Phikmvvirus
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Duplodnaviria
Kingdom: Heunggongvirae
Phylum: Uroviricota
Class: Caudoviricetes
Order: Caudovirales
Family: Autographiviridae
Subfamily: Krylovirinae
Genus: Phikmvvirus

Phikmvvirus is a genus of viruses that infect bacteria. There are currently 16 species in this genus including the type species Pseudomonas virus phiKMV.[1][2] Bacteriophage phiKMV[3] and its relatives are known to be highly virulent phages, producing large (3–15 mm (0.12–0.59 in) diameter) clear plaques on a susceptible host.[4][5] The only reported exception is phage LKA1, which yields small plaques (1 mm (0.039 in)) surrounded by a halo. While all other P. aeruginosa-specific phikmvviruses use the Type IV pili as primary receptor, LKA1 particles attach to the bacterial lipopolysaccharide layer.

Taxonomy

The following species are recognized:[2]

  • Pseudomonas virus 130-113
  • Pseudomonas virus 15pyo
  • Pseudomonas virus Ab05
  • Pseudomonas virus ABTNL
  • Pseudomonas virus DL62
  • Pseudomonas virus kF77
  • Pseudomonas virus LKD16
  • Pseudomonas virus LUZ19
  • Pseudomonas virus MPK6
  • Pseudomonas virus MPK7
  • Pseudomonas virus NFS
  • Pseudomonas virus PAXYB1
  • Pseudomonas virus phiKMV
  • Pseudomonas virus PT2
  • Pseudomonas virus PT5
  • Pseudomonas virus RLP

Virology

Electron microscopic imaging of purified phage particles revealed these phages as typical members of the Podoviridae, with a head diameter of approximately 60 nm (2.4×10−6 in) and a stubby tail with a length of 8–10 nm. Although phiKMV phage resembles the well-studied podovirus T7 in overall genome architecture, it was the first known T7-like phage which encoded a single-subunit RNA polymerase gene downstream its DNA metabolism genes instead of in the early genomic region. Based on these properties, the genus Phikmvvirus is classified within the Autographiviridae.[6]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
PhikmvvirusHead-TailT=7Non-envelopedLinearMonopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by absorption into the host cell. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by lysis, and holin/endolysin/spanin proteins. Bacteria serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are passive diffusion.[1]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
PhikmvvirusBacteriaNoneInjectionLysisCytoplasmCytoplasmPassive diffusion

References

  1. 1 2 "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  2. 1 2 "Virus Taxonomy: 2019 Release". talk.ictvonline.org. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  3. ↑ Lavigne, Rob; Burkal'tseva, Maria V.; Robben, Johan; Sykilinda, Nina N.; Kurochkina, Lidia P.; Grymonprez, Barbara; Jonckx, Bart; Krylov, Victor N.; et al. (2003). "The genome of bacteriophage φKMV, a T7-like virus infecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa". Virology. 312 (1): 49–59. doi:10.1016/S0042-6822(03)00123-5. PMID 12890620.
  4. ↑ Ceyssens, P.-J.; Lavigne, R.; Mattheus, W.; Chibeu, A.; Hertveldt, K.; Mast, J.; Robben, J.; Volckaert, G. (2006). "Genomic Analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Phages LKD16 and LKA1: Establishment of the KMV Subgroup within the T7 Supergroup". Journal of Bacteriology. 188 (19): 6924–31. doi:10.1128/JB.00831-06. PMC 1595506. PMID 16980495.
  5. ↑ Lammens, E.; Ceyssens, P.-J.; Voet, M.; Hertveldt, K.; Lavigne, R.; Volckaert, G. (2009). "Representational Difference Analysis (RDA) of bacteriophage genomes". Journal of Microbiological Methods. 77 (2): 207–13. doi:10.1016/j.mimet.2009.02.006. PMID 19232531.
  6. ↑ Lavigne, Rob; Seto, Donald; Mahadevan, Padmanabhan; Ackermann, Hans-W.; Kropinski, Andrew M. (2008). "Unifying classical and molecular taxonomic classification: analysis of the Podoviridae using BLASTP-based tools". Research in Microbiology. 159 (5): 406–14. doi:10.1016/j.resmic.2008.03.005. PMID 18555669.

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