Season | 2021–22 |
---|---|
Dates | 6 August 2021 – 7 May 2022 |
Champions | Fulham |
Promoted | Fulham Bournemouth Nottingham Forest |
Relegated | |
Matches played | 552 |
Goals scored | 1,385 (2.51 per match) |
Top goalscorer | Aleksandar Mitrović (Fulham) (43 goals) |
Biggest home win | Fulham 7–0 Luton Town (2 May 2022) |
Biggest away win | Blackburn Rovers 0–7 Fulham (3 November 2021) Reading 0–7 Fulham (11 January 2022) |
Highest scoring | Sheffield United 6–2 Peterborough United (11 September 2021) Fulham 6–2 Bristol City (15 January 2022) Fulham 6–2 Birmingham City (18 January 2022) Reading 4–4 Swansea City (18 April 2022) |
Longest winning run | Fulham (7 games)[1] |
Longest unbeaten run | Huddersfield Town (17 games)[1] |
Longest winless run | Peterborough United (15 games)[1] |
Longest losing run | Cardiff City (8 games)[1] |
Highest attendance | 32,211 Derby County 2–2 Birmingham City (30 January 2022)[1] |
Lowest attendance | 6,832 Peterborough United 2–3 Swansea City (16 March 2022)[1] |
Total attendance | 9,310,401[2] |
Average attendance | 16,867[2] |
← 2020–21 2022–23 → |
The 2021–22 EFL Championship (referred to as the Sky Bet Championship for sponsorship reasons) was the 6th season of the EFL Championship under its current title and the 30th season under its current league division format.
Team changes
The following teams have changed division since the 2020–21 season:
To ChampionshipPromoted from League One Relegated from the Premier League |
From ChampionshipPromoted to the Premier League Relegated to League One
|
Stadiums
Personnel and sponsoring
Managerial changes
Team | Outgoing manager | Manner of departure | Date of vacancy | Position in table | Incoming manager | Date of appointment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
West Bromwich Albion | Sam Allardyce[20] | Resigned | 23 May 2021 | Pre-season | Valérien Ismaël[21] | 24 June 2021 |
Sheffield United | Paul Heckingbottom[22] | End of caretaker spell | Slaviša Jokanović[23] | 27 May 2021 | ||
Barnsley | Valérien Ismaël[24] | Signed by West Bromwich Albion | 24 June 2021 | Markus Schopp[25] | 29 June 2021 | |
Fulham | Scott Parker[26] | Mutual consent; Signed by Bournemouth | 28 June 2021 | Marco Silva[27] | 1 July 2021 | |
Bournemouth | Jonathan Woodgate[28] | End of contract | Scott Parker[28] | 28 June 2021 | ||
Swansea City | Steve Cooper[29] | Mutual consent | 21 July 2021 | Russell Martin[30] | 1 August 2021 | |
Nottingham Forest | Chris Hughton[31] | Sacked | 16 September 2021 | 24th | Steve Cooper[32] | 21 September 2021 |
Cardiff City | Mick McCarthy[33] | Mutual consent | 23 October 2021 | 21st | Steve Morison[34] | 12 November 2021 |
Barnsley | Markus Schopp[35] | Sacked | 1 November 2021 | 23rd | Poya Asbaghi[36] | 17 November 2021 |
Middlesbrough | Neil Warnock[37] | Mutual consent | 6 November 2021 | 14th | Chris Wilder[38] | 7 November 2021 |
Sheffield United | Slaviša Jokanović[39] | Sacked | 25 November 2021 | 16th | Paul Heckingbottom[39] | 25 November 2021 |
Preston North End | Frankie McAvoy[40] | 6 December 2021 | 18th | Ryan Lowe[41] | 7 December 2021 | |
Hull City | Grant McCann[42] | 25 January 2022 | 19th | Shota Arveladze[43] | 27 January 2022 | |
West Bromwich Albion | Valérien Ismaël[44] | 2 February 2022 | 5th | Steve Bruce[45] | 3 February 2022 | |
