ISU European Figure Skating Championships
The 2010 medalists in the women's event
StatusActive
GenreSporting event
Date(s)January
FrequencyAnnual
Location(s)Various
Inaugurated1891 (1891)
Organised byISU
The 2016 medalists in the men's event
The 2012 medalists in the pair skating event
The 2014 medalists in the ice dance event

The European Figure Skating Championships is an annual figure skating competition in which figure skaters compete for the title of European champion. Medals are awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. The event is sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU) and is the sport's oldest competition. The first European Championships was held in 1891 in Hamburg, Germany and featured one segment, compulsory figures, with seven competitors, all men from Germany and Austria. It has been, other than five periods, held continuously since 1891, and has been sanctioned by the ISU since 1893. Women were allowed to compete for the first time in 1930, which is also the first time pairs skating was added to the competition. Ice dance was added in 1954. Only eligible skaters from ISU member countries in Europe can compete, and skaters must have reached at least the age of 15 before July 1 preceding the competition. ISU member countries can submit 1-3 skaters to compete in the European Championships.

History

Although they have not been held continuously, the European Championships is figure skating's oldest championship.[1][lower-alpha 1] The first European Championships were held in 1891 in Hamburg, Germany.[2] It featured one segment, compulsory figures, with seven competitors, five from Germany and two from Austria.[3][4] The event was sponsored by the Austrian and German skating federations, after they combined to become one federation.[5] All the medalists were from Germany; Oskar Uhlig won the first gold medal, Anon Schmitson came in second place, and Franz Zilly was third.[3][6][4] The second European Championships were held in Vienna in 1892. The event had ten competitors: one from Hungary, two from Germany, and seven from Austria. It included two segments, compulsory figures and free skating. It was also sponsored by the German/Austrian federation.[7] Austrian Eduard Englemann won the gold medal, Hungarian Tibor von Földváry came in second place, and Georg Zachariades from Austria was third.[8]

The next European Championships was held in 1893 in Berlin; it was the first time the event was under the jurisdiction of the International Skating Union (ISU), which was formed in the summer of 1892. The championships were sponsored by the Berlin Skating Club, and like the previous two years, was organized by the German/Austrian federation.[9] There were eight competitors: three from Austria, two from Germany, and one each from Hungary, Sweden, and Norway. Englemann is listed as the gold medalist; Henning Grenander from Sweden came in second, and Zachariades came in third.[10] Figure skating historian James Hines called the 1893 European Championships "clearly a success from a skating standpoint",[9] but it also marked figure skating's "first major controversy", due to "different interpretations of the scoring rules, which could result in a tie depending upon one's interpretation of them".[9] The Berlin Skating Club declared Grenander the winner, but the ISU declared Englemann the winner. The problem was never resolved, but in 1895, the ISU declared the 1893 results invalid. ISU historian Benjamin T. Wright said that the controversy "nearly led to the demise" of the newly formed ISU.[11]

The next two European Championships, 1894 and 1895, "experienced a marked decrease in participation, perhaps a result of the scoring debacle".[9] In 1894, five skaters competed in Vienna. Engelmann won his third Europeans gold medal, Austrian Gustav Hügel came in second, and Földváry came in third. In 1895, which was held in Budapest, three skaters competed, with one withdrawal. Földváry won the gold medal, Hügel again came in second, and Gilbert Fuchs from Germany came in third.[12][13] There were no European Championships for two years, which Hines speculated was because of the small number of contestants in 1894 and 1895, although the competition returned in 1898.[1] Hines also reported that the European Championships were again interrupted in 1902 and 1903, "for lack of ice".[3] By the beginning of World War I, 20 European Championships were held.[14] There were three more interruptions of the European Championships: between 1915 and 1922 due to World War I, between 1940 and 1946 due to World War II, and in 2021, due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[15][16]

Figure skating historian James Hines reported that "perhaps the most bizarre incident in the history of competitive figure skating occurred at the 1930 European Figure Skating Championships in Slovakia".[17] The competition's referee was not certified by the ISU and the Yugoslavian judge "was a replacement who served falsely"[17] under the name of a judge who was certified. The irregularities were discovered after the competition was over, so the ISU nullified the results and ordered the competition reskated. The winner of the original competition, Joseph Silva from Czechoslovakia, was not able to compete in the second competition. Karl Schäfer from Austria won the reskate and is listed as the gold medalist.[17]

Only men competed at the European Championships until 1930, which is when women single skaters and pair skating were added. All members of the ISU, not just skaters from Europe, were allowed to compete at Europeans until 1948.[18][lower-alpha 2][19][20][21][lower-alpha 3] Ice dance was added to Europeans in 1954.[23] The first time the Soviet Union sent skaters to the European Championships was in 1956.[24] Competitions were held in outdoor rinks until 1967 when the ISU ruled that both the European and World Championships be held in covered ice rinks.[14]

Qualifying

Only those competitors who are "members of a European ISU Member"[25] are eligible to compete in the European Championships. According to the ISU's Constitution, in order to be eligible to compete in international senior competitions, ISU senior championships, and the Olympics, skaters must have "reached at least the age of fifteen (15) before July 1 preceding the Events".[26][27][lower-alpha 4] Each ISU member country can send at least one competitor per discipline and a maximum of three competitors per discipline, if they earn the minimum total element scores, which is determined and published each season by the ISU, during the current or during the immediately previous season.[28] Skaters who earn the minimum elements score/points during the Olympic season or during the immediately previous season, as established for the European and Four Continents championships, are eligible to compete in the Olympics.[29]

The number of additional competitors eligible to compete from ISU member countries is determined by the accumulation of points "equal to the sum of placements of their Competitors who were entered in this preceding season’s Championships".[30] Single skaters who do not qualify for the free skating program after being entered in the short program receive 18 points towards the entry quota. Pairs teams and ice dancers who enter the short program or rhythm dance but do not qualify for the free skate or free dance receive the number of points equal to their placement in the short program and rhythm dance. Skaters who move forward to the free skate or free dance, but do not place higher than 16th place, are awarded 16 points. Skaters who withdraw from the competition and were not able to complete the free skate or free dance, but who were in the top 10 in the short program or rhythm dance, are not considered for the entry quota. If an ISU member country sends three competitors to a competition, only the two best-scoring skaters and teams will count for points.[30] Each member country of the ISU, for each discipline, can enter one substitute per entry "only if their ISU Members have withdrawn the name of their Competitors initially entered for the concerned discipline at least one hour before the first draw".[31]

The number of competitors, or the overall entry quota, per discipline an ISU member country can send to a competition "is determined in accordance"[32] with the chart below.[32]

No. of Competitors in the preceding season's
Championships who count for points
Points required for 3 entries
in the current season's Championships
Points required for 2 entries
in the current season's Championships
Two
One
Not more than 13
Not more than 2
Not more than 28
Not more than 10

