Road–rail bridges are bridges shared by road and rail lines. Road and rail may be segregated so that trains may operate at the same time as cars (e.g., the Sydney Harbour Bridge). The rail track can be above the roadway or vice versa with truss bridges. Road and rail may share the same carriageway so that road traffic must stop when the trains operate (like a level crossing), or operate together like a tram in a street (street running).

Road–rail bridges are sometimes called combined bridges.^[1]

Afghanistan

Afghanistan–Uzbekistan Friendship Bridge

• Afghanistan–Uzbekistan Friendship Bridge between Termez and Jeyretan.

Argentina

• Transandine Railway rail tunnel converted to road use for time being, albeit single lane.
• Zárate–Brazo Largo Bridge
• San Roque González de Santa Cruz Bridge, between Posadas, Argentina, and Encarnación, Paraguay.

Australia

Former

Paringa Bridge showing bicycle path on former railway through the middle

• Menindee – separated in the 1970s.
• Penrith – separated in 1907 by construction of separate railway bridge.
• Tocumwal – separated by construction of adjacent road-only bridge in 1987.^[10]
• Murray Bridge^[11] from the opening of the railway in 1886 until a separate rail bridge was opened in 1925.
• Paringa Bridge, from its opening in 1927^[12][13] until the Barmera railway line closed in 1982.^[14] The railway area was converted to a cycleway in 1986. Originally one lane of traffic and the railway shared the area within the truss spans, but a single-lane deck was later attached to either outer side of the trusses to separate road and rail traffic.
• Echuca–Moama, opened in 1879, road only since adjacent rail-only bridge opened in 1989.^[15]
• Gonn Crossing, 1926, on the Stony Crossing railway line. Road only since the rail line closed in 1964.
• Robinvale, 1927, as part of the Robinvale railway line. Road only after construction of the line was abandoned in 1943. Replaced by a new road bridge in 2006.^[16]
• Camden Rail bridge attached to the road bridge until line closure in 1963.
• North Richmond, Rail bridge attached to the road bridge on the Kurrajong railway line until line closure in 1952.

Bangladesh

• Jamuna Bridge
• Padma Bridge

Botswana

• Kazungula Bridge^[17]

Brazil

• Rollemberg–Vuolo Road–Railway Bridge over Paraná River
• Mixed Bridge of Marabá over Tocantins River

Bulgaria

• Vidin, Bulgaria – Calafat, Romania – 2013 single track^[18]
• Danube bridge to Romania^[19]

Cameroon

• Wouri River bridge, in Douala – almost unserviceable because of poor condition^[20][21]
• Bonabéri–Douala over Wouri River estuary

Canada

Alberta

• High Level Bridge, Edmonton

British Columbia

• Derwent Way Bridge, Delta–New Westminster
• Mission Railway Bridge, Mission–Abbotsford; Rail only since the opening of the road only Mission Bridge

Nova Scotia

• Canso Canal Bridge, Port Hastings

Ontario

• Alexandra Bridge, Ottawa until the tracks were removed
• Prince Edward Viaduct, Toronto since 1966 when the subway was commissioned on the lower decks
• Whirlpool Rapids Bridge, Niagara Falls, Ontario, carries passenger rail on the upper level, commuter autos on the lower level between Ontario and New York

Québec

• Victoria Bridge, Montreal
• Quebec Bridge, Québec City
• The new Champlain Bridge when the Réseau électrique métropolitain is installed

Saskatchewan

• St. Louis Bridge – 1915 rail only; 1928 road–rail; 1983; road only.
• Canadian Northern Railway Bridge (Prince Albert) – 1909–1960 road–rail; 1960 rail only;
  • also a swing bridge 1909–1939
• Crooked Bridge – 1930
• CPR Bridge (Saskatoon) rail 1908; rail and pedestrian 1909

China (mainland)

Czech Republic

• Bechyně. In 1928 a bridge was constructed to carry the railway line and road from Tábor into Bechyně. Previously the line had stopped on the other side of a deep gorge from the town and access was by way of a steep road and narrow bridge. The rail line runs in the roadway for 100 m and traffic stopped by lights as for a grade crossing.^[22]

Democratic Republic of the Congo

• Kongolo Bridge
• Brazzaville–Kinshasa Bridge – proposed ^[23]
• Matadi Bridge – railway yet to be used. Built 1983.^[24] Angola would like to use this bridge to reach their exclave of Cabinda.

