馬祖鳥類列表

馬祖島嶼因地處中國大陸邊緣，鳥類分佈接近中國大陸華南地區，有別於臺灣。且因列島位居中國大陸弧形沿岸中段，是遷移性候鳥南來北返的中繼站，其中鷗科夏候鳥類為數眾多，在2000年時更發現了「神話之鳥」黑嘴端鳳頭燕鷗，引起國際關注。

根據近年來累計調查結果顯示，馬祖地區的鳥類計有20目56科286種，其中留鳥16種佔百分之6，冬候鳥31種佔百分之11，夏候鳥14種佔百分之5，過境鳥222種佔百分之78，迷鳥1種，外來種2種。顯示馬祖地區鳥類的組成，遷移性的候鳥是其主要的族群。[1]

鴴形目 Charadriiformes
  1. 黑嘴端鳳頭燕鷗 - T. bernsteini
  2. 大鳳頭燕鷗 - Thalasseus bergii
  3. 紅燕鷗 - Sterna dougallii

鷗形目 Lariformes
  1. 蒼燕鷗 - Sterna sumatrana
  2. 銀鷗 - Larus argentatus
  3. 黑尾鷗 - Larus crassirostris
  4. 玄燕鷗 - Anous stolidus
  5. 小燕鷗 - Sterna albifrons
  6. 白眉燕鷗 - Sterna anaethetus

隼形目 Falconiformes
  1. 鵟 - Buteo buteo ( Eurasian Buzzard)
  2. 赤腹鷹 - Accipiter soloensis ( Chinese Goshawk)
  3. 灰面鵟鷹 (灰面鷲) - Butastur indicus ( Gray-faced Buzzard)
  4. 日本松雀鷹 - Accipiter gularis ( Japanese Sparrow Hawk)
  1. 燕隼 - Falco subbuteo ( Eurasian Hobby)
  2. 紅隼 - Falco tinnunculus ( Eurasian Kestrel)

潛鳥目 Gaviiformes
  1. 紅喉潛鳥 - Gavia stellata ( Red-throated Diver)

鷿鷈目 Podicipediformes
  1. 小鷿鷈 - Tachybaptus ruficollis ( Little Grebe)
  2. 黑頸鷿鷈 - Podiceps nigricollis ( Eared Grebe)

鸌形目 Procellariiformes
  • 鸌科 Diomedeidae
  1. 白額鸌 - Puffinus leucomelas
  2. 短尾鸌 - Puffinus tenuirostris

鵜形目 Pelecaniformes
  1. 白斑軍艦鳥 - Fregata ariel ( Lesser Frigate Bird)
  1. 青背鸕鶿(丹氏鸕鶿) - Phalacrocorax capillatus ( Japanese Cormorant)
  2. 大鸕鶿

鸛形目 Ciconiiformes
  1. 牛背鷺 - Bubulcus ibis
  2. 中白鷺 - Egretta intermedia ( Intermediate Egret)
  3. 黃小鷺 - Ixobrychus sinensis ( Yellow Bittern)
  4. 蒼鷺 - Ardea cinerea ( Grey Heron)
  5. 綠鷺 - Butorides striatus
  6. 池鷺 - Ardeola bacchus ( Chinese Pond Heron)
  7. 岩鷺 - Egretta sacra ( Pacific Reef Egret)
  8. 夜鷺 Nycticorax nycticorax ( Black-crowned Night Heron)
  9. 麻鷺 - Gorsachius goisagi

雁形目 Anseriformes
  1. 小水鴨 - Anas crecca ( Green-winged Teal)
  2. 赤頸鴨 - Anas penelope ( Eurasian Wigeon)
  3. 花嘴鴨 - Anas poecilorhyncha ( Spot-billed Duck)
  4. 白眉鴨 - Anas querquedula (Garganey)
  5. 鴛鴦 - Aix galericulata ( Mandarin Duck)

鶴形目 Gruiformes
  1. 董雞 - Gallicrex cinerea ( Watercock)
  2. 白腹秧雞 - Amaurornis phoenicurus ( White-breasted Waterhen)
  3. 紅腳秧雞 - Rallina fasciata ( Red-legged Crake)

雞形目 Galliformes
  1. 鵪鶉 - Coturnix japonica ( Japanese Quail)

