Tokyo Toden
Toden cars crossing
Toden cars crossing
Overview
Transit typeTram
Number of lines1
Line numberArakawa Line
Number of stations30
Daily ridership47,504 (2018)
Websitewww.kotsu.metro.tokyo.jp
Operation
Began operation1903 (1903)
Operator(s)Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation
Number of vehicles
Technical
System length12.2 km (7.6 mi)
Track gauge1,372 mm (4 ft 6 in)
Electrification600 DC (Overhead line)
Top speed40 km/h (25 mph)

The Tokyo Toden (東京都電, Tōkyō Toden) or simply Toden, is the tram network of Tokyo, Japan. Of all its former routes, only one, the Tokyo Sakura Tram, remains in service. The Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation operates the Toden. The formal legal name is Tokyo-to Densha. Its nickname, "Toden," distinguished it from the "Kokuden" (the Japanese National Railways electrified lines).

The network had a track gauge of 1,372 mm (4 ft 6 in), except for the former Seibu Railway lines which were 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in).

History

At its peak, the Toden system boasted 41 routes with 213 kilometres (132 mi) of track. However, the increase in reliance on automobile traffic resulted in reductions in ridership, and from 1967 to 1972, 181 kilometres (112 mi) of track were abandoned as the Bureau changed its emphasis to bus and subway modes of transportation.

  • 1903: The Tokyo Horse-drawn Railway changed its motive power to electricity and, under the name Tokyo Electric Railway (or Tōden, 東電) commenced operations between Shinagawa and Shimbashi.
  • 1903: The Tokyo Urban Railway (or Gaitetsu, 街鉄) began operations between Sukiyabashi (in Ginza) and Kandabashi.
  • 1904: The Tokyo Electric Railway (Sotobori Line) connecting Shimbashi Station and Ochanomizu opened.
  • 1905: The three companies published the "Tokyo Geography Education Streetcar Song" to promote knowledge of the geography of Tokyo.
  • 1906: The three companies merged to form the Tokyo Railways.
  • 1911: Tokyo City purchased the Tokyo Railways, established its Electric Bureau, and inaugurated the Tokyo City Streetcar (東京市電) system.
  • 1911–1922: The streetcar network expands, with various new companies and lines serving areas in the city and to the west.
  • 1933: The route from Shinagawa Station to North Shinagawa Station is abandoned.
  • 1933–1943: New companies, mergers, and realignments alter the network.
  • 1943: Tokyo City is abolished and the larger Tokyo Prefecture assumes its administrative functions. The Tokyo City Streetcar bureau becomes the Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation.
  • 1944: Service is stopped on nine segments.
  • 1945–1951: During the Occupation of Japan, the network evolved slowly.
  • 1952: The segment of the Imai Line between Higashi-arakawa and Imaibashi Stations was replaced with trolley buses.
  • 1953, 1961: Two segments (one in Shinjuku and the other connecting Shimbashi Station and Shiodome) stop operating.
  • 1963: In preparation for the Tokyo Olympics, two segments (Kita-Aoyama Itchome – Miyakezaka and HanzōmonKudanshita) cease operations. The Suginami Line (ShinjukuOgikubo) closes because it duplicates a line of the Eidan Subway.
  • 1967–1972: A plan for financial restructuring is put into effect in seven stages, resulting in the closing of routes.
  • 1974: A plan for abandoning the remaining track is cancelled. The remaining routes are consolidated into a single line, named the Arakawa Line.
  • 1978: One-man operation begins.
  • 1990: The 8500 Series rolling stock is introduced. It is the first new design in 28 years.
  • 2000: A new station, Arakawa-itchūmae, opens between two existing stations.
  • 2007: 9000 Series rolling stock was scheduled for introduction.

Former lines

The network in 1961

This is the list of former lines, listed according to their official names. Corresponding routes are those of 1962. The first section of the lines opened in the listed opening years, while the last section of the lines closed in the listed closing years.