Denmark

• Great Belt Fixed Link, the Western Bridge.
• Little Belt Bridge
• Øresund Bridge
• Masnedsund Bridge
• Storstrøm Bridge – A replacement bridge is under constriction, also road-rail, will have the same name
• King Frederik IX Bridge
• King Christian X Bridge in Sønderborg, railway closed.
• Oddesund Bridge
• Hadsund Bridge, railway closed, bridge replaced.

Egypt

• Proposed road-rail tunnel under Suez Canal^[25]
• Suez Canal road rail bridge at El Hammad^[26]

Estonia

• Papiniidu Bridge, Pärnu

Fiji

• On Viti Levu the CSR Company was obliged to provide road-rail bridges when it built bridges for the Cane Trains to their sugar mills, e.g. the two largest bridges over the Ba and Sigatoka Rivers. Many are now rail-only as separate road bridges has been built.
• The Ba Bridge (550 ft; 170 m) has 19 spans, 17 standard spans (30 ft; 9.1 m) and a short span at each end, and has been rail-only for many years. The Sigatoka Bridge (810 ft; 250 m) has 27 spans. Both bridges are prone to hurricane damage due to extra flow of water; the Ba Bridge often disappears under water but is not always damaged (see Cane Trains).
  • Sigatoka Bridge was washed away by storms, January 2009.^[27]

Finland

• Ounaskoski bridge
• Bridge in Keminmaa

France

• Cize-Bolozon viaduct on the Ligne du Haut-Bugey built 1882, destroyed by the maquis in 1945, rebuilt 1950
• Pont Morand, Lyon
• Pont de Recouvrance, Brest – road & tramway – includes lifting span^[28]
• Beatus Rhenanus Bridge
• Viaduc de Salles at Giroussens, Tarn, on the Chemin de fer touristique du Tarn

Germany

• Fehmarn Sound bridge
• Lindaunis Bridge
• Kattwykbrücke^[29] - Hamburg, new railroad bridge being built next to existing bridge, opening December 2020
• Moselbrücke Bullay – double deck road and rail bridge^[30]
• Oberbaumbrücke
• Peenebrücke Wolgast
• Rügendamm
• Elbbrücke Lauenburg

Ghana

• Unknown location with YouTube movie^[31]

Guatemala

• Puente Rodolfo Robles

Hong Kong

Hungary

• Bridge over the Tisza near Kisköre^[36]
• Türr István híd over the Danube near Baja^[37]

India

• Bogibeel bridge, Assam

The Digha–Sonpur Bridge (JP Setu) over the Ganges connecting the cities of Patna and Sonpur

• Digha–Sonpur bridge, Bihar
• Godavari Bridge, Andhra Pradesh
• Naranarayan Setu, Assam
• Saraighat Bridge, Assam
• Koilwar Bridge, Bihar
• Rajendra Setu, Bihar
• Munger Ganga Bridge, Bihar
• Farakka Barrage, West Bengal
• Vivekananda Setu, West Bengal
• Strachey Bridge, Agra, Uttar Pradesh
• Old Naini Bridge, Allahabad
• Old Yamuna Bridge, Delhi
• Malaviya Bridge, Varanasi Over Ganga in U.P.

Indonesia

• Cirahong Bridge – opened in 1893^[38]

Iraq

• River Tigris in Baghdad – 1950^[39]

Italy

Japan

North Korea

• Sino-Korean Friendship Bridge
• Korea Russia Friendship Bridge

South Korea

• Cheongdam Bridge
• Dongho Bridge
• Dongjak Bridge
• Yeongjong Bridge

Laos

• First Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge

Macau

• Ponte de Sai Van (space reserved for a rail-link in future)

Mexico

• Puente Rodolfo Robles

Mozambique

• The Dona Ana Bridge has carried rail and road traffic, but not at the same time.