Reading | Veljko Paunović[46] | Mutual consent | 19 February 2022 | 21st | Paul Ince (Interim) Michael Gilkes (Interim)[46] |
19 February 2022 |
Peterborough United | Darren Ferguson[47] | Resigned | 20 February 2022 | 23rd | Grant McCann[48] | 24 February 2022 |
Barnsley | Poya Asbaghi[49] | Mutual consent | 24 April 2022 | 24th | Martin Devaney (Interim)[50] | 24 April 2022 |
League table
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion, qualification or relegation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Fulham (C, P) | 46 | 27 | 9 | 10 | 106 | 43 | +63 | 90 | Promotion to the Premier League |
2 | Bournemouth (P) | 46 | 25 | 13 | 8 | 74 | 39 | +35 | 88 | |
3 | Huddersfield Town | 46 | 23 | 13 | 10 | 64 | 47 | +17 | 82 | Qualification for Championship play-offs |
4 | Nottingham Forest (O, P) | 46 | 23 | 11 | 12 | 73 | 40 | +33 | 80 | |
5 | Sheffield United | 46 | 21 | 12 | 13 | 63 | 45 | +18 | 75 | |
6 | Luton Town | 46 | 21 | 12 | 13 | 63 | 55 | +8 | 75 | |
7 | Middlesbrough | 46 | 20 | 10 | 16 | 59 | 50 | +9 | 70 | |
8 | Blackburn Rovers | 46 | 19 | 12 | 15 | 59 | 50 | +9 | 69 | |
9 | Millwall | 46 | 18 | 15 | 13 | 53 | 45 | +8 | 69 | |
10 | West Bromwich Albion | 46 | 18 | 13 | 15 | 52 | 45 | +7 | 67 | |
11 | Queens Park Rangers | 46 | 19 | 9 | 18 | 60 | 59 | +1 | 66 | |
12 | Coventry City | 46 | 17 | 13 | 16 | 60 | 59 | +1 | 64 | |
13 | Preston North End | 46 | 16 | 16 | 14 | 52 | 56 | −4 | 64 | |
14 | Stoke City | 46 | 17 | 11 | 18 | 57 | 52 | +5 | 62 | |
15 | Swansea City | 46 | 16 | 13 | 17 | 58 | 68 | −10 | 61 | |
16 | Blackpool | 46 | 16 | 12 | 18 | 54 | 58 | −4 | 60 | |
17 | Bristol City | 46 | 15 | 10 | 21 | 62 | 77 | −15 | 55 | |
18 | Cardiff City | 46 | 15 | 8 | 23 | 50 | 68 | −18 | 53 | |
19 | Hull City | 46 | 14 | 9 | 23 | 41 | 54 | −13 | 51 | |
20 | Birmingham City | 46 | 11 | 14 | 21 | 50 | 75 | −25 | 47 | |
21 | Reading | 46 | 13 | 8 | 25 | 54 | 87 | −33 | 41[lower-alpha 1] | |
22 | Peterborough United (R) | 46 | 9 | 10 | 27 | 43 | 87 | −44 | 37 | Relegation to EFL League One |
23 | Derby County (R) | 46 | 14 | 13 | 19 | 45 | 53 | −8 | 34[lower-alpha 2] | |
24 | Barnsley (R) | 46 | 6 | 12 | 28 | 33 | 73 | −40 | 30 |
Source: EFL Official Website
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Goal difference; 3) Number of goals scored; 4) Head-to-head results; 5) Wins; 6) Away goals; 7) Penalty points (sec 9.5); 8) 12-point sending off offences[54]
(C) Champions; (O) Play-off winners; (P) Promoted; (R) Relegated
Notes:
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Goal difference; 3) Number of goals scored; 4) Head-to-head results; 5) Wins; 6) Away goals; 7) Penalty points (sec 9.5); 8) 12-point sending off offences[54]
(C) Champions; (O) Play-off winners; (P) Promoted; (R) Relegated
Notes:
Play-offs
Semi-finals | Final | ||||||||||
3 | Huddersfield Town | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||
6 | Luton Town | 1 | 0 | 1 | |||||||
3 | Huddersfield Town | 0 | |||||||||
4 | Nottingham Forest | 1 | |||||||||
4 | Nottingham Forest | 2 | 1 | 3 (3) | |||||||
5 | Sheffield United | 1 | 2 | 3 (2) |
First leg
Luton Town | 1–1 | Huddersfield Town |
---|---|---|
|
Report |
|
Sheffield United | 1–2 | Nottingham Forest |
---|---|---|
|
Report |
Second leg
Huddersfield Town won 2–1 on aggregate.