LineRoute(s)TerminiOpenedClosedNotes
Tōkyō Electric Railway (Tōden) lines
Azumabashi Line 24   30 Ueno-Ekimae – Honjo-Azumabashi19041972
Hondōri Line 1   4   19   22   40 Shimbashi – Sudachō19031971
Kanasugi Line 1   4 Mita – Shimbashi19031969
Kuramae Line 22   31 Kaminarimon – Asakusabashi19041971
Muromachi Line 22   31 Asakusabashi – Marunouchi-Itchōme19041971
Shinagawa Line 1   3   7 Kita-Shinagawa – Mita19031967Keihin Electric Railway trains (the present Keihin Electric Express Railway) operated over the ShinagawaKita-Shinagawa section
Ueno Line 1   19   20   24   30   37   40 Sudachō – Ueno-Ekimae19031972
Tōkyō Urban Railway lines
Aoyama Line 6   9   10 Miyakezaka – Shibuya-Ekimaec. 19041968
Bammachi Line 10 Hanzōmon – Kudanshitac. 19051963
Chiyodabashi Line 15   28   38 Ōtemachi – Eitaibashic. 19041972
Edogawa Line 15   39 Kudanshita – Wasedac. 19051968
Hamachō LineNingyōchō – Ryōgokuc. 19041944
Hanzōmon Line 8   9   10   11 Hibiya-Kōen – Hanzōmon19031968
Hongō Line 19 Circa Sudachō – Hakusan-ue19041971
Hōraibashi LineMiharabashi – Hōraibashic. 1904c. 1909
Ichigaya Line 12 c. 19051970
Kandabashi Line 2   5   15   25   35   37 Hibiya-Kōen – Ogawamachi19031968
Kiridōshi Line 16   39 Bunkyō-Kuyakusho-mae – Ueno-Hirokōjic. 19041971
Kōtōbashi Line 25   29   38 Ryōgoku-Nichōme – Kinshiboric. 19051972
Kudan Line 10   12   15 Ogawamachi – Kudanshitac. 19041970
Mita Line 2   5   35   37 Mita – Hibiya-Kōenc. 19041968
Narihira Line 16   23   24 Midorichō-Itchōme – Fukujimbashi
Narihirabashi – Asakusa-Ekimae (the present Tōbu Narihirabashi Station.)
c. 19051972
Ryōgokubashi Line 10   12   25   29 Ogawamachi – Ryōgoku-Nichōme19031972
Shinjuku Line 11   12   13 Hanzōmon – Shinjuku-Ekimae19031970
Suzaki Line 28   38 Eitaibashi – Tōyō-Kōen-mae
Fukushimabashi (Eitai-Nichōme) – Kamezumichō (Fukagawa-Itchōme)
c. 19041972
Toranomon Line 3   8 Sakuradamon – Kamiyachō
Toranomon – Reinanzaka
c. 19051968
Tsukiji Line 8   9   11   36 Hibiya-Kōen – Kayabachō ( – Ningyōchō)19031971
Umayabashi Line 16   39 Ueno-Hirokōji – Honjo-Itchōmec. 19051971
Tōkyō Electric Railway (Sotobori Line) lines
Dobashi Line 17 Shin-Tokiwabashi – Shimbashi-eki-Kitaguchic. 19041968
Hiroo Line 7 Aoyama-Itchōme – Tengenjibashic. 19051969
Hōraibashi Line 6 Miharabashi – Toranomonc. 19051967
Nishikichō LineOchanomizu – Shin-Tokiwabashic. 19041944
Ochanomizu Line 13   19 Iidabashi – Akihabara-eki-Higashiguchic. 19051971
Shinanomachi Line 7   33 Yotsuya-Sanchōme – Kita-Aoyama-Itchōmec. 19051969
Tameike Line 3   6 Toranomon – Yotsuya-Mitsukec. 19051967
Ushigome Line 3   12 Yotsuya-Mitsuke – Iidabashic. 19051970
Tōkyō Railways lines
Furukawa Line 4   5   7   8   34 Tengenjibashi – Kanasugibashic. 19101969tracks were in a center median near Ichinohashi
Hakusan Line 2   18   35 Bunkyō-Kuyakusho-mae – Hakusan-uec. 19101968
Izumibashi Line 13   21 Doshūbashi – Ueno-Ekimaec. 19101970tracks were in a center median on Shōwa Street near Ueno Station
Minowa Line 21   31 c. 19101969
Ōtsuka Line 16   17 Denzūin-mae – Ōtsuka-Ekimaec. 19101971
Senju Line 22 Komagata-Nichōme – Minami-Senjuc. 19101971
Sugamo Line 2   18   35 Hakusan-ue – Sugamo-Shako-maec. 19101968
Suidōbashi Line 2   17   18   35 Shin-Tokiwabashi – Bunkyō-Kuyakusho-maec. 19101968
Takahashi Line 23 Monzen-Nakachō – Midorichō-Itchōmec. 19101972
Tomisaka Line 16   17   39 Ōmagari – Bunkyō-Kuyakusho-maec. 19101971