Myanmar

• Mu River
• Ye River – 240m
• Thanlwin Bridge in Moulmein, which is 2400m long

New Zealand

The Coastal Pacific using the upper level of the Seddon bridge in April 2007. Road vehicles used the lower level until a new bridge was opened in November 2007.

A 1930 report listed 33 bridges and estimated that the cost of bridge-keepers, extra maintenance for the decks, etc. amounted to £15,500 a year, as against £4,307 paid to NZR.^[42]

Current

• Alexandra – Manuherikia River, Central Otago Line – single level, shared deck (rail closed)
• Okahukura – Stratford–Okahukura Line between Taumarunui and Ōhura – two level, road under rail 1933-2009 (rail disused)
• Taramakau River – Ross Branch – single level, shared deck
• Hindon, New Zealand – Taieri Gorge Railway – single level – converted from rail only
• Sutton, near Middlemarch, New Zealand – Taieri Gorge Railway – single level
• Napier – Palmerston North – Gisborne Line – single level, separate decks (road closed)
• Inangahua – Stillwater–Ngawakau Line – single level, separate decks

Section of Arahura Bridge – standing beside the new bridge as an example of this rare type of construction

• Arahura, near Hokitika – Ross Branch – single level, separate decks (replaced single level, shared deck bridge)
• Seddon – Main North Line over Awatere River – two level, single lane road under rail (road closed in November 2007); see picture above of Coastal Pacific crossing the bridge in April 2007

Nigeria

• River Benue road rail bridge at Makurdi ^[49]

Norway

• Rødberg Bridge carried the now closed Numedal Line to its terminus in Rødberg and the highway continuing to Geilo over Upsetelva in the center of Rødberg. The rails are still in place, covered by tarmac. There has been no rail traffic on Numedalsbanen since 1988. The railway is in the road, so car traffic had to stop when trains were passing.
• Bruhaug Bridge, also on Numedal Line carried both the railway and local car traffic over the river Numedalslågen. The road surface is wood.
• Hølendalen Bridge, near Moss. Motorway and railway, parallel separate bridges.
• Nygård Bridge in Bergen carries both the Bergen Light Rail and a street. A parallel bridge carries European Route E39.

Pakistan

Railway Track under Metro Bus Track on Gate of Rawalpindi City near Marirh Chowk Muree Road Rawalpindi

Paraguay

• See above for the cross-border bridge to Argentina

Philippines

Guadalupe Bridge

• Guadalupe Bridge in the Makati-Mandaluyong border over the Pasig River. The rail bridge of Line 3 is above the road bridge carrying EDSA.

Portugal

• 25 de Abril Bridge
• Pocinho Bridge in Vila Nova de Foz Côa (closed)
• Ponte Eiffel
• Ponte de Jafafe in Sernada do Vouga single level bridge over Vouga River used by Linha do Vouga
• Ponte Luís I
• Ponte de Valença in Valença, Portugal over Minho (river) used by Ramal Internacional de Valença

Romania

• Vidin, Bulgaria – Calafat, Romania – 2013 single track^[18]
• Danube bridge to Bulgaria^[19]
• Bridge over the Siret river

Russia

• Khabarovsk Bridge over the Amur River
• Komsomolsk-on-Amur Bridge over the Amur River
• Nizhny Novgorod over River Oka^[50]
• Crimean Bridge over Kerch Strait

Serbia

• Ada Bridge (rail track under construction)
• Pančevo Bridge
• Road–Railway Bridge (same carriageway, temporary, demolished 2018/19)
• Žeželj Bridge
• Rača Bridge (same carriageway until 2010, when a dedicated road bridge was built next to it)
• Orlovat Bridge (same carriageway)
• Titel Bridge

Slovakia

• Prístavný most (Harbour Bridge) over Danube river from Bratislava center to Petržalka district