Nottingham Forest | 1–2 (a.e.t.) | Sheffield United |
---|---|---|
|
Report |
|
Penalties | ||
3–2 |
3–3 on aggregate. Nottingham Forest won 3–2 on penalties.
Final
Results
Season statistics
Scoring
Top scorers
Rank | Player | Club | Goals |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Aleksandar Mitrović | Fulham | 43 |
2 | Dominic Solanke | Bournemouth | 29 |
3 | Ben Brereton Díaz | Blackburn Rovers | 22 |
Joël Piroe | Swansea City | ||
Andreas Weimann | Bristol City | ||
6 | Karlan Grant | West Bromwich Albion | 18 |
Brennan Johnson1 | Nottingham Forest | ||
8 | Viktor Gyökeres | Coventry City | 17 |
9 | Elijah Adebayo | Luton Town | 16 |
Emil Riis Jakobsen | Preston North End |
- 1 Includes 2 goals in The Championship play-offs.
Hat-tricks
Player | For | Against | Result | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|
John Swift | Reading | Queens Park Rangers | 3–3 (H)[56] | 11 September 2021 |
Ben Brereton Díaz | Blackburn Rovers | Cardiff City | 5–1 (H)[57] | 25 September 2021 |
Aleksandar Mitrović | Fulham | Swansea City | 3–1 (H)[58] | 29 September 2021 |
West Bromwich Albion | 3–0 (H)[59] | 30 October 2021 | ||
Andreas Weimann | Bristol City | Millwall | 3–2 (H)[60] | 2 January 2022 |
Aleksandar Mitrović | Fulham | Bristol City | 6–2 (H)[61] | 15 January 2022 |
Danny Ward | Huddersfield Town | Reading | 4–3 (A)[62] | 22 January 2022 |
Sam Surridge | Nottingham Forest | Swansea City | 5–1 (H)[63] | 30 April 2022 |
Most assists
- 1 Includes 1 assist in The Championship play-offs.
Clean sheets
Rank | Player | Club | Clean sheets |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Mark Travers | Bournemouth | 20 |
2 | Lee Nicholls1 | Huddersfield Town | 19 |
3 | Wes Foderingham | Sheffield United | 18 |
4 | Sam Johnstone | West Bromwich Albion | 15 |
Brice Samba1 | Nottingham Forest | ||
6 | Bartosz Białkowski | Millwall | 14 |
Marek Rodák | Fulham | ||
8 | Daniel Iversen | Preston North End | 13 |
Thomas Kaminski | Blackburn Rovers | ||
Joe Lumley | Middlesbrough | ||
- 1 Includes 1 clean sheet in The Championship play-offs.