Medalists

Men

Year Location Gold Silver Bronze Ref.
1891Germany HamburgGermany Oskar UhligGermany Anon SchmitsonGermany Franz Zilly[33]
1892Austria-Hungary ViennaAustria Eduard EngelmannHungary Tibor von FöldváryAustria Georg Zachariades[33]
1893Germany BerlinAustria Eduard EngelmannSweden Henning GrenanderAustria Georg Zachariades[33]
1894Austria-Hungary ViennaAustria Eduard EngelmannAustria Gustav HügelHungary Tibor von Földváry[33]
1895Austria-Hungary BudapestHungary Tibor von FöldváryAustria Gustav HügelGermany Gilbert Fuchs[33]
1896–1897Not held[33]
1898Norway TrondheimSweden Ulrich SalchowNorway Johan LefstadNorway Oscar Holthe[33]
1899Switzerland DavosSweden Ulrich SalchowAustria Gustav HügelAustria Ernst Fellner[33]
1900Germany BerlinSweden Ulrich SalchowAustria Gustav HügelNorway Oscar Holthe[33]
1901Austria-Hungary ViennaAustria Gustav HügelGermany Gilbert FuchsSweden Ulrich Salchow[33]
1902–1903Cancelled due to lack of ice[33]
1904Switzerland DavosSweden Ulrich SalchowAustria Max BohatschRussia Nikolai Panin Kolomenkin[33]
1905Germany BonnAustria Max BohatschGermany Heinrich BurgerGermany Karl Zenger[33]
1906Switzerland DavosSweden Ulrich SalchowAustria Ernst HerzSweden Per Thorén[33]
1907Germany BerlinSweden Ulrich SalchowGermany Gilbert FuchsAustria Ernst Herz[33]
1908Russia WarsawAustria Ernst HerzRussia Nikolai Panin KolomenkinAustria Henryk Juliusz Krukowicz-Przedrzymirski[33]
1909Austria-Hungary BudapestSweden Ulrich SalchowGermany Gilbert FuchsSweden Per Thorén[33]
1910Germany BerlinSweden Ulrich SalchowGermany Werner RittbergerSweden Per Thorén[33]
1911Russia St. PetersburgSweden Per ThorénRussia Karl OlloGermany Werner Rittberger[33]
1912Sweden StockholmSweden Gösta SandahlRussia Ivan MalininNorway Martin Stixrud[33]
1913Norway OsloSweden Ulrich SalchowHungary Andor SzendeAustria Willy Böckl[33]
1914Austria-Hungary ViennaAustria Fritz KachlerNorway Andreas KroghAustria Willy Böckl[33]
1915–1921Not held due to World War I
1922Switzerland DavosAustria Willy BöcklAustria Fritz KachlerAustria Ernst Oppacher[33]
1923Norway OsloAustria Willy BöcklNorway Martin StixrudFinland Gunnar Jakobsson[33]
1924Switzerland DavosAustria Fritz KachlerAustria Ludwig WredeGermany Werner Rittberger[33]
1925Germany TribergAustria Willy BöcklGermany Werner RittbergerAustria Otto Preißecker[33]
1926Switzerland DavosAustria Willy BöcklAustria Otto PreißeckerSwitzerland Georges Gautschi[33]
1927Austria ViennaAustria Willy BöcklAustria Hugo DistlerAustria Karl Schäfer[33]
1928Czechoslovakia TroppauAustria Willy BöcklAustria Karl SchäferAustria Otto Preißecker[33]
1929Switzerland DavosAustria Karl SchäferSwitzerland Georges GautschiAustria Ludwig Wrede[33]
1930Germany BerlinAustria Karl SchäferCzechoslovakia Otto GoldFinland Marcus Nikkanen[33]
1931Austria ViennaAustria Karl SchäferGermany Ernst BaierAustria Hugo Distler[33]
1932France ParisAustria Karl SchäferGermany Ernst BaierAustria Erich Erdös[33]
1933United Kingdom LondonAustria Karl SchäferGermany Ernst BaierAustria Erich Erdös[33]
1934Austria Seefeld in TirolAustria Karl Schäfer Dénes Pataky Elemér Terták[33]
1935Switzerland St. MoritzAustria Karl SchäferAustria Felix KasparGermany Ernst Baier[33]
1936Germany BerlinAustria Karl SchäferUnited Kingdom Graham SharpGermany Ernst Baier[33]
1937Czechoslovakia PragueAustria Felix KasparUnited Kingdom Graham Sharp Elemér Terták[33]
1938Switzerland St. MoritzAustria Felix KasparUnited Kingdom Graham SharpAustria Herbert Alward[33]
1939Switzerland DavosUnited Kingdom Graham SharpUnited Kingdom Freddie TomlinsGermany Horst Faber[33]
1940–1946Not held due to World War II
1947Switzerland DavosSwitzerland Hans GerschwilerCzechoslovakia Vladislav ČápBelgium Fernand Leemans[33]
1948Czechoslovakia PragueUnited States Dick ButtonSwitzerland Hans GerschwilerAustria Edi Rada[33]
1949Italy MilanAustria Edi Rada Ede KirályAustria Hellmut Seibt[33]
1950Norway OsloHungary Ede KirályAustria Hellmut SeibtItaly Carlo Fassi[33]
1951Switzerland ZürichAustria Hellmut SeibtWest Germany Horst FaberItaly Carlo Fassi[33]
1952Austria ViennaAustria Hellmut SeibtItaly Carlo FassiUnited Kingdom Michael Carrington[33]
1953West Germany DortmundItaly Carlo FassiFrance Alain GilettiWest Germany Freimut Stein[33]
1954Italy BolzanoItaly Carlo FassiFrance Alain GilettiCzechoslovakia Karol Divín[33]
1955Hungary BudapestFrance Alain GilettiUnited Kingdom Michael BookerCzechoslovakia Karol Divín[33]
1956France ParisFrance Alain GilettiUnited Kingdom Michael BookerCzechoslovakia Karol Divín[33]
1957Austria ViennaFrance Alain GilettiCzechoslovakia Karol DivínUnited Kingdom Michael Booker[33]
1958Czechoslovakia BratislavaCzechoslovakia Karol DivínFrance Alain GilettiFrance Alain Calmat[33]
1959Switzerland DavosCzechoslovakia Karol DivínFrance Alain GilettiAustria Norbert Felsinger[33]
1960West Germany Garmisch-PartenkirchenFrance Alain GilettiAustria Norbert FelsingerWest Germany Manfred Schnelldorfer[33]
1961Germany West BerlinFrance Alain GilettiFrance Alain CalmatWest Germany Manfred Schnelldorfer[33]
1962Switzerland GenevaFrance Alain CalmatCzechoslovakia Karol DivínWest Germany Manfred Schnelldorfer[33]
1963Hungary BudapestFrance Alain CalmatWest Germany Manfred SchnelldorferAustria Emmerich Danzer[33]
1964France GrenobleFrance Alain CalmatWest Germany Manfred SchnelldorferCzechoslovakia Karol Divín[33]
1965Soviet Union MoscowAustria Emmerich DanzerFrance Alain CalmatAustria Peter Jonas[33]
1966Czechoslovakia BratislavaAustria Emmerich DanzerAustria Wolfgang SchwarzCzechoslovakia Ondrej Nepela[33]
1967Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia LjubljanaAustria Emmerich DanzerAustria Wolfgang SchwarzCzechoslovakia Ondrej Nepela[33]
1968Sweden VästeråsAustria Emmerich DanzerAustria Wolfgang SchwarzCzechoslovakia Ondrej Nepela[33]
