A Norwegian national identity card is valid for travel to most European countries

Visa requirements for Norwegian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Norway. As of January 2024, Norwegian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 189 countries and territories, ranking the Norwegian passport 5th overall in terms of travel freedom (tied with the Belgium, Malta and Portugal) according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]

As a member state of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA), Norwegian citizens enjoy freedom of movement to live and work in other EFTA countries in accordance with the EFTA convention.[2] Moreover, by virtue of Norway's membership of the European Economic Area (EEA), Norwegian citizens also enjoy freedom of movement within all EEA member states. The Citizens’ Rights Directive[3] defines the right of free movement for citizens of the EEA,[4] and all EFTA and EU citizens are not only visa-exempt but are legally entitled to enter and reside in each other's countries.

In order to travel to another country, a Norwegian citizen requires a passport, except within the Nordic Passport Union, where no identity card is formally required. However, an identity card such as a Norwegian driving licence is useful. A passport is also not required for holders of the Norwegian national identity card for travel to EU or EFTA countries, as well as certain other countries.

Visa requirements map

Visa requirements for Norwegian citizens
  Norway
  Freedom of movement
  Visa not required / ESTA / eTA / eVisitor
  Visa on arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required prior to arrival

Visa requirements

Pre-approved visas pick-up

Pre-approved visas can be picked up on arrival in the following countries instead in embassy or consulate.

Pre-approved
visas pick-up
on arrival
Conditions
 Bhutan[266] For a maximum stay of 15 days if the application was submitted at least 2 and a half months before arrival and if the clearance was obtained.
 Cameroon[267] Must hold approval from the General Delegate of Security.
 Eritrea[268] Must have a sponsor who must submit an application at least 48 hours before arrival.
 Liberia[269] Available only if arriving from a country without a diplomatic mission of Liberia and if a sponsor obtained an approval.
 Nigeria[270] Holders of a visa application who have a Nigerian company taking responsibility for them.
 Sudan[271] Holders of an entry permit issued by the Ministry of Interior.
 Turkmenistan[272] Holders of an invitation letter of the local company that was approved by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Territories, disputed areas or restricted zones

Visa requirements for Norwegian citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries and restricted zones:

Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
Europe
 Abkhazia Visa required Tourists from all countries (except Georgia) can visit Abkhazia for a period not exceeding 24 hours as part of an organized tourist group.[273]
 Kosovo Visa not required 90 days[274]
Greece Mount Athos Special permit required Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[275][276]
Belarus  Brest and  Grodno Visa not required Visa-free for 10 days[277]
 Northern Cyprus Visa not required 3 months[278]
United Nations UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus Access Permit required Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.[279]
Denmark  Faroe Islands Freedom of movement
Finland  Åland Freedom of movement
Germany  Büsingen am Hochrhein and  Heligoland Freedom of movement
 Livigno and  Campione d'Italia Freedom of movement
 Gibraltar Visa not required Up to 6 months.[280]
 Guernsey Visa not required 90 days within a 12 month period.[281]
 Isle of Man Visa not required Up to 6 months.[282]
 Jersey Visa not required Up to 6 months.[283]
Norway Jan Mayen Freedom of movement Unlimited, Norwegian citizens may live and work freely
Norway Svalbard Freedom of movement Unlimited, Norwegian citizens may live and work freely
Portugal  Azores and  Madeira Freedom of movement
 Russia Special authorization required Several closed cities and regions in Russia require special authorization.[284]
Switzerland Samnaun Freedom of movement
 South Ossetia Visa not required Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[285][286]
 Transnistria Visa not required Registration required after 24h.[287][288]
Africa
 Eritrea outside Asmara Travel permit required To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[289]
 Mayotte Freedom of movement
 Réunion Freedom of movement
 Ascension Island eVisa 3 months within any year period.[290][291]
 Saint Helena Visitor's Pass required Visitor's Pass granted on arrival valid for 4/10/21/60/90 days for 12/14/16/20/25 pound sterling.[292]
 Tristan da Cunha Permission required Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[293]
Spain  Canary Islands,  Ceuta and  Melilla Freedom of movement
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Undefined Undefined visa regime in the Western Sahara, same entry requirements with Morocco, controlled territory.
 Somaliland Visa on arrival 30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[294][295]
 Sudan outside Khartoum Travel permit required All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
Sudan Darfur Travel permit required Separate travel permit is required.[296]
Asia
 British Indian Ocean Territory Special permit required Special permit required.[297]
 India PAP/RAP PAP/RAP required
 Iraqi Kurdistan Free Visa stamp on arrival Visa free stamp on arrival for 30 days is available at Erbil and Sulaymaniyah airports.
Kazakhstan  Baikonur & Priozersk Special permission required Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near  Almaty.[303]
Iran Kish Island Visa not required Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[304]
Malaysia Sabah Sabah and Sarawak Sarawak Visa not required These states have their own immigration authorities and passport is required to travel to them, however the same visa applies.[305]
Maldives Maldives outside Malé Permission required Tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[306]
 North Korea outside Pyongyang Special permit required People are not allowed to leave the capital city, tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent moving)
 Palestine Visa not required Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[307][308]
Tajikistan Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province OIVR permit required OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[309][310][311]
 Hong Kong Visa not required 3 months[312][313]
 Macau Visa not required 90 days.[314]
 Taiwan Visa not required 90 days
China Tibet Autonomous Region TTP required Tibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).[315][316][317]
 Turkmenistan Special permit required A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.[318]
United Nations Korean Demilitarized Zone Restricted area
United Nations UNDOF Zone and Ghajar Restricted area
 Yemen outside Sana’a or Aden Special permission required Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden.[319]
Americas
 Anguilla Visa not required 3 months.[320]
 Bermuda Visa not required Up to 6 months, decided on arrival.[321]
 British Virgin Islands Visa not required 30 days, extensions possible.[322]
 Cayman Islands Visa not required 6 months.[323]
 Montserrat Visa not required 6 months.[324]
 Turks and Caicos Islands Visa not required 90 days.[325]
Netherlands  Aruba,  Curaçao and  Sint Maarten Visa not required 3 months
Netherlands  Bonaire,  Sint Eustatius and  Saba Visa not required 3 months.[326][327]
France French Guiana Saint Pierre and Miquelon Freedom of movement
France French West Indies Freedom of movement
Denmark  Greenland Freedom of movement
 Puerto Rico Visa not required Visa not required under the Visa Waiver Program, for 90 days on arrival from overseas for 2 years. ESTA required.[329]
 U.S. Virgin Islands Visa not required Visa not required under the Visa Waiver Program, for 90 days on arrival from overseas for 2 years. ESTA required.[330]
Venezuela Margarita Island Visa not required All visitors are fingerprinted.[331]
Colombia San Andrés and Leticia Tourist Card on arrival Visitors arriving at Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport and Alfredo Vásquez Cobo International Airport must buy tourist cards on arrival.[332]
Ecuador Galápagos Pre-registration required Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[333]
Oceania
Australia Ashmore and Cartier Islands Special authorisation required Special authorisation required.[334]
Australia Macquarie Island Special authorisation permit A written authorisation of the Director of National Parks and Wildlife is required.
 Cook Islands Visa not required 31 days.[335]
 Niue Visa not required 30 days.[336][337]
 Tokelau Entry permit required
  • 10 days/3 months/1 year. Visitors permits/Residence permits/Work permits/Special permits granted, allow the permit holder to be in Tokelau, for up to 10 days/3 months/1 year, unless otherwise specified. Apply for a travel permit at the Tokelau office in Apia, Samoa, at least 2 weeks prior to travel. Visitors are required to hold proof of sufficient funds to cover their stay.[338]
  • The amount of funds needed is NZD 1,000 - per person per month of stay or NZD 400 - if accommodation. Tokelau can only be reached by boat from Samoa, and a permit from the Samoan Immigration Authorities is required to leave and re-enter Samoa.[339]
 Norfolk Island eVisitor[16]
  • 120 days. Visa is issued upon arrival for a visit of up to max stay of 120 days, for holders of a multiple entry eVisitor issued by Australia, valid 30 days beyond the period of intended stay in Norfolk Island.
  • From 1 July 2016 all movement between Norfolk Island and Australian mainland are considered as domestic movement, however all passenger are still required to carry passports or, for Australian citizens, some type of photographic identification and pass Customs and Immigration. Normal Australian Customs and Immigration procedures apply when entry is made from outside Australia. Passenger not carrying their passports aren't eligible to purchase duty-free goods on Norfolk Island.[340]
 Christmas Island Visa not required 90 days. Passports and visas are not required when travelling from the Australian mainland. However, photographic identification must be produced for clearance through Customs and Immigration. Normal Australian Customs and Immigration procedures apply when entry is made from outside Australia.
 Cocos (Keeling) Islands Visa not required 90 days. Passports and visas are not required when travelling from the Australian mainland. However, photographic identification must be produced for clearance through Customs and Immigration. Normal Australian Customs and Immigration procedures apply when entry is made from outside Australia.
Fiji Lau Province Special permission required Special permission required.[341]
France Clipperton Island Special permit required Special permit required.[342]
 French Polynesia Freedom of movement
 New Caledonia Freedom of movement
France  Wallis and Futuna Freedom of movement
 Pitcairn Islands Visa not required 14 days visa free and landing fee US$35 or tax of US$5 if not going ashore.[343][344][345]
 American Samoa Electronic authorization 30 days.[346]
 Guam Visa not required 45 days.[347]
 Northern Mariana Islands Visa not required 45 days.[348]
United States United States Minor Outlying Islands Special permits required Special permits required for Midway Atoll, Wake Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Palmyra Atoll, Howland Island, Baker Island, Jarvis Island, and Navassa Island. [349][350][351][352][353][354][355]
South Atlantic and Antarctica
 Falkland Islands Visa not required 30 days.[356]
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Permit required Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[357][358]
 Antarctica Permit required Special permits required for  British Antarctic Territory,  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australia Australian Antarctic Territory, Bouvet Island Bouvet Island, Antártica Chilena Province Chilean Antarctic Territory, Australia Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norway Peter I Island, Norway Queen Maud Land, New Zealand Ross Dependency.[359][360][361][362][363][364][365][366][367][368][369][370]

