嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症相關冠狀病毒
嚴重急性呼吸道綜合症相关冠狀病毒(英語:),簡稱SARS相关冠状病毒(),是冠狀病毒科乙型冠状病毒属的一个种。[1]该种病毒现有2个可传染人的分型[2]。
嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症相關冠狀病毒 | |
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病毒分類 | |
(未分级): | 病毒 Virus |
域: | 核糖病毒域 Riboviria |
界: | 正核糖病毒界 Orthornavirae |
门: | 小核糖病毒门 Pisuviricota |
纲: | 小南嵌套病毒纲 Pisoniviricetes |
目: | 套式病毒目 Nidovirales |
科: | 冠状病毒科 Coronaviridae |
属: | 乙型冠狀病毒屬 Betacoronavirus |
亚属: | SARS乙型冠状病毒亚属 Sarbecovirus |
种: | 嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症相關冠狀病毒 Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus |
病毒株 | |
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分型
- 第一个分型称为嚴重急性呼吸道症候群冠狀病毒1型(英語:,简称)[2],发现于2003年,引发了嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症的疫情,有可能是通过菊头蝠传播到人类的[3]。
- 第二个分型称为嚴重急性呼吸道症候群冠狀病毒2型(英語:,简称),发现于2019年,引发了2019冠状病毒病的疫情[2],有研究认为,该病毒类型可能是通过马来穿山甲传播给人类的[4][5]。截至2021年6月,病毒溯源工作仍在进行[6]。統計至2021年2月4日為止,病例數約為SARS-CoV的12800倍,病逝人數約為2900倍。
- 關係圖
嚴重急性呼吸道症候群相關冠狀病毒 SARSr-CoV | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
嚴重急性呼吸道症候群冠狀病毒1型 SARS-CoV-1 | 嚴重急性呼吸道症候群冠狀病毒2型 SARS-CoV-2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
演化樹
截至2021年1月SARS-CoV與相關病毒株的系統發生樹:
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SARS-CoV-2 79 % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
蝙蝠病毒
果子狸病毒
人類病毒
SARS-CoV-2與相關病毒株的系統發生樹[14][15] :
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SARS-CoV 79% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
蝙蝠病毒
穿山甲病毒
人類病毒
参考文献
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外部連結
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