Discipline
Player
- Most yellow cards: 16
- Most red cards: 2
Club
- Most yellow cards: 107
- Most red cards: 7
Awards
Monthly
Month | Manager of the Month | Player of the Month | Reference | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
August | Marco Silva | Fulham | Sorba Thomas | Huddersfield Town | [67] |
September | Scott Parker | Bournemouth | Ben Brereton Díaz | Blackburn Rovers | [68] |
October | Aleksandar Mitrović | Fulham | [69] | ||
November | Mark Warburton | Queens Park Rangers | Chris Willock | Queens Park Rangers | [70] |
December | Chris Wilder | Middlesbrough | Isaiah Jones | Middlesbrough | [71] |
January | Marco Silva | Fulham | Antoine Semenyo | Bristol City | [72] |
February | Carlos Corberán | Huddersfield Town | Lucas João | Reading | [73] |
March | Steve Morison | Cardiff City | Djed Spence | Nottingham Forest | [74] |
April | Steve Cooper | Nottingham Forest | Brennan Johnson | [75] |
Annual
Award | Winner | Club |
---|---|---|
Player of the Season | Aleksandar Mitrović[76] | Fulham |
Young Player of the Season | Brennan Johnson[77] | Nottingham Forest |
Apprentice of the Season | Ryan Howley[78] | Coventry City |
Championship Team of the Season
Pos. | Player | Club | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
GK | Lee Nicholls | Huddersfield Town | [79] |
CB | Tosin Adarabioyo | Fulham | |
CB | Lloyd Kelly | Bournemouth | |
CB | Joe Worrall | Nottingham Forest | |
RWB | Djed Spence | Nottingham Forest | |
CM | Ryan Yates | Nottingham Forest | |
CM | Philip Billing | Bournemouth | |
LWB | Antonee Robinson | Fulham | |
FW | Harry Wilson | Fulham | |
FW | Dominic Solanke | Bournemouth | |
FW | Aleksandar Mitrović | Fulham | |
Manager | Nathan Jones | Luton Town |
PFA Championship Team of the Year
Pos. | Player | Club |
---|---|---|
GK | Lee Nicholls | Huddersfield Town |
DF | Tim Ream | Fulham |
DF | Tosin Adarabioyo | Fulham |
DF | Lloyd Kelly | Bournemouth |
DF | Djed Spence | Nottingham Forest |
MF | Philip Billing | Bournemouth |
MF | Fábio Carvalho | Fulham |
MF | Harry Wilson | Fulham |
FW | Ben Brereton Díaz | Blackburn Rovers |
FW | Dominic Solanke | Bournemouth |
FW | Aleksandar Mitrović | Fulham |
Notes
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "English League One Performance Stats – 2020–21". ESPN. Retrieved 7 August 2021.
- 1 2 "Championship 2021/2022 » Attendance » Home matches".
- ↑ AFC Bournemouth 🍒 [@afcbournemouth] (September 1, 2020). "New @UmbroUK third kit ✅ New front of shirt sponsor ✅ All three kits will be available for pre-order tomorrow, full details coming 🙌 https://t.co/SZiUfeXuFi" (Tweet). Retrieved 29 December 2020 – via Twitter.
- ↑ "Take a closer look 20/21 Kit". Barnsley F.C. 17 July 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
- ↑ "BLUES AGREE PRINCIPAL PARTNERSHIP WITH BOYLESPORTS". Birmingham City F.C. 3 June 2019. Archived from the original on 4 June 2019. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
- ↑ "MANSIONBET UNVEILED AS PRINCIPAL SPONSOR". Bristol City.
- ↑ "NEWS: Coventry City announce BoyleSports as the Club's New Principal Partner!". Coventry City F.C. 20 August 2020.
- ↑ "Fulham Welcomes World Mobile As Principal Partner". Fulham F.C. 27 July 2021.
- ↑ "UTILITA ON THE FRONT OF TOWN'S SHIRTS FOR THREE YEARS!". Huddersfield Town A.F.C. 31 March 2021.
- ↑ Buckingham, Philip (August 25, 2020). "Hull City announce new sponsor to pave the way for kit launch". HullLive.
- ↑ "Millwall announce Huski Chocolate as new principal partner". Millwall FC. Retrieved 21 June 2019.
- ↑ "Ashville Holdings confirmed as new shirt sponsor". 16 July 2021.
- ↑ "🤝 Select Car Leasing become new Principal Partner of Reading Football Club". 11 June 2021.
- ↑ "Swansea City name new club captain for 2019/20 season". Wales Online. 30 July 2019. Retrieved 30 July 2019.