Ōji Electric Tramway lines
Akabane Line 27 Ōji-Ekimae – Akabane19261972
Arakawa Line 27   32 Kumanomae – Ōji-Ekimae1913still openpresent Arakawa Line
Mikawashima Line 27 Minowabashi – Kumanomae1913still openpresent Arakawa Line
Takinogawa Line 32 Ōji-Ekimae – Ōtsuka-Ekimae1911still openpresent Arakawa Line
Waseda Line 32 Ōtsuka-Ekimae – Waseda1925still openpresent Arakawa Line
Jōtō Electric Tramway lines
Ichinoe Line 26 Higashi-Arakawa – Imaibashi19251952commonly called Imai Line; an isolated line with no connection stations to other lines in the network
Komatsugawa Line 25   29   38 Kinshibori – Nishi-Arakawa19171972tracks were in a center median on Keiyō Road near Kameido Station
Sunamachi Line 29   38 Suijimmori – Suzaki19211972
Tamagawa Electric Railway lines
Naka-Meguro Line 8 Shibuyabashi – Naka-Meguro19271967
Tengenjibashi Line 8   34 Shibuya-Ekimae – Tengenjibashi19211969
the former Seibu Railway lines
Kōenji Line 14 Shinjuku-Ekimae – Kōenji-Itchōme19211963commonly called Suginami Line
Ogikubo Line 14 Kōenji-Itchōme – Ogikubo-Ekimae19211963commonly called Suginami Line
Other
Asukayama Line 19 Komagome-Ekimae – Asukayamac. 19201971
Awajimachi Line 37 Awajimachi – Soto-Kanda-Sanchōmec. 19201967
Dōzaka Line 20   37   40 Ueno-Kōen – Sengoku-Itchōmelate 1910s1971private right-of-way between Ueno-Kōen-mae and Nezu-Itchōme, beside Shinobazu Pond
Ebisu LineTengenjibashi – Ebisu-Chōjamaru19131944also called Toyosawa Line or Tengenji Line
Fudanotsuji Line 3   8 Iikura-Itchōme – Fudanotsujic. 19121967
Gokokuji Line 17   20 Sengoku-Itchōme – Gokokuji-maec. 19201971
Gotanda Line 4 Seishōkō-mae – Gotanda-Ekimaelate 1920s1967
Hatchōbori Line 5 Baba-Sakimon – Eitaibashic. 19201967
Ikebukuro Line 17 Gokokuji-mae – Ikebukuro-Ekimaeearly 1930s1969
Isarago Line 4   5   7 Furukawabashi – Sengakujic. 19121969
Ishiwara Line 16 Ishiwarachō-Itchōme – Kinshichō-Ekimae (Kitaguchi)
Taiheichō-Sanchōme – Kameido-Tenjimbashi
late 1920s1971
Itabashi Line 18   41 Sugamo-Shako-mae – Itabashi-Ekimaelate 1920s1966sometimes included with the Shimura Line
Kachidokibashi Line 11 Tsukiji-Tsukishima19471968
Kasaibashi Line 29 Sakaigawa – Kasaibashiearly 1940s1972
Kasumichō Line 6 Tameike – Minami-Aoyama-Gochōmelate 1910s1967
Kita-Senju Line 21 Senju-Ōhashi – Senju-Yonchōmelate 1920s1968
Komagome Line 19 Mukōgaoka-Nichōme – Komagome-Ekimaelate 1910s1971
Marunouchi Line 28   31 Marunouchi-Itchōme – Tochō-maec. 19201969
Meguro Line 4   5 Gyoranzaka-shita – Meguro-Ekimaec. 19121967
Mukōjima Line 30 Honjo-Azumabashi – Higashi-Mukōjima-Nichōmelate 1920s1969
Otowa Line 20 Gokokuji-mae – Yaraishitalate 1920s1971
Roppongi Line 3   8   33 Hamamatsuchō-Itchōme – Kita-Aoyama-Itchōme19121969
Ryōgoku-eki Leading Line 12 Ryōgoku-Nichōme – Ryōgoku-Ekimae19231968
Sarue Line 28   36 Kinshichō-Ekimae (Minamiguchi) – Tōyō-Kōen-maelate 1920s1972
Senzoku Line 31 Kuramae-Itchōme – Minowa-Shako-maec. 19201969
Shibaura LineTōkyō-Kōguchi – Shibaura-Nichōme19101969passenger service started in the 1920s
Shimura Line 18   41 Itabashi-Ekimae – Shimurabashiearly 1940s1966
Shin-Ōhashi Line 9   36 Kayabachō – Sumiyoshichō-Nichōmec. 19121971
Totsuka Line 15 Takadanobaba-Ekimae – Omokagebashi ?1968opening year unknown
Tsukishima Line 23 Monzen-Nakachō – Tsukishimac. 19201972
Tsunohazu Line 13 Iidabashi – Yotsuya-Sankōchōc. 19121970

