54th Parliament of New Zealand
←53rd Parliament
Parliament House, Wellington
Overview
Legislative bodyNew Zealand Parliament
Term5 December 2023 –
Election2023 general election
GovernmentSixth National Government
Websitewww.parliament.nz
House of Representatives
Members123
Speaker of the HouseGerry Brownlee
Leader of the HouseChris Bishop
Prime MinisterChristopher Luxon
Leader of the OppositionChris Hipkins
Sovereign
MonarchCharles III
Governor-GeneralCindy Kiro
Terms of the
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The 54th New Zealand Parliament is the current meeting of the legislature in New Zealand. It opened on 5 December 2023 following the 14 October 2023 general election, and will expire on or before 16 November 2026 to trigger the next election.

The Parliament was elected using a mixed-member proportional representation (MMP) voting system. MPs will represent 72 geographical electorates: 16 in the South Island, 49 in the North Island and 7 Māori electorates. The Electoral Act 1993 provides for the remaining seats to be elected from party lists using the Sainte-Laguë method to realise proportionality to an expected total of at least 120 MPs.[1]

Final results of the election determine that there will be 123 members of Parliament, rather than the usual 120. 122 members were elected in the general election (there is an overhang of two members for Te Pāti Māori).[2][3] Due to the death of a candidate between the close of nominations and election day, Port Waikato did not elect a representative and an additional list MP was elected to ensure Parliament would have at least 120 members. The 72nd electorate MP, and 123rd MP overall, was elected in the Port Waikato by-election on 25 November 2023.[4]

Members in the 54th Parliament represent six political parties: National, ACT New Zealand, New Zealand First parties, in government, and the Labour Party, Green Party, and Te Pāti Māori, in opposition. Christopher Luxon of the National Party formed a coalition government with ACT and New Zealand First and was sworn in as prime minister on 27 November 2023.[5][6]

Background

2023 general election

The 2023 general election was held on 14 October. The opposition National Party won 48 seats in the election, an increase of 14 seats. The ruling Labour Party was reduced to 34 seats after losing a total of 28 seats. The Green Party, Labour's cooperation partner, got 15 seats, a rise of 6. The ACT Party increased its seat count by one. Te Pāti Māori took five Maori seats from Labour, totaling six seats, one more than their party vote entitled them to, giving parliament a three-seat overhang. After being voted out in the 2020 New Zealand general election, New Zealand First returned to parliament, earning eight seats.[7]

Government formation

Following the general election, the National Party required support from the ACT Party and New Zealand First to command the confidence of the House.[8] Negotiations between the three parties took place after the official results were announced on 3 November. After three weeks of negotiations, Christopher Luxon announced the formation of a coalition government with ACT and New Zealand First on 24 November.[9] On 27 November, Luxon was sworn in as prime minister by Governor-General Dame Cindy Kiro.[10]

Parliamentary term

The final results of the election were announced on 3 November and the writ for the 2023 election was returned on 16 November 2023.[11][12] Under section 19 of Constitution Act 1986, Parliament must meet no later than six weeks after this date; on 29 November 2023, following the new government's first Cabinet meeting, Leader of the House Chris Bishop confirmed that the Commission Opening and State Opening of Parliament would take place on 5 and 6 December 2023, respectively.

Timeline

Dissolution

The 54th Parliament will serve until another election is called. Under section 17 of the Constitution Act 1986, Parliament expires three years "from the day fixed for the return of the writs issued for the last preceding general election of members of the House of Representatives, and no longer".[16] The writ for the 2023 election was issued on 10 September 2023 and returned on 16 November 2023, meaning that the 54th Parliament would have to dissolve on or before 16 November 2026.

Officeholders

Presiding officers

Other parliamentary officers

Party leaders

Floor leaders

Whips

Shadow cabinets

Members

Overview

The table below shows the members of the 54th Parliament based on the results of the 2023 general election, including the result of the Port Waikato by-election. Ministerial roles were officially announced on 24 November 2023.[19] Based on the official results, 41 candidates who had never been in parliament before were returned. Of those, 19 were from National,[20] 2 from Labour,[20] 8 from the Greens,[21] 4 from ACT,[21] 4 from Te Pāti Māori,[22] and 4 from NZ First.[23] The parliament will have 123 seats after the Port Waikato by-election has concluded, meaning that one-third of the members are newcomers.