1969West Germany Garmisch-PartenkirchenCzechoslovakia Ondrej NepelaFrance Patrick PéraSoviet Union Sergei Chetverukhin[33]
1970Soviet Union LeningradCzechoslovakia Ondrej NepelaFrance Patrick PéraEast Germany Günter Zöller[33]
1971Switzerland ZürichCzechoslovakia Ondrej NepelaSoviet Union Sergei ChetverukhinUnited Kingdom Haig Oundjian[33]
1972Sweden GothenburgCzechoslovakia Ondrej NepelaSoviet Union Sergei ChetverukhinFrance Patrick Péra[33]
1973West Germany CologneCzechoslovakia Ondrej NepelaSoviet Union Sergei ChetverukhinEast Germany Jan Hoffmann[33]
1974Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ZagrebEast Germany Jan HoffmannSoviet Union Sergei VolkovUnited Kingdom John Curry[33]
1975Denmark CopenhagenSoviet Union Vladimir KovalyovUnited Kingdom John CurrySoviet Union Yuri Ovchinnikov[33]
1976Switzerland GenevaUnited Kingdom John CurrySoviet Union Vladimir KovalyovEast Germany Jan Hoffmann[33]
1977Finland HelsinkiEast Germany Jan HoffmannSoviet Union Vladimir KovalyovUnited Kingdom Robin Cousins[33]
1978France StrasbourgEast Germany Jan HoffmannSoviet Union Vladimir KovalyovUnited Kingdom Robin Cousins[33]
1979Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ZagrebEast Germany Jan HoffmannSoviet Union Vladimir KovalyovUnited Kingdom Robin Cousins[33]
1980Sweden GothenburgUnited Kingdom Robin CousinsEast Germany Jan HoffmannSoviet Union Vladimir Kovalyov[33]
1981Austria InnsbruckSoviet Union Igor BobrinFrance Jean-Christophe SimondWest Germany Norbert Schramm[33]
1982France LyonWest Germany Norbert SchrammFrance Jean-Christophe SimondSoviet Union Igor Bobrin[33]
1983West Germany DortmundWest Germany Norbert SchrammCzechoslovakia Jozef SabovčíkSoviet Union Alexander Fadeev[33]
1984Hungary BudapestSoviet Union Alexander FadeevWest Germany Rudi CerneWest Germany Norbert Schramm[33]
1985Sweden GothenburgCzechoslovakia Jozef SabovčíkSoviet Union Vladimir KotinPoland Grzegorz Filipowski[33]
1986Denmark CopenhagenCzechoslovakia Jozef SabovčíkSoviet Union Vladimir KotinSoviet Union Alexander Fadeev[33]
1987Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia SarajevoSoviet Union Alexander FadeevSoviet Union Vladimir KotinSoviet Union Viktor Petrenko[33]
1988Czechoslovakia PragueSoviet Union Alexander FadeevSoviet Union Vladimir KotinSoviet Union Viktor Petrenko[33]
1989United Kingdom BirminghamSoviet Union Alexander FadeevPoland Grzegorz FilipowskiCzechoslovakia Petr Barna[33]
1990Soviet Union LeningradSoviet Union Viktor PetrenkoCzechoslovakia Petr BarnaSoviet Union Viacheslav Zagorodniuk[33]
1991Bulgaria SofiaSoviet Union Viktor PetrenkoCzechoslovakia Petr BarnaSoviet Union Viacheslav Zagorodniuk[33]
1992Switzerland LausanneCzechoslovakia Petr BarnaCommonwealth of Independent States Viktor PetrenkoCommonwealth of Independent States Alexei Urmanov[33]
1993Finland HelsinkiUkraine Dmitri DmitrenkoFrance Philippe CandeloroFrance Éric Millot[33]
1994Denmark CopenhagenUkraine Viktor PetrenkoUkraine Viacheslav ZagorodniukRussia Alexei Urmanov[33]
1995Germany DortmundRussia Ilia KulikRussia Alexei UrmanovUkraine Viacheslav Zagorodniuk[33]
1996Bulgaria SofiaUkraine Viacheslav ZagorodniukRussia Igor PashkevichRussia Ilia Kulik[33]
1997France ParisRussia Alexei UrmanovFrance Philippe CandeloroUkraine Viacheslav Zagorodniuk[33]
1998Italy MilanRussia Alexei YagudinRussia Evgeni PlushenkoRussia Alexander Abt[33]
1999Czech Republic PragueRussia Alexei YagudinRussia Evgeni PlushenkoRussia Alexei Urmanov[33]
2000Austria ViennaRussia Evgeni PlushenkoRussia Alexei YagudinUkraine Dmitri Dmitrenko[33]
2001Slovakia BratislavaRussia Evgeni PlushenkoRussia Alexei YagudinFrance Stanick Jeannette[34]
2002Switzerland LausanneRussia Alexei YagudinRussia Alexander AbtFrance Brian Joubert[35]
2003Sweden MalmöRussia Evgeni PlushenkoFrance Brian JoubertFrance Stanick Jeannette[36]
2004Hungary BudapestFrance Brian JoubertRussia Evgeni PlushenkoRussia Ilia Klimkin[37]
2005Italy TurinRussia Evgeni PlushenkoFrance Brian JoubertGermany Stefan Lindemann[38]
2006France LyonRussia Evgeni PlushenkoSwitzerland Stéphane LambielFrance Brian Joubert[39]
2007Poland WarsawFrance Brian JoubertCzech Republic Tomáš VernerBelgium Kevin van der Perren[40]
2008Croatia ZagrebCzech Republic Tomáš VernerSwitzerland Stéphane LambielFrance Brian Joubert[41]
2009Finland HelsinkiFrance Brian JoubertItaly Samuel ContestiBelgium Kevin van der Perren[42]
2010Estonia TallinnRussia Evgeni PlushenkoSwitzerland Stéphane LambielFrance Brian Joubert[43]
2011Switzerland BernFrance Florent AmodioFrance Brian JoubertCzech Republic Tomáš Verner[44]
2012United Kingdom SheffieldRussia Evgeni PlushenkoRussia Artur GachinskiFrance Florent Amodio[45]
2013Croatia ZagrebSpain Javier FernándezFrance Florent AmodioCzech Republic Michal Březina[46]
2014Hungary BudapestSpain Javier FernándezRussia Sergei VoronovRussia Konstantin Menshov[47]
2015Sweden StockholmSpain Javier FernándezRussia Maxim KovtunRussia Sergei Voronov[48]
2016Slovakia BratislavaSpain Javier FernándezIsrael Alexei BychenkoRussia Maxim Kovtun[49]
2017Czech Republic OstravaSpain Javier FernándezRussia Maxim KovtunRussia Mikhail Kolyada[50]
2018Russia MoscowSpain Javier FernándezRussia Dmitri AlievRussia Mikhail Kolyada[51]
2019Belarus MinskSpain Javier FernándezRussia Alexander SamarinItaly Matteo Rizzo[52]
2020Austria GrazRussia Dmitri AlievRussia Artur DanielianGeorgia (country) Morisi Kvitelashvili[53]
2021Croatia ZagrebEvent cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic[54]
2022Estonia TallinnRussia Mark KondratiukItaly Daniel GrasslLatvia Deniss Vasiļjevs[55]
2023Finland EspooFrance Adam Siao Him FaItaly Matteo RizzoSwitzerland Lukas Britschgi[56]
2024Lithuania KaunasFrance Adam Siao Him FaEstonia Aleksandr SelevkoItaly Matteo Rizzo[57]
2025Croatia Zagreb
2026United Kingdom Sheffield
2027Switzerland Lausanne