鴴形目 Charadriiformes
  1. 水雉 - Hydrophasianus chirurgus ( Pheasant-tailed Jacana)
  1. 蠣鴴 - Haematopus ostralegus ( Eurasian Oystercatcher)
  1. 灰斑鴴 - Pluvialis squatarola ( Grey Plover)
  2. 鐵嘴沙鴴 - Charadrius leschenaultii ( Great Sand Plover)
  3. 太平洋金斑鴴 - Pluvialis fulva ( Pacific Golden Plover)
  4. 小環頸鴴 - Charadrius dubius ( Little Ringed Plover)
  5. 東方環頸鴴 - Charadrius alexandrinus ( Kentish Plover)
  6. 東方紅胸鴴 - Charadrius veredus
  7. 灰頭麥雞(跳鴴) - Vanellus cinereus ( Grey-headed Lapwing)
  8. 鳳頭麥雞(小辮鴴) - Vanellus vanellus ( Northern Lapwing)
  9. 東方燕鴴
  1. 山鷸 - Scolopax rusticola ( Eurasian Woodcock)
  2. 磯鷸 - Actitis hypoleucos ( Common Sandpiper)
  3. 田鷸(扇尾沙錐) - Gallinago gallinago ( Common Snipe)
  4. 小杓鷸 - Numenius minutus ( Little Curlew)
  5. 大濱鷸 (姥鷸) - Calidris tenuirostris ( Great Knot)
  6. 黑腹濱鷸 (濱鷸) - Calidris alpina ( Dunlin)
  7. 紅胸濱鷸 (穉鷸) - Calidris ruficollis ( Rufous-necked Sandpiper)
  8. 白腰草鷸 - Tringa ochropus ( Green Sandpiper)
  9. 黃足鷸(灰尾鷸) - Heteroscelus brevipes ( Gray-tailed Tattler)
  10. 三趾濱鷸 (三趾鷸) - Calidris alba ( Sanderling)
  • 瓣足鷸科 Phalaropodidae
  1. 紅領瓣足鷸 - Phalaropus lobatus ( Red-necked Phalarope)

佛法僧目 Coraciiformes
  1. 普通翠鳥 - Alcedo atthis ( Common Kingfisher)
  2. 白喉翡翠 - Halcyon smyrnensis ( White-throated Kingfisher)
  1. 佛法僧(三寶鳥) - Eurystomus orientalis ( Dollarbird)

鴿形目 Columbiformes
  1. 紅斑鳩 - Streptopelia tranquebarica ( Red Turtle Dove)
  2. 珠頸斑鳩 - Streptopelia chinensis formosa (Kuroda, 1927) ( Spotted Dove)
  3. 金背斑鳩 - Streptopelia orientalis orii Yamashina, 1932 ( Oriental Turtle Dove)

戴勝目 Upupiformes
  1. 戴勝 - Upupa epops ( Eurasian Hoopoe)

雨燕目 Apodiformes
  1. 叉尾雨燕 - Apus pacificus ( Fork-tailed swift)