Routes

As of 1962, there were 41 routes in operation; the maximum for the system:

TerminusviaTerminus
 1 Shinagawa-EkimaeShinagawa Line – Kanasugi Line – Hondōri Line – Ueno LineUeno-Ekimae
 2 MitaMita Line – Kandabashi Line – Suidōbashi Line – Hakusan Line – Sugamo LineTōyō-Daigaku-mae
 3 Shinagawa-EkimaeShinagawa Line – Fudanotsuji Line – Roppongi Line – Toranomon Line – Tameike Line – Ushigome LineIidabashi
 4 Gotanda-EkimaeGotanda Line – Meguro Line – Isarago Line – Furukawa Line – Kanasugi Line – Hondōri LineGinza-Nichōme
 5 Meguro-EkimaeMeguro Line – Isarago Line – Furukawa Line – Mita Line – Kandabashi Line – Hatchōbori LineEitaibashi
 6 Shibuya-EkimaeAoyama Line – Kasumichō Line – Tameike Line – Hōraibashi LineShimbashi
 7 Yotsuya-SanchōmeShinanomachi Line – Hiroo Line – Furukawa Line – Isarago Line – Shinagawa LineShinagawa-Ekimae
 8 Naka-MeguroNaka-Meguro Line – Tengenjibashi Line – Furukawa Line – Fudanotsuji Line – Roppongi Line – Toranomon Line – Hanzōmon Line – Tsukiji LineTsukiji
 9 Shibuya-EkimaeAoyama Line – Hanzōmon Line – Tsukiji Line – Shin-Ōhashi LineHamachō-Nakanohashi
 10 Shibuya-EkimaeAoyama Line – Hanzōmon Line – Bammachi Line – Kudanshita Line – Ryōgokubashi LineSudachō
 11 Shinjuku-EkimaeShinjuku Line – Hanzōmon Line – Tsukiji Line – Kachidokibashi LineTsukishima
 12 Shinjuku-EkimaeShinjuku Line – Ushigome Line – Ichigaya Line – Kudan Line – Ryōgokubashi Line – Ryōgoku-eki Leading LineRyōgoku-Ekimae
 13 Shinjuku-EkimaeShinjuku Line – Tsunohazu Line – Ochanomizu Line – Izumibashi LineSuitengū-mae
 14 Shinjuku-EkimaeKōenji Line – Ogikubo LineOgikubo-Ekimae
 15 Takadanobaba-EkimaeTotsuka Line – Waseda Line – Edogawa Line – Kudan Line – Kandabashi Line – Chiyodabashi LineKayabachō
 16 Ōtsuka-EkimaeŌtsuka Line – Tomisaka Line – Kiridōshi Line – Umayabashi Line – Narihira Line – Ishiwara LineKinshichō-Ekimae
 17 Ikebukuro-EkimaeIkebukuro Line – Gokokuji Line – Ōtsuka Line – Tomisaka Line – Suidōbashi Line – Dobashi LineSukiyabashi
 18 Shimura-SakaueShimura Line – Itabashi Line – Sugamo Line – Hakusan Line – Suidōbashi LineKandabashi
 19 Ōji-EkimaeTakinogawa Line – Asukayama Line – Komagome Line – Hongō Line – Ochanomizu Line – Ueno Line – Hondōri LineTōri-Sanchōme