Women

Year Location Gold Silver Bronze Ref.
1930Austria ViennaAustria Fritzi BurgerAustria Ilse HornungSweden Vivi-Anne Hultén[58]
1931Switzerland St. MoritzNorway Sonja HenieAustria Fritzi BurgerAustria Hilde Holovsky[58]
1932France ParisNorway Sonja HenieAustria Fritzi BurgerSweden Vivi-Anne Hultén[58]
1933United Kingdom LondonNorway Sonja HenieUnited Kingdom Cecilia ColledgeAustria Fritzi Burger[58]
1934Czechoslovakia PragueNorway Sonja HenieAustria Liselotte LandbeckUnited States Maribel Vinson[58]
1935Switzerland St. MoritzNorway Sonja HenieAustria Liselotte LandbeckUnited Kingdom Cecilia Colledge[58]
1936Germany BerlinNorway Sonja HenieUnited Kingdom Cecilia ColledgeUnited Kingdom Megan Taylor[58]
1937Czechoslovakia PragueUnited Kingdom Cecilia ColledgeUnited Kingdom Megan TaylorAustria Emmy Putzinger[58]
1938Switzerland St. MoritzUnited Kingdom Cecilia ColledgeUnited Kingdom Megan TaylorAustria Emmy Putzinger[58]
1939United Kingdom LondonUnited Kingdom Cecilia ColledgeUnited Kingdom Megan TaylorUnited Kingdom Daphne Walker[58]
1940–1946Not held due to World War II
1947Switzerland DavosCanada Barbara Ann ScottUnited States Gretchen MerrillUnited Kingdom Daphne Walker[58]
1948Czechoslovakia PragueCanada Barbara Ann ScottAustria Eva PawlikCzechoslovakia Alena Vrzáňová[58]
1949Italy MilanAustria Eva PawlikCzechoslovakia Alena VrzáňováUnited Kingdom Jeannette Altwegg[58]
1950Norway OsloCzechoslovakia Alena VrzáňováUnited Kingdom Jeannette AltweggFrance Jacqueline du Bief[58]
1951Switzerland ZürichUnited Kingdom Jeannette AltweggFrance Jacqueline du BiefUnited Kingdom Barbara Wyatt[58]
1952Austria ViennaUnited Kingdom Jeannette AltweggFrance Jacqueline du BiefUnited Kingdom Barbara Wyatt[58]
1953West Germany DortmundUnited Kingdom Valda OsbornWest Germany Gundi BuschUnited Kingdom Erica Batchelor[58]
1954Italy BolzanoWest Germany Gundi BuschUnited Kingdom Erica BatchelorUnited Kingdom Yvonne Sugden[58]
1955Hungary BudapestAustria Hanna EigelUnited Kingdom Yvonne SugdenUnited Kingdom Erica Batchelor[58]
1956France ParisAustria Ingrid WendlUnited Kingdom Yvonne SugdenUnited Kingdom Erica Batchelor[58]
1957Austria ViennaAustria Hanna EigelAustria Ingrid WendlAustria Hanna Walter[58]
1958Czechoslovakia BratislavaAustria Ingrid WendlAustria Hanna WalterNetherlands Joan Haanappel[58]
1959Switzerland DavosAustria Hanna WalterNetherlands Sjoukje DijkstraNetherlands Joan Haanappel[58]
1960West Germany Garmisch-PartenkirchenNetherlands Sjoukje DijkstraAustria Regine HeitzerNetherlands Joan Haanappel[58]
1961Germany West BerlinNetherlands Sjoukje DijkstraAustria Regine HeitzerCzechoslovakia Jana Mrázková[58]
1962Switzerland GenevaNetherlands Sjoukje DijkstraAustria Regine HeitzerAustria Karin Frohner[58]
1963Hungary BudapestNetherlands Sjoukje DijkstraFrance Nicole HasslerAustria Regine Heitzer[58]
1964France GrenobleNetherlands Sjoukje DijkstraAustria Regine HeitzerFrance Nicole Hassler[58]
1965Soviet Union MoscowAustria Regine HeitzerUnited Kingdom Sally-Anne StaplefordFrance Nicole Hassler[58]
1966Czechoslovakia BratislavaAustria Regine HeitzerEast Germany Gabriele SeyfertFrance Nicole Hassler[58]
1967Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia LjubljanaEast Germany Gabriele SeyfertCzechoslovakia Hana MaškováHungary Zsuzsa Almássy[58]
1968Sweden VästeråsCzechoslovakia Hana MaškováEast Germany Gabriele SeyfertAustria Beatrix Schuba[58]
1969West Germany Garmisch-PartenkirchenEast Germany Gabriele SeyfertCzechoslovakia Hana MaškováAustria Beatrix Schuba[58]
1970Soviet Union LeningradEast Germany Gabriele SeyfertAustria Beatrix SchubaHungary Zsuzsa Almássy[58]
1971Switzerland ZürichAustria Beatrix SchubaHungary Zsuzsa AlmássyItaly Rita Trapanese[58]
1972Sweden GothenburgAustria Beatrix SchubaItaly Rita TrapaneseEast Germany Sonja Morgenstern[58]
1973West Germany CologneEast Germany Christine ErrathUnited Kingdom Jean ScottSwitzerland Karin Iten[58]
1974Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ZagrebEast Germany Christine ErrathNetherlands Dianne de LeeuwCzechoslovakia Liana Drahová[58]
1975Denmark CopenhagenEast Germany Christine ErrathNetherlands Dianne de LeeuwEast Germany Anett Pötzsch[58]
1976Switzerland GenevaNetherlands Dianne de LeeuwEast Germany Anett PötzschEast Germany Christine Errath[58]
1977Finland HelsinkiEast Germany Anett PötzschWest Germany Dagmar LurzItaly Susanna Driano[58]
1978France StrasbourgEast Germany Anett PötzschWest Germany Dagmar LurzSoviet Union Elena Vodorezova[58]
1979Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ZagrebEast Germany Anett PötzschWest Germany Dagmar LurzSwitzerland Denise Biellmann[58]
1980Sweden GothenburgEast Germany Anett PötzschWest Germany Dagmar LurzItaly Susanna Driano[58]
1981Austria InnsbruckSwitzerland Denise BiellmannSocialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Sanda DubravčićAustria Claudia Kristofics-Binder[58]
1982France LyonAustria Claudia Kristofics-BinderEast Germany Katarina WittSoviet Union Elena Vodorezova[58]
1983West Germany DortmundEast Germany Katarina WittSoviet Union Elena VodorezovaWest Germany Claudia Leistner[58]
1984Hungary BudapestEast Germany Katarina WittWest Germany Manuela RubenSoviet Union Anna Kondrashova[58]
1985Sweden GothenburgEast Germany Katarina WittSoviet Union Kira IvanovaWest Germany Claudia Leistner[58]
1986Denmark CopenhagenEast Germany Katarina WittSoviet Union Kira IvanovaSoviet Union Anna Kondrashova[58]
1987Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia SarajevoEast Germany Katarina WittSoviet Union Kira IvanovaSoviet Union Anna Kondrashova[58]
1988Czechoslovakia PragueEast Germany Katarina WittSoviet Union Kira IvanovaSoviet Union Anna Kondrashova[58]
1989United Kingdom BirminghamWest Germany Claudia LeistnerSoviet Union Natalia LebedevaWest Germany Patricia Neske[58]
1990Soviet Union LeningradEast Germany Evelyn GroßmannSoviet Union Natalia LebedevaWest Germany Marina Kielmann[58]
1991Bulgaria SofiaFrance Surya BonalyGermany Evelyn GroßmannGermany Marina Kielmann[58]
1992Switzerland LausanneFrance Surya BonalyGermany Marina KielmannGermany Patricia Neske[58]
1993Finland HelsinkiFrance Surya BonalyUkraine Oksana BaiulGermany Marina Kielmann[58]
1994Denmark CopenhagenFrance Surya BonalyUkraine Oksana BaiulRussia Olga Markova[58]
1995Germany DortmundFrance Surya BonalyRussia Olga MarkovaUkraine Elena Liashenko[58]
1996Bulgaria SofiaRussia Irina SlutskayaFrance Surya BonalyRussia Maria Butyrskaya[58]
1997France ParisRussia Irina SlutskayaHungary Krisztina CzakóUkraine Yulia Lavrenchuk[58]
1998Italy MilanRussia Maria ButyrskayaRussia Irina SlutskayaGermany Tanja Szewczenko[58]
1999Czech Republic PragueRussia Maria ButyrskayaRussia Julia SoldatovaRussia Viktoria Volchkova[58]
2000Austria ViennaRussia Irina SlutskayaRussia Maria ButyrskayaRussia Viktoria Volchkova[58]
2001Slovakia BratislavaRussia Irina SlutskayaRussia Maria ButyrskayaRussia Viktoria Volchkova[34]
2002Switzerland LausanneRussia Maria ButyrskayaRussia Irina SlutskayaRussia Viktoria Volchkova[35]
2003Sweden MalmöRussia Irina SlutskayaRussia Elena SokolovaHungary Júlia Sebestyén[36]
2004Hungary BudapestHungary Júlia SebestyénUkraine Elena LiashenkoRussia Elena Sokolova[37]
2005Italy TurinRussia Irina SlutskayaFinland Susanna PöykiöUkraine Elena Liashenko[38]
2006France LyonRussia Irina SlutskayaRussia Elena SokolovaItaly Carolina Kostner[39]
2007Poland WarsawItaly Carolina KostnerSwitzerland Sarah MeierFinland Kiira Korpi[40]
2008Croatia ZagrebItaly Carolina KostnerSwitzerland Sarah MeierFinland Laura Lepistö[41]
2009Finland HelsinkiFinland Laura LepistöItaly Carolina KostnerFinland Susanna Pöykiö[42]
2010Estonia TallinnItaly Carolina KostnerFinland Laura LepistöGeorgia (country) Elene Gedevanishvili[43]
2011Switzerland BernSwitzerland Sarah MeierItaly Carolina KostnerFinland Kiira Korpi[44]
2012United Kingdom SheffieldItaly Carolina KostnerFinland Kiira KorpiGeorgia (country) Elene Gedevanishvili[45]
2013Croatia ZagrebItaly Carolina KostnerRussia Adelina SotnikovaRussia Elizaveta Tuktamysheva[46]
2014Hungary BudapestRussia Yulia LipnitskayaRussia Adelina SotnikovaItaly Carolina Kostner[47]
2015Sweden StockholmRussia Elizaveta TuktamyshevaRussia Elena RadionovaRussia Anna Pogorilaya[48]
2016Slovakia BratislavaRussia Evgenia MedvedevaRussia Elena RadionovaRussia Anna Pogorilaya[49]
2017Czech Republic OstravaRussia Evgenia MedvedevaRussia Anna PogorilayaItaly Carolina Kostner[50]
2018Russia MoscowRussia Alina ZagitovaRussia Evgenia MedvedevaItaly Carolina Kostner[51]
2019Belarus MinskRussia Sofia SamodurovaRussia Alina ZagitovaFinland Viveca Lindfors[52]
2020Austria GrazRussia Alena KostornaiaRussia Anna ShcherbakovaRussia Alexandra Trusova[53]
2021Croatia ZagrebEvent cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic[54]
2022Estonia TallinnRussia Kamila ValievaRussia Anna ShcherbakovaRussia Alexandra Trusova[55]
2023Finland EspooGeorgia (country) Anastasiia GubanovaBelgium Loena HendrickxSwitzerland Kimmy Repond[56]
2024Lithuania KaunasBelgium Loena HendrickxGeorgia (country) Anastasiia GubanovaBelgium Nina Pinzarrone[57]
2025Croatia Zagreb
2026United Kingdom Sheffield
2027Switzerland Lausanne