雀形目 Passeriformes
  1. 家燕 - Hirundo rustica ( Barn Swallow)
  2. 金腰燕 - Hirundo daurica ( Red-rumped Swallow)
  1. 黑枕黃鸝 - Oriolus chinensis ( Black-naped Oriole)
  1. 小嘴烏鴉 - Corvus corone ( Carrion Crow)
  1. 雲雀 - Alauda arvensis
  1. 樹鷚 - Anthus hodgsoni ( Olive-backed Tree Pipit)
  2. 田鷚 - Anthus novaeseelandiae
  3. 水鷚 - Anthus spinoletta ( American Pipit)
  4. 赤喉鷚 - Anthus cervinus ( Red-throated Pipit)
  5. 白背鷚 - Anthus gustavi ( Petchora Pipit)
  6. 白鶺鴒 - Motacilla alba ( White Wagtail)
  7. 灰鶺鴒 - Motacilla cinerea ( Grey Wagtail)
  8. 黃鶺鴒 - Motacilla flava ( Yellow Wagtail)
  9. 山鶺鴒 - Dendronanthus indicus ( Forest Wagtail)
  1. 暗灰鵑鵙(黑翅山椒鳥) - Coracina melaschistos ( Dark-grey Cuckoo Shrike)
  1. 白頭鵯(白頭翁) - Pycnonotus sinensis formosae Hartert, 1910 ( Light-vented Bulbul)
  1. 綠繡眼 - Zosterops japonicus ( Japanese White-eye)
  1. 紅頭伯勞 - Lanius bucephalus ( Bull-headed Shrike)
  2. 紅尾伯勞 - Lanius cristatus ( Brown Shrike)
  3. 棕背伯勞 - Lanius schach formosae Swinhoe, 1863 ( Long-tailed Shrike)
  1. 寬嘴鶲 - Muscicapa dauurica ( Asian Brown Flycatcher)
  2. 灰斑鶲 - Muscicapa griseisticta ( Gray-spotted Flycatcher)
  3. 赤頸鶇 - Turdus ruficollis
  4. 白斑紫嘯鶇 - Myophonus caeruleus
  5. 漠䳭 - Oenanthe deserti ( Desert Wheatear)
  6. 紅尾水鴝 - Phoenicurus fuliginosus affinis Ogilvie-Grant
  7. 白頂溪鴝 - Chaimarrornis leucocephalus
  8. 灰林鴝 - Saxicola ferrea
  9. 黑喉鴝 - Saxicola torquatus
  10. 北紅尾鴝 - Muscicapa ferruginea
  1. 花雀 - Fringilla montifringilla ( Brambling)
  2. 金翅雀 - Carduelis sinica ( Oriental Greenfinch)
  3. 紅脇藍尾鴝 - Tarsiger cyanurus
  4. 小桑鳲 - Eophona migratoria ( Yellow-billed Grosbeak)
  1. 斑文鳥 - Lonchura punctulata ( Nutmeg Mannikin Munia)
  2. 麻雀 - Passer montanus ( Eurasian Tree Sparrow)
  1. 烏鶇 - Turdus merula ( Eurasian Blackbird)
  2. 藍磯鶇 - Monticola solitarius ( Blue Rock Thrush)
  3. 斑點鶇 - Turdus naumanni ( Dusky Thrush)
  4. 白眉鶇 - Turdus obscurus ( Eyebrowed Thrush)
  5. 白腹鶇 - Turdus pallidus ( Pale Thrush)
  6. 虎斑地鶇 - Zoothera dauma ( Scaly Thrush)
  7. 鵲鴝 - Copsyshus saularis ( Oriental Magpie-robin)
  1. 極北柳鶯 - Phylloscopus borealis ( Arctic Warbler)
  2. 短翅樹鶯 - Cettia diphone ( Japanese Bush Warbler)
  3. 棕扇尾鶯 - Cisticola juncidis ( Zitting Cisticola)
  4. 黃眉柳鶯 - Phylloscopus inornatus ( Yellow-browed Warbler)
  5. 東方大葦鶯 - Acrocephalus orientalis( Oriental Reed Warbler)
  1. 小鵐 - Emberiza pusilla ( Little Bunting)
  2. 冠鵐 - Melophus lathami ( Crested Bunting)
  3. 田鵐 - Emberiza rustica ( Rustic Bunting)
  4. 野鵐 - Emberiza sulphurata ( Yellow Bunting)
  5. 金鵐 - Emberiza aureola ( Yellow-breasted Bunting)
  6. 鏽鵐 - Emberiza rutila ( Chestnut Bunting)
  7. 白眉鵐 - Emberiza tristrami ( Tristram's Bunting)
  8. 黃眉鵐 - Emberiza chrysophrys ( Yellow-browed Bunting)
  9. 黑臉鵐 - Emberiza spodocephala ( Black-faced Bunting)
  10. 黃喉鵐 - Emberiza elegans ( Yellow-throated Bunting)
  11. 赤胸鵐 - Emberiza fucata ( Chestnut-eared Bunting)
  1. 灰卷尾 - Dicrurus leucophaeus ( Ashy Drongo)
  2. 大卷尾 - Dicrurus macrocercus harterti Baker ( Black Drongo)
  3. 髮冠卷尾 - Dicrurus hottentottus ( Hair-Crested Drongo)
  1. 灰椋鳥 - Sturnus cineraceus ( White-cheeked Starling)
  2. 絲光椋鳥 - Sturnus sericeus ( Red-billed Starling)
  3. 灰背椋鳥 (噪林鳥) - Sturnus sinensis ( White-shouldered Starling)
  4. 紫翅椋鳥 (歐洲八哥) - Sturnus vulgaris ( European Starling)

參考資料
  1. 馬祖鳥類資源概述
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