- ↑ "Swans sign Joma for new campaign". swanseacity.com. Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
- ↑ "SWANSEA UNIVERSITY BECOME SWANS' NEW FRONT OF SHIRT SPONSOR". swanseacity.com. 19 August 2020. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
- ↑ "Albion team up with PUMA". West Bromwich Albion F.C. 23 May 2018. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
- ↑ "Blackburn Rovers announce change in shirt sponsorship deal". 18 January 2022.
- ↑ "Club Statement | Home shirt sponsorship ceases with immediate effect". 18 February 2022.
- ↑ "A statement from Sam Allardyce". West Bromwich Albion F.C. 19 May 2021. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
- ↑ "ALBION APPOINT VALÉRIEN ISMAËL AS HEAD COACH". www.wba.co.uk. 24 June 2021.
- ↑ "Heckingbottom to lead Blades". Sheffield United F.C. 13 March 2021. Retrieved 13 March 2021.
- ↑ "JOKANOVIĆ APPOINTED BLADES BOSS". Sheffield United F.C. 27 May 2021. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
- ↑ "CLUB STATEMENT - VALÉRIEN ISMAËL". www.barnsleyfc.co.uk. 24 June 2021.
- ↑ "MARKUS SCHOPP JOINS THE REDS". Barnsley F.C. 29 June 2021. Retrieved 29 June 2021.
- ↑ "Scott Parker: Fulham manager leaves amid AFC Bournemouth speculation". BBC Sport. 28 June 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "Fulham Appoint Marco Silva". Fulham F.C. 1 July 2021. Retrieved 1 July 2021.
- 1 2 "Scott Parker appointed AFC Bournemouth head coach after leaving Fulham". BBC Sport. 28 June 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "Steve Cooper: Head coach leaves Swansea City". BBC Sport. 21 July 2021. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
- ↑ "Russell Martin: MK Dons manager named Swansea City head coach". BBC Sport. 1 August 2021. Retrieved 1 August 2021.
- ↑ "Chris Hughton: Nottingham Forest sack boss after six defeats in seven matches". BBC Sport. 16 September 2021. Retrieved 16 September 2021.
- ↑ "Steve Cooper: Nottingham Forest appoint ex-Swansea City boss after agreeing compensation". BBC Sport. 21 September 2021. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
- ↑ "Mick McCarthy: Manager leaves Cardiff City after eight straight defeats". BBC Sport. 23 October 2021. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
- ↑ "Steve Morison: Cardiff City interim boss stays in charge as ex-skipper Mark Hudson returns as coach". BBC Sport. 12 November 2021. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ↑ "Markus Schopp: Barnsley sack head coach after one win in 15 Championship games". BBC Sport. 1 November 2021. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
- ↑ "Poya Asbaghi: Barnsley appoint Sweden Under-21 boss as new head coach". BBC Sport. 17 November 2021. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- ↑ "Neil Warnock: Middlesbrough part company with veteran manager". BBC Sport. 6 November 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2021.
- ↑ "Chris Wilder: Middlesbrough appoint ex-Sheff Utd boss to succeed Neil Warnock". BBC Sport. 7 November 2021. Retrieved 7 November 2021.
- 1 2 "Sheffield United replace Slavisa Jokanovic with Paul Heckingbottom". BBC Sport. 25 November 2021. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
- ↑ "Preston North End sack coach Frankie McAvoy with side 18th in Championship". BBC Sport. 21 March 2021. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
- ↑ "Preston appoint Argyle's Lowe as manager". BBC Sport.
- ↑ "Grant McCann: Hull City sack manager less than a week after takeover". BBC Sport. 25 January 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2022.
- ↑ "Shota Arveladze: Hull City confirm former Rangers striker as head coach". BBC Sport. 27 January 2022. Retrieved 27 January 2022.
- ↑ "Valerien Ismael: West Brom sack head coach after seven months in charge with Enzo Maresca contender for job". Sky Sports. 2 February 2022. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
- ↑ "Steve Bruce: West Brom appoint ex-Newcastle boss as manager on 18-month deal". BBC Sport. 3 February 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2022.
