.healthliteracymonth.org.
  8. ↑ "SDMS Medical Ultrasound Awareness Month". www.sdms.org.
  9. ↑ "Home - Rettsyndrome.org". www.rettsyndrome.org. Archived from the original on 2016-10-10. Retrieved 2016-10-07.
  10. ↑ Archived February 8, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  11. ↑ "Hultin G. Why Celebrate Vegetarian Awareness Month? Food & Nutrition, October 7, 2014, Accessed November 14, 2018". 13 October 2021.
  12. ↑ "Vegetarian Awareness Month: Celebrating Meatless Mindfulness, Oldways website, September 28, 2017, Accessed November 14, 2018".
  13. ↑ "World Vegetarian Day, October 1. North American Vegetarian Society (the North American WVD sponsor explains that "World Vegetarian Day [on] October 1st is the annual kick-off of Vegetarian Awareness Month", accessed November 14, 2018".
  14. ↑ "Palmer S. World Vegetarian Awareness Month. Vegan Outreach website, October 2, 2017, Accessed November 14, 2018". 3 October 2017.
  15. ↑ "October is National Vegetarian Awareness Month. Fix.com. October 1, 2014, Accessed November 14, 2018".
  16. ↑ "Celebrate Vegetarian Awareness Month. Fruits & Veggies: More Matters. Monday, October 14, 2013, at 4:00 am. Accessed November 14, 2018".
  17. ↑ "Gerber J. 9 Easy Wasys to Celebrate Vegetarian Awareness Month. Care2. October 1, 2012. Accessed November 14, 2018". Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 15, 2018.
  18. ↑ Nivison, Austin (October 30, 2023). "Sports Equinox 2023: NFL, NBA, NHL and MLB games taking place on same day for 30th time in history". CBS Sports.
  19. ↑ "American Archives Month". National Archives. 2017-06-22. Retrieved 2018-09-25.
  20. ↑ "October is Adopt a Shelter Dog Month". ASPCA. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  21. ↑ "About NCSAM". www.staysafeonline.info. Archived from the original on October 5, 2009.
  22. ↑ "American Pharmacists Month 2011". Pharmacist.com. Archived from the original on October 11, 2007. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
  23. ↑ "Little People of the World".
  24. ↑ "Little People of America". Archived from the original on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2014-09-30.
  25. ↑ "Eczema Awareness Month – National Eczema Association". National Eczema Association. Archived from the original on 2015-05-20. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  26. ↑ "ADHA – October is National Dental Hygiene Month". Adha.org. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
  27. ↑ "Healthy Lung Month – Lung problems". 5 October 2012.
  28. ↑ "Observing Infertility Awareness Month". Library.adoption.com. Archived from the original on 2008-08-28. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
  29. ↑ "Liver Awareness Month". www.liverfoundation.org. 4 August 2017. Archived from the original on 29 September 2016. Retrieved 6 October 2016.
  30. ↑ Archived November 21, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  31. ↑ APTA | National Physical Therapy Month Archived January 5, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  32. ↑ "Spina Bifida Association – Spina Bifida Association". Sbaa.org. Archived from the original on 2007-10-14. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
  33. ↑ "October is SIDS Awareness Month". www.nichd.nih.gov.
  34. ↑ "National Pizza Month". Pizza.com. Retrieved 2012-10-24.
  35. ↑ "Popcorn Poppin' Month". Popcorn.org. Retrieved 2012-10-24.
  36. ↑ "October is National Pork Month". ThePigSite. 2007-10-02.
  37. ↑ "NOAA Fisheries Celebrates National Seafood Month". NOAA.gov. 2017-10-01. Retrieved 2017-10-09.
  38. ↑ Szoó, Attila (26 October 2020). ""Brussels should pay attention to the Szeklers" – Day of Szekler Autonomy". Transylvania Now.
  39. ↑ "Diversity – UMUC". www.umuc.edu. Archived from the original on 2016-09-19. Retrieved 2016-08-20.
  40. ↑ "October doth before us go (feat. Leisha Stevens)". YouTube. Archived from the original on 2021-12-11. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
  41. ↑ "October doth before us go (feat. Leisha Stevens)". Amazon. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
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