Pairs

Year Location Gold Silver Bronze Ref.
1930Austria ViennaHungary Olga Orgonista / Sándor SzalayHungary Emília Rotter / László SzollásAustria Gisela Hochhaltinger / Otto Preißecker[59]
1931Switzerland St. MoritzHungary Olga Orgonista / Sándor SzalayHungary Emília Rotter / László SzollásAustria Lilly Gaillard / Willy Petter[59]
1932France ParisFrance Andrée Brunet / Pierre BrunetAustria Lilly Gaillard / Willy PetterAustria Idi Papez / Karl Zwack[59]
1933United Kingdom LondonAustria Idi Papez / Karl ZwackAustria Lilly Gaillard / Willy PetterUnited Kingdom Mollie Phillips / Rodney Murdoch[59]
1934Czechoslovakia PragueHungary Emília Rotter / László SzollásAustria Idi Papez / Karl ZwackPoland Zofia Bilorówna / Tadeusz Kowalski[59]
1935Switzerland St. MoritzGermany Maxi Herber / Ernst BaierAustria Idi Papez / Karl ZwackHungary Lucy Galló / Rezső Dillinger[59]
1936Germany BerlinGermany Maxi Herber / Ernst BaierUnited Kingdom Violet Cliff / Leslie CliffHungary Piroska Szekrényessy / Attila Szekrényessy[59]
1937Czechoslovakia PragueGermany Maxi Herber / Ernst BaierAustria Ilse Pausin / Erik PausinHungary Piroska Szekrényessy / Attila Szekrényessy[59]
1938Czechoslovakia TroppauGermany Maxi Herber / Ernst BaierAustria Ilse Pausin / Erik PausinGermany Inge Koch / Günther Noack[59]
1939Poland ZakopaneGermany Maxi Herber / Ernst BaierGermany Ilse Pausin / Erik PausinGermany Inge Koch / Günther Noack[59]
1940–1946Not held due to World War II
1947Switzerland DavosBelgium Micheline Lannoy / Pierre BaugnietUnited Kingdom Winifred Silverthorne / Dennis SilverthorneBelgium Suzanne Diskeuve / Edmond Verbustel[59]
1948Czechoslovakia PragueHungary Andrea Kékesy / Ede KirályCzechoslovakia Blažena Knittlová / Karel VosátkaAustria Herta Ratzenhofer / Emil Ratzenhofer[59]
1949Italy MilanHungary Andrea Kékesy / Ede KirályHungary Marianne Nagy / László NagyAustria Herta Ratzenhofer / Emil Ratzenhofer[59]
1950Norway OsloHungary Marianne Nagy / László NagySwitzerland Eliane Steinemann / André CalameUnited Kingdom Jennifer Nicks / John Nicks[59]
1951Switzerland ZürichWest Germany Ria Baran / Paul FalkSwitzerland Eliane Steinemann / André CalameUnited Kingdom Jennifer Nicks / John Nicks[59]
1952Austria ViennaWest Germany Ria Baran / Paul FalkUnited Kingdom Jennifer Nicks / John NicksHungary Marianne Nagy / László Nagy[59]
1953West Germany DortmundUnited Kingdom Jennifer Nicks / John NicksHungary Marianne Nagy / László NagyAustria Sissy Schwarz / Kurt Oppelt[59]
1954Italy BolzanoSwitzerland Silvia Grandjean / Michel GrandjeanAustria Sissy Schwarz / Kurt OppeltCzechoslovakia Soňa Balůnová / Miroslav Balůn[59]
1955Hungary BudapestHungary Marianne Nagy / Lászlo NagyCzechoslovakia Věra Suchánková / Zdeněk DoležalWest Germany Marika Kilius / Franz Ningel[59]
1956France ParisAustria Sissy Schwarz / Kurt OppeltHungary Marianne Nagy / László NagyWest Germany Marika Kilius / Franz Ningel[59]
1957Austria ViennaCzechoslovakia Věra Suchánková / Zdeněk DoležalHungary Marianne Nagy / László NagyWest Germany Marika Kilius / Franz Ningel[59]
1958Czechoslovakia BratislavaCzechoslovakia Věra Suchánková / Zdeněk DoležalSoviet Union Nina Zhuk / Stanislav ZhukUnited Kingdom Joyce Coates / Anthony Holles[59]
1959Switzerland DavosWest Germany Marika Kilius / Hans-Jürgen BäumlerSoviet Union Nina Zhuk / Stanislav ZhukUnited Kingdom Joyce Coates / Anthony Holles[59]
1960West Germany Garmisch-PartenkirchenWest Germany Marika Kilius / Hans-Jürgen BäumlerSoviet Union Nina Zhuk / Stanislav ZhukWest Germany Margret Göbl / Franz Ningel[59]
1961Germany West BerlinWest Germany Marika Kilius / Hans-Jürgen BäumlerWest Germany Margret Göbl / Franz NingelEast Germany Margit Senf / Peter Göbel[59]
1962Switzerland GenevaWest Germany Marika Kilius / Hans-Jürgen BäumlerSoviet Union Liudmila Belousova / Oleg ProtopopovWest Germany Margret Göbl / Franz Ningel[59]
1963Hungary BudapestWest Germany Marika Kilius / Hans-Jürgen BäumlerSoviet Union Liudmila Belousova / Oleg ProtopopovSoviet Union Tatiana Zhuk / Alexander Gavrilov[59]
1964France GrenobleWest Germany Marika Kilius / Hans-Jürgen BäumlerSoviet Union Liudmila Belousova / Oleg ProtopopovSoviet Union Tatiana Zhuk / Alexander Gavrilov[59]
1965Soviet Union MoscowSoviet Union Liudmila Belousova / Oleg ProtopopovSwitzerland Gerda Johner / Rüdi JohnerSoviet Union Tatiana Zhuk / Alexander Gorelik[59]
1966Czechoslovakia BratislavaSoviet Union Liudmila Belousova / Oleg ProtopopovSoviet Union Tatiana Zhuk / Alexander GorelikWest Germany Margot Glockshuber / Wolfgang Danne[59]
1967Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia LjubljanaSoviet Union Liudmila Belousova / Oleg ProtopopovWest Germany Margot Glockshuber / Wolfgang DanneEast Germany Heidemarie Steiner / Heinz-Ulrich Walther[59]
1968Sweden VästeråsSoviet Union Liudmila Belousova / Oleg ProtopopovSoviet Union Tamara Moskvina / Alexei MishinEast Germany Heidemarie Steiner / Heinz-Ulrich Walther[59]
1969West Germany Garmisch-PartenkirchenSoviet Union Irina Rodnina / Alexei UlanovSoviet Union Liudmila Belousova / Oleg ProtopopovSoviet Union Tamara Moskvina / Alexei Mishin[59]
1970Soviet Union LeningradSoviet Union Irina Rodnina / Alexei UlanovSoviet Union Liudmila Smirnova / Andrei SuraikinEast Germany Heidemarie Steiner / Heinz-Ulrich Walther[59]
1971Switzerland ZürichSoviet Union Irina Rodnina / Alexei UlanovSoviet Union Liudmila Smirnova / Andrei SuraikinSoviet Union Galina Karelina / Georgi Proskurin[59]
1972Sweden GothenburgSoviet Union Irina Rodnina / Alexei UlanovSoviet Union Liudmila Smirnova / Andrei SuraikinEast Germany Manuela Groß / Uwe Kagelmann[59]
1973West Germany CologneSoviet Union Irina Rodnina / Alexander ZaitsevSoviet Union Liudmila Smirnova / Alexei UlanovWest Germany Almut Lehmann / Herbert Wiesinger[59]
1974Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ZagrebSoviet Union Irina Rodnina / Alexander ZaitsevEast Germany Romy Kermer / Rolf OesterreichSoviet Union Liudmila Smirnova / Alexei Ulanov[59]
1975Denmark CopenhagenSoviet Union Irina Rodnina / Alexander ZaitsevEast Germany Romy Kermer / Rolf OesterreichEast Germany Manuela Groß / Uwe Kagelmann[59]
1976Switzerland GenevaSoviet Union Irina Rodnina / Alexander ZaitsevEast Germany Romy Kermer / Rolf OesterreichSoviet Union Irina Vorobieva / Alexander Vlasov[59]
1977Finland HelsinkiSoviet Union Irina Rodnina / Alexander ZaitsevSoviet Union Irina Vorobieva / Alexander VlasovSoviet Union Marina Cherkasova / Sergei Shakhrai[59]
1978France StrasbourgSoviet Union Irina Rodnina / Alexander ZaitsevSoviet Union Marina Cherkasova / Sergei ShakhraiEast Germany Manuela Mager / Uwe Bewersdorf[59]
1979Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ZagrebSoviet Union Marina Cherkasova / Sergei ShakhraiSoviet Union Irina Vorobieva / Igor LisovskiEast Germany Sabine Baeß / Tassilo Thierbach[59]