South Africa

• Buffalo River at East London harbour (double-deck bridge)
• Umkomaas, KZN south coast
• Port Shepstone, KZN south coast
• Caledon River at Maseru
• Fairy Knowe (Wilderness)
• Qamata
• Tugela (at one time, many years ago)^[51]

Sri Lanka

• Manampitiya Bridge over the Mahaweli River – This narrow bridge is used only for rail since 2006.^[52][53]
• Oddamavadi Bridge (Valaichchenai Bridge) across Valaichchenai lagoon in Eastern Province – Railway-only since April 2010^[52][54]

Sweden

• Øresund Bridge – 8 km long two-level bridge. Road (four lane) on top, rail (two tracks) below.
• A few narrow same-track combined road-rail bridges:
  • in Oxberg ()
  • in Sveg ()
  • north of Moskosel ().
  • in Kristianstad (industry railway, road in the same track)
  • in Norrköping (industry railway, road next to the rail)
• Traneberg Bridge – in Stockholm, combined road and subway/metro rail bridge.
• Skanstull Bridge – in Stockholm, combined road and subway/metro rail bridge.
• Lidingöbron – 1 km long parallel road and rail (two separate bridges). The road bridge was built 1971; before that the old bridge had road and double track railway in the same carriageway.

Switzerland

Road traffic waits for a Bernina railway train to cross the road/rail river bridge over the river Poschiavino at Campocologno just North of Swiss-Italian border

The Bernina railway shares a bridge over the River Poschiavino at Campocologno just north of the Swiss-Italian border.

Both railways operated by Aare Seeland Mobil go over three combined bridges each. Four of these bridges cross the Aare river, one crosses a highway.

Thailand

Turkey

The Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge with the Black Sea beyond it.

• Gülüşkür Bridge - Crosses the Keban Dam in eastern Turkey.
• Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge - Crosses the Bosphorus Straight, north of Istanbul. The bridge opened in 2016 with space allocated for a double-track railway which is still under construction.

Uganda

• Jinja^[55]

Ukraine

• Pivdennyi Bridge, Kyiv Metro Syretsko-Pecherska line and E40

United Kingdom

Current

King George V Bridge

King George V Bridge showing the road and railway

• Ashton Swing Bridge Preston. Crosses Preston Dock lock. Road traffic and pedestrians controlled by barriers from the lock control room. Still used by The Ribble Steam Railway and tour trains visiting from the main line, still running in 2012 the bridge is used for delivery of bitumen by railway to the Preston Total Bitumen plant. On arrival from Total's oil refinery in Immingham, North Lincolnshire, the tankers are parked at the exchange sidings. The steam railway staff divide the trains and shunt the tankers into Total Bitumen's siding for the bitumen processing and distribution plant, later reforming the trains for their return journey to Immingham.
• Britannia Bridge Robert Stephenson's famous, formerly 'tubular' railway bridge across the Menai Strait in Wales. Rebuilt as a road and rail bridge after a major fire in 1970.
• High Level Bridge Newcastle upon Tyne.
• King George V Bridge, Keadby, North Lincolnshire. Carries the A18 and the Doncaster–Scunthorpe railway across the River Trent. Opened in 1916, Althorpe railway station is on the western bank of the Trent, very close to the bridge, which has not lifted for some years.
• Belfast cross-harbour bridge, opened 1994–1995. See The Motorway Archive
• Kingsferry road and rail bridge, Isle of Sheppey. Built in 1960, until 2006 this was the only road crossing to the island. The bridge opens 20 times each day.
• Porthmadog, Wales, on the Welsh Highland Railway, Shared by this narrow gauge line and the main road through the town.
• Pont Briwet, over River Dwyryd, near Penrhyndeudraeth, North Wales – single track rail of the Cambrian Coast Line, beside wide single-carriageway road; re-opened in summer 2015 after major repairs.

