其他形式

• (早期拉丁语)

词源

源自古拉丁語 ，源自古拉丁語 ，其发展为了拉丁語 (“人民”)，最终源自原始意大利語 (“军队”)，其词源不详。

传统上将从-ŏp-到-ūb-的变换解释为同根词 (“成年人口；青年期；生殖器”)的吸引。^[1]另一解释认为这是一个可分为两步的规则发音变换：-p-的浊化，以及-o-到-ou-的拆分（而单元音化为-ū-）。^[2]

发音

• (古典拉丁語) 國際音標^(幫助)：/ˈpuː.bli.kus/, [ˈpuːblʲɪkʊs̠]
• (教會拉丁語) 國際音標^(幫助)：/ˈpu.bli.kus/, [ˈpuːblikus]

形容词

(阴性，中性); 第一/第二類變格 形容詞

1. 人民的、国家的或社会的
   • 58-49 BCE, Gaius Julius Caesar, De Bello Gallico, VI.13.4:

     Illi rebus divinis intersunt, sacrificia publica ac privata procurant, religiones interpretantur.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

2. 公共的，普遍的

名词

 m (属格); 第二类变格

1. 地方执法官

参考资料

• publicus in Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879
• 在Charles du Fresne du Cange的Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• publicus在Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français (拉丁語-法語詳解詞典), Hachette中的內容
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • （模糊）to be interred (at the expense of the state, at one's own cost): funere efferri or simply efferri (publice; publico, suo sumptu)
    
  • statesmen: auctores consilii publici
    
  • public land; state domain: ager publicus
    
  • （模糊）in the time of the Republic: libera re publica
    
  • （模糊）to be interred (at the expense of the state, at one's own cost): funere efferri or simply efferri (publice; publico, suo sumptu)
    
  • （模糊）to be cast out unburied: proiici inhumatum (in publicum)
    
  • （模糊）in the streets: in publico
    
  • （模糊）to show oneself in the streets, in public: in publicum prodire (Verr. 2. 1. 31)
    
  • （模糊）to never appear in public: publico carere, se abstinere
    
  • （模糊）at the time of a most satisfactory government: optima re publica
    
  • （模糊）the Republic: libera res publica, liber populus
    
  • （模糊）to hold the first position in the state: principem in re publica locum obtinere
    
  • （模糊）public affairs: negotia publica (Off. 1. 20. 69)
    
  • （模糊）to take part in politics: in re publica or in rebus publicis versari
    
  • （模糊）to retire from public life: a re publica recedere
    
  • （模糊）to shun publicity: publico carere, forum ac lucem fugere
    
  • （模糊）the state is secure: res publica stat (opp. iacet)
    
  • （模糊）for the advantage of the state; in the interests of the state: e re publica (opp. contra rem p.)
    
  • （模糊）the welfare of the state: summa res publica (or summa rei publicae)
    
  • （模糊）the interests of the state: commoda publica or rei publicae rationes
    
  • （模糊）to have the good of the state at heart: bene, optime sentire de re publica
    
  • （模糊）to have the good of the state at heart: omnia de re publica praeclara atque egregia sentire
    
  • （模糊）statesmen: viri rerum civilium, rei publicae gerendae periti or viri in re publica prudentes
    
  • （模糊）an experienced politician: homo in re publica exercitatus
    
  • （模糊）to possess great political insight: plus in re publica videre
    
  • （模糊）a man's policy is aiming at, directed towards..: alicuius in re publica or capessendae rei publicae consilia eo spectant, ut...
    
  • （模糊）to bring a law before the notice of the people: legem proponere in publicum
    
  • （模糊）a political ally: consiliorum in re publica socius
    
  • （模糊）to have the same political opinions: idem de re publica sentire
    
  • （模糊）to hold different views in politics: ab aliquo in re publica dissentire
    
  • （模糊）democracy: imperium populi or populare, civitas or res publica popularis
    
  • （模糊）to betray the interests of the state: a re publica deficere
    
  • （模糊）the public income from the mines: pecunia publica, quae ex metallis redit
    
  • （模糊）let the consuls take measures for the protection of the state: videant or dent operam consules, ne quid res publica detrimenti capiat (Catil. 1. 2. 4)
    
  • （模糊）to let out public works to contract: locare opera publica
    
  • （模糊）the council of the nation; the senate: publicum consilium (Phil. 7.7. 19)
    
  • （模糊）a criminal case: causa publica (Brut. 48. 178)