1980Sweden GothenburgSoviet Union Irina Rodnina / Alexander ZaitsevSoviet Union Marina Cherkasova / Sergei ShakhraiSoviet Union Marina Pestova / Stanislav Leonovich[59]
1981Austria InnsbruckSoviet Union Irina Vorobieva / Igor LisovskiWest Germany Christina Riegel / Andreas NischwitzSoviet Union Marina Cherkasova / Sergei Shakhrai[59]
1982France LyonEast Germany Sabine Baeß / Tassilo ThierbachSoviet Union Marina Pestova / Stanislav LeonovichSoviet Union Irina Vorobieva / Igor Lisovski[59]
1983West Germany DortmundEast Germany Sabine Baeß / Tassilo ThierbachSoviet Union Elena Valova / Oleg VasilievEast Germany Birgit Lorenz / Knut Schubert[59]
1984Hungary BudapestSoviet Union Elena Valova / Oleg VasilievEast Germany Sabine Baeß / Tassilo ThierbachEast Germany Birgit Lorenz / Knut Schubert[59]
1985Sweden GothenburgSoviet Union Elena Valova / Oleg VasilievSoviet Union Larisa Selezneva / Oleg MakarovSoviet Union Veronika Pershina / Marat Akbarov[59]
1986Denmark CopenhagenSoviet Union Elena Valova / Oleg VasilievSoviet Union Ekaterina Gordeeva / Sergei GrinkovSoviet Union Elena Bechke / Valeri Kornienko[59]
1987Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia SarajevoSoviet Union Larisa Selezneva / Oleg MakarovSoviet Union Elena Valova / Oleg VasilievEast Germany Katrin Kanitz / Tobias Schröter[59]
1988Czechoslovakia PragueSoviet Union Ekaterina Gordeeva / Sergei GrinkovSoviet Union Larisa Selezneva / Oleg MakarovEast Germany Peggy Schwarz / Alexander König[59]
1989United Kingdom BirminghamSoviet Union Larisa Selezneva / Oleg MakarovEast Germany Mandy Wötzel / Axel RauschenbachSoviet Union Natalia Mishkutenok / Artur Dmitriev[59]
1990Soviet Union LeningradSoviet Union Ekaterina Gordeeva / Sergei GrinkovSoviet Union Larisa Selezneva / Oleg MakarovSoviet Union Natalia Mishkutenok / Artur Dmitriev[59]
1991Bulgaria SofiaSoviet Union Natalia Mishkutenok / Artur DmitrievSoviet Union Elena Bechke / Denis PetrovSoviet Union Evgenia Shishkova / Vadim Naumov[59]
1992Switzerland LausanneCommonwealth of Independent States Natalia Mishkutenok / Artur DmitrievCommonwealth of Independent States Elena Bechke / Denis PetrovCommonwealth of Independent States Evgenia Shishkova / Vadim Naumov[59]
1993Finland HelsinkiRussia Marina Eltsova / Andrei BushkovGermany Mandy Wötzel / Ingo SteuerRussia Evgenia Shishkova / Vadim Naumov[59]
1994Denmark CopenhagenRussia Ekaterina Gordeeva / Sergei GrinkovRussia Evgenia Shishkova / Vadim NaumovRussia Natalia Mishkutenok / Artur Dmitriev[59]
1995Germany DortmundGermany Mandy Wötzel / Ingo SteuerCzech Republic Radka Kovaříková / René NovotnýRussia Evgenia Shishkova / Vadim Naumov[59]
1996Bulgaria SofiaRussia Oksana Kazakova / Artur DmitrievGermany Mandy Wötzel / Ingo SteuerFrance Sarah Abitbol / Stéphane Bernadis[59]
1997France ParisRussia Marina Eltsova / Andrei BushkovGermany Mandy Wötzel / Ingo SteuerRussia Elena Berezhnaya / Anton Sikharulidze[59]
1998Italy MilanRussia Elena Berezhnaya / Anton SikharulidzeRussia Oksana Kazakova / Artur DmitrievFrance Sarah Abitbol / Stéphane Bernadis[59]
1999Czech Republic PragueRussia Maria Petrova / Alexei TikhonovPoland Dorota Zagórska / Mariusz SiudekFrance Sarah Abitbol / Stéphane Bernadis[59]
2000Austria ViennaRussia Maria Petrova / Alexei TikhonovPoland Dorota Zagórska / Mariusz SiudekFrance Sarah Abitbol / Stéphane Bernadis[59]
2001Slovakia BratislavaRussia Elena Berezhnaya / Anton SikharulidzeRussia Tatiana Totmianina / Maxim MarininFrance Sarah Abitbol / Stéphane Bernadis[34]
2002Switzerland LausanneRussia Tatiana Totmianina / Maxim MarininFrance Sarah Abitbol / Stéphane BernadisRussia Maria Petrova / Alexei Tikhonov[35]
2003Sweden MalmöRussia Tatiana Totmianina / Maxim MarininFrance Sarah Abitbol / Stéphane BernadisRussia Maria Petrova / Alexei Tikhonov[36]
2004Hungary BudapestRussia Tatiana Totmianina / Maxim MarininRussia Maria Petrova / Alexei TikhonovPoland Dorota Zagórska / Mariusz Siudek[37]
2005Italy TurinRussia Tatiana Totmianina / Maxim MarininRussia Julia Obertas / Sergei SlavnovRussia Maria Petrova / Alexei Tikhonov[38]
2006France LyonRussia Tatiana Totmianina / Maxim MarininGermany Aliona Savchenko / Robin SzolkowyRussia Maria Petrova / Alexei Tikhonov[39]
2007Poland WarsawGermany Aliona Savchenko / Robin SzolkowyRussia Maria Petrova / Alexei TikhonovPoland Dorota Siudek / Mariusz Siudek[40]
2008Croatia ZagrebGermany Aliona Savchenko / Robin SzolkowyRussia Maria Mukhortova / Maxim TrankovRussia Yuko Kawaguchi / Alexander Smirnov[41]
2009Finland HelsinkiGermany Aliona Savchenko / Robin SzolkowyRussia Yuko Kawaguchi / Alexander SmirnovRussia Maria Mukhortova / Maxim Trankov[42]
2010Estonia TallinnRussia Yuko Kavaguti / Alexander SmirnovGermany Aliona Savchenko / Robin SzolkowyRussia Maria Mukhortova / Maxim Trankov[43]
2011Switzerland BernGermany Aliona Savchenko / Robin SzolkowyRussia Yuko Kavaguti / Alexander SmirnovRussia Vera Bazarova / Yuri Larionov[44]
2012United Kingdom SheffieldRussia Tatiana Volosozhar / Maxim TrankovRussia Vera Bazarova / Yuri LarionovRussia Ksenia Stolbova / Fedor Klimov[45]
2013Croatia ZagrebRussia Tatiana Volosozhar / Maxim TrankovGermany Aliona Savchenko / Robin SzolkowyItaly Stefania Berton / Ondřej Hotárek[46]
2014Hungary BudapestRussia Tatiana Volosozhar / Maxim TrankovRussia Ksenia Stolbova / Fedor KlimovRussia Vera Bazarova / Yuri Larionov[47]
2015Sweden StockholmRussia Yuko Kavaguti / Alexander SmirnovRussia Ksenia Stolbova / Fedor KlimovRussia Evgenia Tarasova / Vladimir Morozov[48]
2016Slovakia BratislavaRussia Tatiana Volosozhar / Maxim TrankovGermany Aliona Savchenko / Bruno MassotRussia Evgenia Tarasova / Vladimir Morozov[49]
2017Czech Republic OstravaRussia Evgenia Tarasova / Vladimir MorozovGermany Aliona Savchenko / Bruno MassotFrance Vanessa James / Morgan Ciprès[50]
2018Russia MoscowRussia Evgenia Tarasova / Vladimir MorozovRussia Ksenia Stolbova / Fedor KlimovRussia Natalia Zabiiako / Alexander Enbert[51]
2019Belarus MinskFrance Vanessa James / Morgan CiprèsRussia Evgenia Tarasova / Vladimir MorozovRussia Aleksandra Boikova / Dmitrii Kozlovskii[52]
2020Austria GrazRussia Aleksandra Boikova / Dmitrii KozlovskiiRussia Evgenia Tarasova / Vladimir MorozovRussia Daria Pavliuchenko / Denis Khodykin[53]
2021Croatia ZagrebEvent cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic[54]
2022Estonia TallinnRussia Anastasia Mishina / Aleksandr GalliamovRussia Evgenia Tarasova / Vladimir MorozovRussia Aleksandra Boikova / Dmitrii Kozlovskii[55]
2023Finland EspooItaly Sara Conti / Niccolò MaciiItaly Rebecca Ghilardi / Filippo AmbrosiniGermany Annika Hocke / Robert Kunkel[56]
2024Lithuania KaunasItaly Lucrezia Beccari / Matteo GuariseGeorgia (country) Anastasiia Metelkina / Luka BerulavaItaly Rebecca Ghilardi / Filippo Ambrosini[57]
2025Croatia Zagreb
2026United Kingdom Sheffield
2027Switzerland Lausanne