United States

Alaska

• Anton Anderson Memorial Tunnel - a road-rail tunnel

California

• I Street Bridge carries two tracks of Amtrak/Union Pacific Railroad and two lanes of State Route 16 between Sacramento and West Sacramento.
• San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge carried two tracks of Key System between San Francisco and Oakland from 1936 until 1963.
• Mare Island Causeway is a lift bridge that links Mare Island to Vallejo, California, carrying a railroad track and a street.^[56]
• Pit River Bridge across Lake Shasta- 4 lanes of Interstate 5 and also Union Pacific Railroad

Florida

• Acosta Bridge – Carries two monorail tracks for the JTA Skyway and six lanes of State Road 13 in Jacksonville.

Illinois

• Lake Street Bridge – rail on upper deck (CTA Green & Pink Line) road on lower deck, bascule bridge.
• McKinley Bridge – rail removed in 1978.
• Wells Street Bridge – rail on upper deck (CTA Brown & Purple Line Express), road on lower deck, bascule bridge.

Iowa – Illinois

• Fort Madison Toll Bridge – rail on lower deck, road on upper deck
• Government Bridge – rail on upper deck, road on lower deck, swing-span bridge
• Keokuk Rail Bridge – rail on lower deck, disused road on upper deck, swing-span bridge above Lock and Dam No. 19.

Kentucky

• Kentucky & Indiana Terminal Bridge – Truss bridge between Louisville, Kentucky and New Albany, Indiana over the Ohio River. Road portion closed in 1979 when roadway collapsed under an overweight truck.

Louisiana

• Almonaster Avenue Bridge – Bascule drawbridge in New Orleans, Louisiana
• Florida Avenue Bridge – Vertical lift drawbridge in New Orleans, Louisiana
• Huey P. Long Bridge – Truss bridge in Jefferson Parish, Louisiana.
• Huey P. Long Bridge – Truss bridge in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
• St. Claude Avenue Bridge – former road and rail bridge, nowadays it serves automotive and pedestrian traffic. New Orleans

Massachusetts

• Longfellow Bridge – Four lane road with the MBTA Red Line in the median of the bridge connecting Boston and Cambridge over the Charles River.

Michigan

• Portage Lake Lift Bridge connecting Hancock and Houghton. The world's heaviest and largest double deck vertical lift bridge. 4-lane road on upper deck, rail on lower deck (converted to trail). The lower deck was also paved so the bridge could be placed in an intermediate position to allow road traffic only.

Minnesota

• Camp Ripley Bridge
• Oliver Bridge connecting Duluth, Minnesota and Oliver, Wisconsin. Rail on upper deck, road on lower deck.
• Washington Avenue Bridge – in Minneapolis across the Mississippi River. Opened in 1965, rail (Green Line light rail) added in 2011.

Missouri

• Second Hannibal Bridge in Kansas City, Missouri across the Missouri River. Opened in 1917, had a road deck until 1956, when another bridge was built, but the rail deck is presently in use. Evidence of the road deck is still plainly visible.
• ASB Bridge in Kansas City, Missouri, across the Missouri River. Opened in 1911, it carried vehicular traffic until 1987, when new span was built. Bridge is unique that lower part is a vertical lift drawbridge, while without interrupting traffic on the upper deck.
• Eads Bridge in St. Louis, Missouri across the Mississippi River. Opened in 1874. It carries the road traffic on the upper deck and the St. Louis MetroLink on the lower deck.

New York

• Broadway Bridge – Road and the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line of the New York City Subway
• Brooklyn Bridge – A road bridge that also carried elevated rapid transit service until 1944
• Manhattan Bridge – Road and the B, D, N and Q trains of the New York City Subway
• Queensboro Bridge – A road bridge that also carried elevated rapid transit service until the early 1940s.
• Railroad St. Bridge – Rome, New York – Railroad St. and Mohawk, Adirondack and Northern Railroad share right-of-way on bridge.
• Roosevelt Avenue (Flushing River) Bridge - double deck bascule span with IRT Flushing Line elevated line on upper level and Roosevelt Avenue on lower level over Flushing River, completed 1928
• Williamsburg Bridge – Road and the BMT Nassau Street Line of the New York City Subway
• Whirlpool Rapids Bridge, Niagara Falls, New York, carries passenger rail on the upper level, commuter autos on the lower level between Ontario and New York

Ohio

• Clay Wade Bailey Bridge/C&O Railroad Bridge – Cincinnati to Newport, Kentucky over the Ohio River. (Technically, these are two separate bridges, but they are spaced very closely adjacent to each other and built on common piers.)

