Khosravi
Persian: خسروی
Village
Khosravi is located in Iran
Khosravi
Khosravi
Coordinates: 34°23′22″N 45°28′16″E / 34.38944°N 45.47111°E / 34.38944; 45.47111[1]
Country Iran
ProvinceKermanshah
CountyQasr-e Shirin
DistrictCentral
Rural DistrictAlvand
Population
 (2016)[2]
 • Total52
Time zoneUTC+3:30 (IRST)

Khosravi (Persian: خسروی, also Romanized as Khosravī and Khosrovī; also known as Khosrowvī, Khūsrawī, and Khūsrovī)[3] is a village in Alvand Rural District of the Central District of Qasr-e Shirin County, Kermanshah province, Iran. The village is populated by Kurds.[4]

At the 2006 National Census, its population was 11 in 5 households.[5] The following census in 2011 counted 32 people in 13 households.[6] The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 52 people in 11 households. It was the largest village in its rural district.[2]

History

On 10 May 1992, an unidentified number of Iraqi and Iranian POWs were exchanged at Khosravi border; on 19 May 1993, another 200 Iraqi POWs were released there; and on 18 August 1995, approximately 100 Iraqi POWs were released near the Iran/Iraq border of Mundharieh-Khosravi.[7] In october 1995, Iran and Iraq agreed to exchange the remains of the troops killed from both sides during the war via Khosravi border crossing.[8] Another POW exchange occurred in March 2003.[9] The first group of Iranian religious tourists left for Iraq on 15 August 1998 via Khosravi after 20 years of border closure to pilgrims. Prior to 2003, Khosravi was the sole official and active border crossing between Iran and Iraq.[10]

Infrastructure

Transport

Roads

Road 48 or Karbala Highway having roadside tree planting as a distinctive feature ends here on the Iranian side.[11] It then joins Highway 5 on the Iraqi side. In the year 2000 officials of the Iranian Roads and Transportation Ministry and their Iraqi counterparts reached an agreement for the transit of passenger and cargo on the Kermanshah-Khosravi Road as part of land transportation link between the two countries.[12] The resurfacing of 4.2 Kms of the return lanes of the 10th section of the Karbala highway situated between Qasr-e Shirin and Khosravi began on 6 June 2022. This section is a divided highway using guard rails.[13] Khosravi is considered to be the end of the Asian Highway Route 2, which goes all the way to Singapore.

Border terminal

The Khosravi border terminal was inaugurated in March 2002 with a capacity of 10000 travelers per day.[14] Construction work for the border terminal had begun in 1998.[15][12] The terminal comprises a customs office as well as passenger and cargo corridors.[12] It was announced as the largest land border terminal in Iran and the middle east and still is.[16] The border is known as Manzarieh/Munthrya on the Iraqi side of the border.[17][18] Two 3-star hotels were opened in 2011 to accommodate mainly Iranian religious tourists crossing the border.[19][20] In 2013, 2,000 Iranian pilgrims crossed the Khosravi border terminal to reach Iraq every day, according to the then governor of the Iranian city of Qasr-e Shirin.[21] This number was 3,000 for Iraqi pilgrims crossing into Iran in September 2019. Khosravi border terminal located 19 km to the southwest of Qasre Shirin mostly overlooks and interacts with the Arab region of Iraq and is open from 7 AM to 4:30 PM unlike Parviz border terminal which is closely located to the north of the county center, is mainly in contact with the Kurdish region of Iraq and is open 24 hours.[22] According to the latest figures, in the first three months of the Iranian solar year 1402, the number of people entering the country was 27,315 and the number of exists stood at 23,577. These numbers show a significant increase compared to the same period of the year before.[23]

Rail

The railway route the west railway known domestically as Rahahane Gharb which is under construction and which is going to connect Iran to Iraq will have its last station in Khosravi.[24][25][26]

Border trade

Khosravi has a long history of trade with Iraq.[27] It is home to the biggest international export terminal in the Middle East.[28] Khosravi commercial border is located south of Khosravi terminal, next to its customs. Improvement and mobilization of this commercial border has been carried out since 2001.[29] In a MoU signed in 2006 between the governor general of Kermanshah Province and the governor of Sulaymaniyah the two sides agreed to exchange auto spare parts and fuel through Khosravi.[30] Averagely, in 2014, 51,000 exported shipments were transferred through this commercial border. The most important goods exported from this border to the central and southern parts of Iraq were cement, tiles, ironware, fruit, and vegetables.[29] Commercial exchanges and border trade is done by as many as 500 trucks on a daily basis according to the figures from 2016, June 2018 and 2021.[31][32][33] Exports hit $687 million in the year 2021.[33]