Ice dance

Year Location Gold Silver Bronze Ref.
1954Italy BolzanoUnited Kingdom Jean Westwood / Lawrence DemmyUnited Kingdom Nesta Davies / Paul ThomasUnited Kingdom Barbara Radford / Raymond Lockwood[60]
1955Hungary BudapestUnited Kingdom Jean Westwood / Lawrence DemmyUnited Kingdom Pamela Weight / Paul ThomasUnited Kingdom Barbara Radford / Raymond Lockwood[60]
1956France ParisUnited Kingdom Pamela Weight / Paul ThomasUnited Kingdom June Markham / Courtney JonesUnited Kingdom Barbara Thompson / Gerard Rigby[60]
1957Austria ViennaUnited Kingdom June Markham / Courtney JonesUnited Kingdom Barbara Thompson / Gerard RigbyUnited Kingdom Catherine Morris / Michael Robinson[60]
1958Czechoslovakia BratislavaUnited Kingdom June Markham / Courtney JonesUnited Kingdom Catherine Morris / Michael RobinsonUnited Kingdom Barbara Thompson / Gerard Rigby[60]
1959Switzerland DavosUnited Kingdom Doreen Denny / Courtney JonesUnited Kingdom Catherine Morris / Michael RobinsonFrance Christiane Guhel / Jean Paul Guhel[60]
1960West Germany Garmisch-PartenkirchenUnited Kingdom Doreen Denny / Courtney JonesFrance Christiane Guhel / Jean Paul GuhelUnited Kingdom Mary Parry / Roy Mason[60]
1961Germany West BerlinUnited Kingdom Doreen Denny / Courtney JonesFrance Christiane Guhel / Jean Paul GuhelUnited Kingdom Linda Shearman / Michael Phillips[60]
1962Switzerland GenevaFrance Christiane Guhel / Jean Paul GuhelUnited Kingdom Linda Shearman / Michael PhillipsCzechoslovakia Eva Romanová / Pavel Roman[60]
1963Hungary BudapestUnited Kingdom Linda Shearman / Michael PhillipsCzechoslovakia Eva Romanová / Pavel RomanUnited Kingdom Janet Sawbridge / David Hickinbottom[60]
1964France GrenobleCzechoslovakia Eva Romanová / Pavel RomanUnited Kingdom Janet Sawbridge / David HickinbottomUnited Kingdom Yvonne Suddick / Roger Kennerson[60]
1965Soviet Union MoscowCzechoslovakia Eva Romanová / Pavel RomanUnited Kingdom Janet Sawbridge / David HickinbottomUnited Kingdom Yvonne Suddick / Roger Kennerson[60]
1966Czechoslovakia BratislavaUnited Kingdom Diane Towler / Bernard FordUnited Kingdom Yvonne Suddick / Roger KennersonCzechoslovakia Jitka Babická / Jaromír Holan[60]
1967Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia LjubljanaUnited Kingdom Diane Towler / Bernard FordUnited Kingdom Yvonne Suddick / Malcolm CannonFrance Brigitte Martin / Francis Gamichon[60]
1968Sweden VästeråsUnited Kingdom Diane Towler / Bernard FordUnited Kingdom Yvonne Suddick / Malcolm CannonUnited Kingdom Janet Sawbridge / Jon Lane[60]
1969West Germany Garmisch-PartenkirchenUnited Kingdom Diane Towler / Bernard FordUnited Kingdom Janet Sawbridge / Jon LaneSoviet Union Liudmila Pakhomova / Alexander Gorshkov[60]
1970Soviet Union LeningradSoviet Union Liudmila Pakhomova / Alexander GorshkovWest Germany Angelika Buck / Erich BuckSoviet Union Tatiana Voitiuk / Viacheslav Zhigalin[60]
1971Switzerland ZurichSoviet Union Liudmila Pakhomova / Alexander GorshkovWest Germany Angelika Buck / Erich BuckUnited Kingdom Susan Getty / Roy Bradshaw[60]
1972Sweden GothenburgWest Germany Angelika Buck / Erich BuckSoviet Union Liudmila Pakhomova / Alexander GorshkovUnited Kingdom Janet Sawbridge / Peter Dalby[60]
1973West Germany CologneSoviet Union Liudmila Pakhomova / Alexander GorshkovWest Germany Angelika Buck / Erich BuckUnited Kingdom Hilary Green / Glyn Watts[60]
1974Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ZagrebSoviet Union Liudmila Pakhomova / Alexander GorshkovUnited Kingdom Hilary Green / Glyn WattsSoviet Union Natalia Linichuk / Gennadi Karponosov[60]
1975Denmark CopenhagenSoviet Union Liudmila Pakhomova / Alexander GorshkovUnited Kingdom Hilary Green / Glyn WattsSoviet Union Natalia Linichuk / Gennadi Karponosov[60]
1976Switzerland GenevaSoviet Union Liudmila Pakhomova / Alexander GorshkovSoviet Union Irina Moiseeva / Andrei MinenkovSoviet Union Natalia Linichuk / Gennadi Karponosov[60]
1977Finland HelsinkiSoviet Union Irina Moiseeva / Andrei MinenkovHungary Krisztina Regőczy / András SallaySoviet Union Natalia Linichuk / Gennadi Karponosov[60]
1978France StrasbourgSoviet Union Irina Moiseeva / Andrei MinenkovSoviet Union Natalia Linichuk / Gennadi KarponosovHungary Krisztina Regőczy / András Sallay[60]
1979Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ZagrebSoviet Union Natalia Linichuk / Gennadi KarponosovSoviet Union Irina Moiseeva / Andrei MinenkovHungary Krisztina Regőczy / András Sallay[60]
1980Sweden GothenburgSoviet Union Natalia Linichuk / Gennadi KarponosovHungary Krisztina Regőczy / András SallaySoviet Union Irina Moiseeva / Andrei Minenkov[60]
1981Austria InnsbruckUnited Kingdom Jayne Torvill / Christopher DeanSoviet Union Irina Moiseeva / Andrei MinenkovSoviet Union Natalia Linichuk / Gennadi Karponosov[60]
1982France LyonUnited Kingdom Jayne Torvill / Christopher DeanSoviet Union Natalia Bestemianova / Andrei BukinSoviet Union Irina Moiseeva / Andrei Minenkov[60]
1983West Germany DortmundSoviet Union Natalia Bestemianova / Andrei BukinSoviet Union Olga Volozhinskaya / Alexander SvininUnited Kingdom Karen Barber / Nicholas Slater[60]
1984Hungary BudapestUnited Kingdom Jayne Torvill / Christopher DeanSoviet Union Natalia Bestemianova / Andrei BukinSoviet Union Marina Klimova / Sergei Ponomarenko[60]
1985Sweden GothenburgSoviet Union Natalia Bestemianova / Andrei BukinSoviet Union Marina Klimova / Sergei PonomarenkoWest Germany Petra Born / Rainer Schönborn[60]
1986Denmark CopenhagenSoviet Union Natalia Bestemianova / Andrei BukinSoviet Union Marina Klimova / Sergei PonomarenkoSoviet Union Natalia Annenko / Genrikh Sretenski[60]
1987Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia SarajevoSoviet Union Natalia Bestemianova / Andrei BukinSoviet Union Marina Klimova / Sergei PonomarenkoSoviet Union Natalia Annenko / Genrikh Sretenski[60]
1988Czechoslovakia PragueSoviet Union Natalia Bestemianova / Andrei BukinSoviet Union Natalia Annenko / Genrikh SretenskiFrance Isabelle Duchesnay / Paul Duchesnay[60]
1989United Kingdom BirminghamSoviet Union Marina Klimova / Sergei PonomarenkoSoviet Union Maya Usova / Alexander ZhulinSoviet Union Natalia Annenko / Genrikh Sretenski[60]
1990Soviet Union LeningradSoviet Union Marina Klimova / Sergei PonomarenkoSoviet Union Maya Usova / Alexander ZhulinFrance Isabelle Duchesnay / Paul Duchesnay[60]
1991Bulgaria SofiaSoviet Union Marina Klimova / Sergei PonomarenkoFrance Isabelle Duchesnay / Paul DuchesnaySoviet Union Maya Usova / Alexander Zhulin[60]
1992Switzerland LausanneCommonwealth of Independent States Marina Klimova / Sergei PonomarenkoCommonwealth of Independent States Maya Usova / Alexander ZhulinCommonwealth of Independent States Oksana Grishuk / Evgeni Platov[60]
1993Finland HelsinkiRussia Maya Usova / Alexander ZhulinRussia Oksana Grishuk / Evgeni PlatovFinland Susanna Rahkamo / Petri Kokko[60]
1994Denmark CopenhagenUnited Kingdom Jayne Torvill / Christopher DeanRussia Oksana Grishuk / Evgeni PlatovRussia Maya Usova / Alexander Zhulin[60]
1995Germany DortmundFinland Susanna Rahkamo / Petri KokkoFrance Sophie Moniotte / Pascal LavanchyRussia Anjelika Krylova / Oleg Ovsyannikov[60]
1996Bulgaria SofiaRussia Oksana Grishuk / Evgeni PlatovRussia Anjelika Krylova / Oleg OvsyannikovUkraine Irina Romanova / Igor Yaroshenko[60]
1997France ParisRussia Oksana Grishuk / Evgeni PlatovRussia Anjelika Krylova / Oleg OvsyannikovFrance Sophie Moniotte / Pascal Lavanchy[60]
1998Italy MilanRussia Oksana "Pasha" Grishuk / Evgeni PlatovRussia Anjelika Krylova / Oleg OvsyannikovFrance Marina Anissina / Gwendal Peizerat[60]
1999Czech Republic PragueRussia Anjelika Krylova / Oleg OvsyannikovFrance Marina Anissina / Gwendal PeizeratRussia Irina Lobacheva / Ilia Averbukh[60]
2000Austria ViennaFrance Marina Anissina / Gwendal PeizeratItaly Barbara Fusar-Poli / Maurizio MargaglioLithuania Margarita Drobiazko / Povilas Vanagas[60]
2001Slovakia BratislavaItaly Barbara Fusar-Poli / Maurizio MargaglioFrance Marina Anissina / Gwendal PeizeratRussia Irina Lobacheva / Ilia Averbukh[34]
2002Switzerland LausanneFrance Marina Anissina / Gwendal PeizeratItaly Barbara Fusar-Poli / Maurizio MargaglioRussia Irina Lobacheva / Ilia Averbukh[35]
2003Sweden MalmöRussia Irina Lobacheva / Ilia AverbukhBulgaria Albena Denkova / Maxim StaviskiRussia Tatiana Navka / Roman Kostomarov[36]
2004Hungary BudapestRussia Tatiana Navka / Roman KostomarovBulgaria Albena Denkova / Maxim StaviskiUkraine Elena Grushina / Ruslan Goncharov[37]
2005Italy TurinRussia Tatiana Navka / Roman KostomarovUkraine Elena Grushina / Ruslan GoncharovFrance Isabelle Delobel / Olivier Schoenfelder[38]
2006France LyonRussia Tatiana Navka / Roman KostomarovUkraine Elena Grushina / Ruslan GoncharovLithuania Margarita Drobiazko / Povilas Vanagas[39]
2007Poland WarsawFrance Isabelle Delobel / Olivier SchoenfelderRussia Oksana Domnina / Maxim ShabalinBulgaria Albena Denkova / Maxim Staviski[40]
2008Croatia ZagrebRussia Oksana Domnina / Maxim ShabalinFrance Isabelle Delobel / Olivier SchoenfelderRussia Jana Khokhlova / Sergei Novitski[41]
2009Finland HelsinkiRussia Jana Khokhlova / Sergei NovitskiItaly Federica Faiella / Massimo ScaliUnited Kingdom Sinead Kerr / John Kerr[42]
2010Estonia TallinnRussia Oksana Domnina / Maxim ShabalinItaly Federica Faiella / Massimo ScaliRussia Jana Khokhlova / Sergei Novitski[43]
2011Switzerland BernFrance Nathalie Péchalat / Fabian BourzatRussia Ekaterina Bobrova / Dmitri SolovievUnited Kingdom Sinead Kerr / John Kerr[44]
2012United Kingdom SheffieldFrance Nathalie Péchalat / Fabian BourzatRussia Ekaterina Bobrova / Dmitri SolovievRussia Elena Ilinykh / Nikita Katsalapov[45]
2013Croatia ZagrebRussia Ekaterina Bobrova / Dmitri SolovievRussia Elena Ilinykh / Nikita KatsalapovItaly Anna Cappellini / Luca Lanotte[46]
2014Hungary BudapestItaly Anna Cappellini / Luca LanotteRussia Elena Ilinykh / Nikita KatsalapovUnited Kingdom Penny Coomes / Nicholas Buckland[47]
2015Sweden StockholmFrance Gabriella Papadakis / Guillaume CizeronItaly Anna Cappellini / Luca LanotteRussia Alexandra Stepanova / Ivan Bukin[48]
2016Slovakia BratislavaFrance Gabriella Papadakis / Guillaume CizeronItaly Anna Cappellini / Luca LanotteRussia Ekaterina Bobrova / Dmitri Soloviev[49]
2017Czech Republic OstravaFrance Gabriella Papadakis / Guillaume CizeronItaly Anna Cappellini / Luca LanotteRussia Ekaterina Bobrova / Dmitri Soloviev[50]
2018Russia MoscowFrance Gabriella Papadakis / Guillaume CizeronRussia Ekaterina Bobrova / Dmitri SolovievRussia Alexandra Stepanova / Ivan Bukin[51]
2019Belarus MinskFrance Gabriella Papadakis / Guillaume CizeronRussia Alexandra Stepanova / Ivan BukinItaly Charlène Guignard / Marco Fabbri[52]
2020Austria GrazRussia Victoria Sinitsina / Nikita KatsalapovFrance Gabriella Papadakis / Guillaume CizeronRussia Alexandra Stepanova / Ivan Bukin[53]
2021Croatia ZagrebEvent cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic[54]
2022Estonia TallinnRussia Victoria Sinitsina / Nikita KatsalapovRussia Alexandra Stepanova / Ivan BukinItaly Charlène Guignard / Marco Fabbri[55]
2023Finland EspooItaly Charlène Guignard / Marco FabbriUnited Kingdom Lilah Fear / Lewis GibsonFinland Juulia Turkkila / Matthias Versluis[56]
2024Lithuania KaunasItaly Charlène Guignard / Marco FabbriUnited Kingdom Lilah Fear / Lewis GibsonLithuania Allison Reed / Saulius Ambrulevičius[57]
2025Croatia Zagreb
2026United Kingdom Sheffield
2027Switzerland Lausanne