 20 EdogawabashiOtowa Line – Gokokuji Line – Dōzaka Line – Ueno LineSudachō
 21 Senju-YonchōmeKita-Senju Line – Minowa Line – Izumibashi LineSuitengū-mae
 22 Minami-SenjuSenju Line – Kuramae Line – Muromachi Line – Hondōri LineShimbashi
KaminarimonKuramae Line – Muromachi Line – Hondōri Line (additional service)Shimbashi
 23 FukujimbashiNarihira Line – Takahashi Line – Tsukishima LineTsukishima
 24 FukujimbashiNarihira Line – Azumabashi Line – Ueno LineSudachō
 25 Nishi-ArakawaKomatsugawa Line – Kōtōbashi Line – Ryōgokubashi Line – Kandabashi LineHibiya-Kōen
 26 Higashi-ArakawaIchinoe LineImaibashi
 27 MinowabashiMikawashima Line – Arakawa Line – Akabane LineAkabane
 28 Kinshichō-EkimaeSarue Line – Suzaki Line – Chiyodabashi Line – Marunouchi LineTochō-mae
 29 KasaibashiKasaibashi Line – Sunamachi Line – Komatsugawa Line – Kōtōbashi Line – Ryōgokubashi LineSudachō
KasaibashiKasaibashi Line – Sunamachi Line – Suzaki Line – Chiyodabashi Line (morning and evening only)Nihombashi
 30 Higashi-Mukōjima-NichōmeMukōjima Line – Azumabashi Line – Ueno LineSudachō
 31 MinowabashiMikawashima Line – Senzoku Line – Kuramae Line – Muromachi Line – Marunouchi LineTochō-mae
 32 Arakawa-Shako-maeArakawa Line – Takinogawa Line – Waseda LineWaseda
 33 Yotsuya-SanchōmeShinanomachi Line – Roppongi LineHamamatsuchō-Itchōme
 34 Shibuya-EkimaeTengenjibashi LineTengenjibashi
 35 Sugamo-Shako-maeSugamo Line – Hakusan Line – Suidōbashi Line – Kandabashi Line – Mita LineNishi-Shimbashi-Itchōme
 36 Kinshichō-EkimaeSarue Line – Shin-Ōhashi Line – Tsukiji LineTsukiji
 37 MitaMita Line – Kandabashi Line – Ryōgokubashi Line – Awajichō Line – Ueno Line – Dōzaka LineSendagi-Nichōme
 38 Kishinbori-Shako-maeKōtōbashi Line – Komatsugawa Line – Sunamachi Line – Suzaki Line – Chiyodabashi LineNihombashi
 39 WasedaEdogawa Line – Tomisaka Line – Kiridōshi Line – Umayabashi LineUmayabashi
 40 Shimmeichō-Shako-maeDōzaka Line – Ueno Line – Hondōri LineGinza-Nanachōme
 41 ShimurabashiShimura Line – Itabashi LineSugamo-Shako-mae

Note: Route 26 discontinued by 1952.

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