Non-visa restrictions

Many countries have entry restrictions on foreigners that go beyond the common requirement of having either a valid visa or a visa exemption. Such restrictions may be health related or impose additional documentation requirements on certain classes of people for diplomatic or political purposes.

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[371] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[372] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[373]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[374][375]

Passport validity length

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[376][377] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[378]

Some countries, such as Japan,[379] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[380] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[381] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[382] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[383] Philippines,[384] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[385]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except the Republic of Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[386] and South Africa.

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[387] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

Entry Permit to Nagorno-Karabakh issued in Yerevan as a stand-alone document rather than a visa affixed in a passport

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[388]

For example, Azerbaijan bans visits by foreign citizens that have previously entered Azerbaijan through non-Azerbaijani controlled borders. This includes the illegal entry into the separatist region of Nagorno-Karabakh[389] (the de facto independent Republic of Artsakh), its surrounding Armenian-occupied territories, and the Azerbaijani exclaves of Karki, Yuxarı Əskipara, Barxudarlı, and Sofulu which are de jure part of Azerbaijan but under the control of Armenia. Foreign citizens who enter these territories will be permanently banned from entering the Republic of Azerbaijan[390] and will be included in their "list of personae non gratae".[391] As of 2 September 2019, the list mentioned 852 people.

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[392] Lebanon,[393] Libya,[394] Syria,[395] and Yemen[396] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[397]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[398][399] Argentina,[400] Brunei, Cambodia,[401] China,[402] Ethiopia,[403] Ghana, Guinea,[404] India, Japan,[405][406] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[407] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[408] Mongolia, Paraguay, Saudi Arabia,[409] Singapore, South Korea,[410] Taiwan, Thailand,[411] Uganda,[412] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by domestic legislation),[413][414][415] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[416]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[417] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[418][419]

Consular protection of Norwegian citizens abroad

Diplomatic missions of Norway

When in a country with no Norwegian representation, Norwegian citizens may seek assistance from public officials in the foreign services of any of the Nordic countries. This is afforded by the Helsinki Treaty which states that public officials in the foreign services of any of the Nordic countries shall assist citizens of another Nordic country if that country is not represented in the territory concerned.[420][421]

See also

References

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