Cumulative medal table for overall placement (1891–2024)

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 Russia706457191
2 Soviet Union515846155
3 Austria453737119
4 France32302789
5 Great Britain273841106
6 East Germany23101851
7 Czechoslovakia16131443
8 West Germany13161847
9 Italy13151644
10 Germany11211648
11 Sweden111618
12 Hungary10141236
13 Spain7007
14 Netherlands63312
 Norway63312
16  Switzerland410519
17 Ukraine36817
18 Finland23914
19 CIS2338
20 Belgium2158
21 Canada2002
22 Georgia1236
23 Czech Republic1225
24 United States1113
25 Poland0347
26 Bulgaria0213
27 Estonia0101
 Israel0101
 Yugoslavia0101
30 Lithuania0033
31 Latvia0011
Totals (31 entries)3593593591077

Small medals for placement in segments (2011–2024)

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 Russia486344155
2 France216734
3 Italy14121945
4 Spain121114
5 Georgia3137
6 Germany27413
7 Belgium2327
8 Czech Republic1348
9 Finland1135
10 Great Britain0448
11  Switzerland0347
12 Latvia0033
13 Estonia0022
 Lithuania0022
15 Hungary0011
 Israel0011
Totals (16 entries)104104104312

Footnotes

  1. The European Championships were held for the 100th time in 2008 in Zagreb, Croatia.[1]
  2. After Barbara Ann Scott from Canada and Dick Button from the United States had won Europeans in 1948 (Eva Pawlik of Austria and Hans Gerschwiler of Switzerland had been awarded the silver medals) the competition was restricted to European skaters.
  3. The North American Championships, a biennial competition between Canada and the U.S., was a parallel competition to Europeans but were last held in 1971. The Four Continents Championships, implemented in 1999, currently provides opportunities for non-European skaters.[22]
  4. For the 2023–2024 season, skaters must have reached the age of 16 and for the 2024–2025 season and onwards, skaters must have reached the age of 17.[26]

References

  1. 1 2 3 Hines (2015), p. 51
  2. "History of Figure Skating". Lausanne, Switzerland: International Skating Union. 2019. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
  3. 1 2 3 Hines (2011), p. xxi
  4. 1 2 Men's Result, p. 1
  5. "The European Figure Skating Championships – An Annual Competition Organised by the ISU". Europeans 2012. European Figure Skating. 2019. Retrieved 12 November 2022.
  6. Hines (2015), p. 49
  7. Hines (2015), pp.49-50
  8. Men's Result, pp. 1-2
  9. 1 2 3 4 Hines (2015), p. 50
  10. Men's Result, pp. 2-3
  11. Wright, Benjamin T. (1992). Skating around the World, 1892-1992: The One Hundredth Anniversary History of the International Skating Union. Davos, Switzerland: International Skating Union. p. 16.
  12. Men's Result, pp. 3-4
  13. Hines (2015), p. 52
  14. 1 2 Hines (2011), p. 6
  15. Hines (2011), pp. xxii, xxiv
  16. "European Figure Skating Championships Canceled for First Time since World War II". ESPN. Associated Press. 10 December 2020. Retrieved 12 November 2022.
  17. 1 2 3 Hines, James R. (2006). Figure Skating: A History. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press. p. 107. ISBN 0-252-07286-3.
  18. Hines (2015), pp. 51-52
  19. "Eva Pawlik and Rudi Seeliger". International Figure Skating Magazine. February 2009.
  20. "Erinnerungen an Eva Pawlik (Memories of Eva Pawlik)". Pirouette: 37–38. August 2007.
  21. Seeliger, Roman (1993). "Die Wiener Eisrevue. Ein verklungener Traum ("The Vienna Ice Revue. A Dream That Has Faded Away")". Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky: 36.
  22. Hines (2011), pp. 10-11
  23. Hines (2011), p. 83
  24. Hines (2011), p. 19
  25. S&P/ID (2022), p. 25
  26. 1 2 "Communication No. 2494: Single & Pair Skating/Ice Dance". Lausanne, Switzerland: International Skating Union. 30 June 2022. p. 1. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
  27. "New Rules for New Development in Figure Skating". Lausanne, Switzerland: International Skating Union. 14 October 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  28. S&P/ID (2022), pp. 25, 27
  29. S&P/ID (2022), p. 33
  30. 1 2 S&P/ID (2022), p. 26
  31. S&P/ID (2022), p. 29
  32. 1 2 S&P/ID (2022), p. 27
  33. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 "European Figure Skating Championships: Men" (PDF). International Skating Union. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 December 2013. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
  34. 1 2 3 4 "European Figure Skating Championships 2001". International Skating Union. 16 September 2001. Archived from the original on 1 September 2020. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
  35. 1 2 3 4 "European Figure Skating Championships 2002". International Skating Union. 19 January 2002. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
  36. 1 2 3 4 "2003 European Figure Skating Championships". International Skating Union. 21 January 2003. Archived from the original on 15 June 2019. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  37. 1 2 3 4 "2004 ISU European Figure Skating Championships". International Skating Union. 2 January 2004. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  38. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2005". International Skating Union. 29 January 2005. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  39. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2006". International Skating Union. 21 January 2006. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  40. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2007". International Skating Union. 27 January 2007. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  41. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2008". International Skating Union. 26 January 2008. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  42. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2009". International Skating Union. 24 January 2009. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  43. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2010". International Skating Union. 25 January 2010. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  44. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2011". International Skating Union. 29 January 2011. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  45. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2012". International Skating Union. 28 January 2012. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  46. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2013". International Skating Union. 26 January 2013. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  47. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2014". International Skating Union. 29 January 2014. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  48. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2015". International Skating Union. 2 February 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  49. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2016". International Skating Union. 30 January 2016. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  50. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2017". International Skating Union. 28 January 2017. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  51. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2018". International Skating Union. 21 January 2018. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  52. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2019". International Skating Union. 26 January 2019. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  53. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2020". International Skating Union. 25 January 2020. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  54. 1 2 3 4 "Update on ISU Event Calendar season 2020/21". International Skating Union. 10 December 2020. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  55. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2022". International Skating Union. 15 January 2022. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  56. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2023". International Skating Union. 28 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  57. 1 2 3 4 "ISU European Figure Skating Championships 2024". International Skating Union. 13 January 2024. Retrieved 10 January 2024.
  58. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 "European Figure Skating Championships: Ladies" (PDF). International Skating Union. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2013. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  59. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 "European Figure Skating Championships: Pairs" (PDF). International Skating Union. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 December 2013. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  60. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 "European Figure Skating Championships: Ice Dance" (PDF). International Skating Union. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 December 2013. Retrieved 17 November 2022.

Works cited

  • Hines, James R. (2011). Historical Dictionary of Figure Skating. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6859-5.
  • Hines, James R. (2015). Figure Skating in the Formative Years: Singles, Pairs, and the Expanding Role of Women. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-03906-5.
  • "Men's Results". Skatabase.net. Retrieved 12 November 2022.
  • "Special Regulations & Technical Rules Single & Pair Skating and Ice Dance 2022" (S&P/ID 2022). International Skating Union. Retrieved 14 November 2022.
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