Free trade zone

Because Khosravi customs has extensive infrastructural facilities, Kermanshah province governor general announced the proposal of the inclusion of Khosravi in Qasr-e Shirin free trade zone on 21 August 2021 to the government.[34]

References

  1. ↑ OpenStreetMap contributors (15 July 2023). "Khosravi, Qasr-e Shirin County" (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  2. 1 2 "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 05. Archived from the original (Excel) on 3 April 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  3. ↑ Khosravi can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3071290" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
  4. ↑ "Language distribution: Kermanshah Province". Iran Atlas. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
  5. ↑ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 05. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  6. ↑ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)" (Excel). Iran Data Portal (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 05. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  7. ↑ "Refworld | Iran: Information since 1989 on where Iraqi prisoners-of-war (POWs) were kept; on their treatment; on when they were exchanged; and on whether there were any reports of these Iraqi POWs being held against their will subsequent to the POW exchange and as recently as 1994".
  8. ↑ "Iran returns remains of 61 Iraqi troops".
  9. ↑ "Iraqi POWs Returning Home from Iran Try to Flee Again". 20 March 2003.
  10. ↑ "آماده‌سازی هزاران جای پارک خودرو در مرز خسروی". همشهری آنلاین. 6 September 2022. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  11. ↑ "جنگل کاری ۳۷۲ کیلومتر از بزرگراه کربلا - خبرگزاری پیام اربعین".
  12. 1 2 3 "Iran Offers New Proposal to Resolve POW Issue with Iraq". 15 December 2000.
  13. ↑ Sardabir Press
  14. ↑ "Khosravi Border Terminal Opens with Capacity of 10,000 Travellers per Day". 6 March 2002.
  15. ↑ "رييس پايانه مرزي خسروي در گفت‌وگو با ايسنا: عبور روزانه‌ 100تانکر سوخت از مرز نشانه امنيت کامل منطقه است". 14 December 2005.
  16. ↑ "Magiran | روزنامه رسالت (1390/07/16): مرز بین المللی خسروی به عنوان بزرگترین پایانه مرزی خاورمیانه بازگشایی شد".
  17. ↑ "Iraq Opens Another Border Crossing with Iran". 24 July 2020.
  18. ↑ https://dlca.logcluster.org/spaces/flyingpdf/pdfpageexport.action?pageId=10129372
  19. ↑ "هتل ثامن - مرز خسروی Samen Hotel - Khosravi border 2".
  20. ↑ "هتل امام رضا (ع) قصر شیرین | عکس و قیمت رزرو با بیشترین تخفیف Off%". www.raheeno.com. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  21. ↑ "Iraqi Religious Tourism Declines Because of Weak Iranian Economy - Al-Monitor: The Pulse of the Middle East".
  22. ↑ "Khosravi Border - توسعه صادرات صنعت سیمان". 24 April 2021.
  23. ↑ "خروج ٢٣ هزار مسافر ِعراق از مرز خسروی طی سه ماهه امسال". خبرآنلاین. 12 July 2023. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  24. ↑ "Kermanshah- Khosravi Railway".
  25. ↑ "Iran - Iraq links".
  26. ↑ "یک خط آهن راهبردی بین ایران و عراق / صرفه جویی ۲۲۵میلیون لیتر گازوئیل در سال". www.eghtesadonline.com. 18 September 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  27. ↑ "Khosravi crossing to push Iran-Iraq ties further". 6 December 2006.
  28. ↑ "Khosravi Border Registers Growth in Exports, Transit". Financial Tribune. 4 January 2023. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  29. 1 2 "Border Bazar".
  30. ↑ "Economic news in brief (Aug. 22)". 22 August 2006.
  31. ↑ "50% of Non-Oil Exports to Iraq Via Parvizkhan". 22 June 2018.
  32. ↑ "Some $829m worth of products exported through Qasr-e Shirin border to Iraq".
  33. 1 2 "مرز تجاری بین المللی خسروی".
  34. ↑ "پرویزخان و خسروی به محدوده منطقه آزاد قصرشیرین اضافه می‌شوند".
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