Oregon

• Steel Bridge – A through truss, double lift bridge across the Willamette River in Portland, Oregon Carrying pedestrian, rail, automobile, bus, and MAX Light Rail, making it one of the most multi-modal bridges in the world.

Pennsylvania

• Benjamin Franklin Bridge – Suspension bridge carrying I-676 and PATCO Speedline trains between Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Camden, New Jersey.

Tennessee-Arkansas

• Harahan Bridge (formerly) - Through truss bridge across the Mississippi River connecting Memphis, Tennessee to West Memphis, Arkansas. Built for two railroad tracks and two one-lane "wagonways" cantilevered outside the through truss. Vehicular traffic moved to Memphis & Arkansas Bridge in 1949; though the original decks on both "wagonways" were removed, one of them was rebuilt for pedestrian/bicycle use in 2016.

Virginia

• High Bridge (Appomattox River)

Uzbekistan

• Amu Darya Bridge is the first bridge between Khorezm and Karakalpakstan, opened March 2004. It only has one track with the rails embedded into tarmac, used for trains and cars, one direction at a time, and is 681 m long. It now doubles the pontoon bridge that was the only link between Khorezm and the rest of Uzbekistan.
• See above for the cross-border bridge to Afghanistan

Venezuela

• Second Orinoco crossing

Vietnam

• Long Biên Bridge

Zambia

• Victoria Falls Bridge

Zimbabwe

• Beitbridge until 1995.
• Victoria Falls Bridge

Temporary

During wartime and other emergencies, rail tracks on bridges are sometimes paved to allow road traffic to proceed. Examples include the Ludendorff Bridge at Remagen bridge in Germany.

After a landslide on the Stromeferry road in Scotland in 2012, a 150m section of the parallel railway was paved with rubber tiles to allow road traffic to avoid a 250 km detour.^[57]

Proposed

• Italy – Messina Bridge
• Republic of the Congo – Democratic Republic of the Congo – Brazzaville-Kinshasa Bridge^[58][59]
• Yemen – Djibouti – Bridge of the Horns
• Botswana – Zambia – Kazungula bridge – 2010
• Sunda Strait – Indonesia^[60]
• Venezuela – Nigale Bridge (Maracaibo Lake )
• Qatar–Bahrain Friendship Bridge for road and rail will be connecting Bahrain and Qatar.

Under construction

• Bangladesh – Padma bridge^[61][62]
• China – Baijusi Yangtze River Bridge (8-lane highway and CRT line 18)
• China – Changtai Yangtze River Bridge (S30 and Taichang ICR)
• China – Guojiatuo Yangtze River Bridge (8-lane road and CRT line 8)
• China – Humen Road-Railway Bridge (road and Shenzhan HSR)
• China – Libu Yangtze River Road-Railway Bridge (G55 and Jingyue ICR)
• China – Lingang Yangtze River Bridge (road and Chuannan ICR)
• China – Linyu Yangtze River Bridge (road and Line 1 of Luzhou Rail Transit)
• China – Ma'anshan Yangtze River Road-Railway Bridge (6-lane highway and Chaoma ICR)
• China – Taichang Yangtze River Bridge (Ruchang Expressway and Taichang ICR)
• China – Tongling Yangtze River road-railway Bridge of G3 (G3, Hewen HSR and Tongling Rail Transit)
• Taiwan - Danjiang Bridge (light rail cross)

See also

• List of bridges
• List of road–rail tunnels
• List of bridge–tunnels
• Street running
• Train ferry

References