- 1 2 "CLUB STATEMENT ROYALS PART COMPANY WITH VELJKO PAUNOVIC BY MUTUAL CONSENT". readingfc.co.uk/. Reading F.C. 19 February 2022. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
- ↑ "Official Club Statement". www.theposh.com. 20 February 2022. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
- ↑ "Posh Appoint McCann As New Manager". www.theposh.com. 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
- ↑ "Poya Asbaghi: Barnsley part company with head coach following relegation". BBC Sport. 24 April 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
- ↑ "Poya Asbaghi: Barnsley part company with head coach following relegation". BBC Sport. 24 April 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
- ↑ "Reading agree six-point deduction with EFL for breaching financial rules". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- ↑ "Derby County officially enter administration and are deducted 12 points". BBC Sport. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
- ↑ "Derby deducted nine more points for breaching EFL rules over Pride Park sale". The Guardian. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ↑ "EFL Regulations Section 3 – The League; subsection 9 – Method of Determining League Positions". English Football League. Archived from the original on 25 April 2021. Retrieved 20 March 2021.
- ↑ "Aleksandar Mitrovic named Sky Bet Championship Player of the Season".
- ↑ "Reading 3-3 QPR: QPR fight back to draw thriller at Reading". BBC Sport. 11 September 2021. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
- ↑ "Blackburn 5-1 Cardiff: Ben Brereton Díaz leads Rovers to crushing win". BBC Sport. 25 September 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
- ↑ "Fulham 3-1 Swansea: Mitrovic hat-trick sees off Swansea". BBC Sport. 29 September 2021. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
- ↑ "Fulham 3-0 West Brom: Mitrovic hat-trick seals Fulham win over West Brom". BBC Sport. 30 October 2021. Retrieved 30 October 2021.
- ↑ "Bristol City 3–2 Millwall : Weimann hat-trick for Bristol City sinks Millwall". BBC Sport. 2 January 2022. Retrieved 2 January 2022.
- ↑ "Fulham 6–2 Bristol City: Fulham hit Bristol City for six to go top". BBC Sport. 15 January 2022. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
- ↑ "Reading 3–4 Huddersfield: Ward hat-trick sees Huddersfield beat Reading in thriller". BBC Sport. 22 January 2022. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
- ↑ "Nottingham Forest 5–1 Swansea City: Surridge's Forest hat-trick downs old club Swansea". BBC Sport. 30 April 2022. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
- ↑ "Football Manager EFL Team of the Season line-ups announced".
- ↑ "Championship Top Assists". BBC. Retrieved 7 August 2021.
- ↑ "Travers wins Golden Glove".
- ↑ "Sky Bet EFL August Manager and Player of the Month winners". EFL. Retrieved 2021-09-10.
- ↑ "Scott Parker and Ben Brereton Diaz win Sky Bet Championship September awards". Sky Sports. Retrieved 2021-10-08.
- ↑ "Introducing October's Player and Manager of the Month winners!". EFL. Retrieved 2021-11-12.
- ↑ "Sky Bet EFL Manager and Player of the Month: November winners!".
- ↑ "Your Sky Bet Manager and Player of the Month December winners!".
- ↑ "January's Sky Bet EFL Manager and Player of the Month winners!". www.efl.com. 11 February 2022. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
- ↑ "Your Sky Bet EFL February Manager and Player of the Month winners!". www.efl.com. Retrieved 2022-03-11.
- ↑ "March's Sky Bet EFL Manager and Player of the Month winners". www.efl.com. 8 April 2022.
- ↑ "Sky Bet EFL Manager and Player of the Month April winners!". www.efl.com. 13 May 2022.
- ↑ "Aleksandar Mitrovic named Sky Bet Championship Player of the Season".
- ↑ Delaney, Miguel (25 April 2022). "Brennan Johnson: Brentford hoping to beat Premier League rivals to signing of Nottingham Forest forward". The Independent. Retrieved 8 May 2022.
- ↑ "Aleksandar Mitrovic named Sky Bet Championship Player of the Season".
- ↑ "Football Manager EFL Team of the Season line-ups announced".
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