This table shows the number of MPs in each party:

Affiliation Members
At 2023 election
National 49
ACT 11
NZ First 8
Government total 68
Labour 34
Green 15
Te Pāti Māori 6
Opposition total 55
Total MPs in
Parliament		 123
Working Government
majority		 13

Notes

  • The Working Government majority is calculated as all Government MPs less all other parties.

Members

Demographics

The 54th Parliament has a historically high number of Māori MPs at 33. The number of female MPs, 55, is the second highest in New Zealand history, down from the high of 61 achieved during the 53rd Parliament.[24]

The number of Pasifika MPs, 6, is also down from the record number in the previous parliament, and is at its lowest number in 10 years.[24][25] There are currently no Pasifika MPs on the government benches.

Only 5 MPs who publicly identify as LGBTQIA+ were elected, 2 each from Labour and the Greens and 1 from ACT. This is down from a record 12 (10%) elected in the 2020 election.[26]

Party Female Male
No. ± % No. ± %
National 16 Increase 31% 33 Increase 69%
Labour 19 Decrease 56% 15 Decrease 44%
Greens 9 60% 6 40%
ACT 4 36% 7 64%
New Zealand First 3 Increase3 38% 5 Increase5 63%
Te Pāti Māori 4 Increase3 67% 2 Increase1 33%
Total 55 Decrease7 44% 68 Increase9 56%
Party Pākehā Māori Pasifika Asian MELAA
No. ± % No. ± % No. ± % No. ± % No. ± %
National 39 Increase 80% 5 Increase2 10% – – – 4 8% 1 Increase1 2%
Labour 18 Decrease 53% 9 Decrease7 26% 5 Decrease5 15% 2 6% – Decrease1 –
Greens 5 33% 6 40% 1 – 7% 1 7% 2 Increase1 13%
ACT 7 64% 3 27% – – – 1 9% – – –
New Zealand First 4 Increase4 50% 4 Increase4 50% – – – – – – – – –
Te Pāti Māori – – – 6 Increase4 100% – – – – – – – – –
Total 73 59% 33 Increase 27% 6 Decrease5 5% 8 Increase1 7% 3 Increase 2%

Changes

The following changes in Members of Parliament occurred during the term of the 54th Parliament:

# Seat Incumbent Replacement
Party Name Date vacated Reason Party Name Date elected Change
1. List Labour Kelvin Davis 6 February 2024[27] Resigned Labour TBA TBA February 2024 List

Seating plan

Start of term

The chamber is in a horseshoe-shape.[28]

Committees

The 54th Parliament has 12 select committees and 6 specialist committees.[29] They are listed below, with their chairpersons and deputy chairpersons:

Committee Chairperson Deputy chairperson Government–Opposition divide
Select committees
Economic Development, Science and Innovation Committee[30] Parmjeet Parmar (ACT) Vanessa Weenink (National) 4–4
Education and Workforce Committee[31] Katie Nimon (National) Carl Bates (National) 5–4
Environment Committee[32] David MacLeod (National) Mike Butterick (National) 5–4
Finance and Expenditure Committee[33] Stuart Smith (National) Catherine Wedd (National) 6–5
Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade Committee[34] Tim van de Molen (National) Hon Peeni Henare (Labour) 4–3
Governance and Administration Committee[35] Rachel Boyack (Labour) Cameron Brewer (National) 4–3
Health Committee[36] Sam Uffindell (National) Hamish Campbell (National) 5–4
Justice Committee[37] James Meager (National) Jamie Arbuckle (NZ First) 6–5
Māori Affairs Committee[38] Dan Bidois (National) Rima Nakhle (National) 4–5
Primary Production Committee[39] Mark Cameron (ACT) Miles Anderson (National) 4–3
Social Services and Community Committee[40] Joseph Mooney (National) Paulo Garcia (National) 5–4
Transport and Infrastructure Committee[41] Andy Foster (NZ First) Grant McCallum (National) 4–4
Specialist committees
Business Committee[42] Rt Hon Gerry Brownlee (National) none 5–4
Officers of Parliament Committee[43] Rt Hon Gerry Brownlee (National) TBD TBD
Petitions Committee[44] Greg O'Connor (Labour) Greg Fleming (National) 2–2
Privileges Committee[45] TBD TBD TBD
Regulations Review Committee[46] Hon Duncan Webb (Labour) Ryan Hamilton (National) 3–2
Standing Orders Committee[47] TBD TBD TBD

Electorates

This section shows the New Zealand electorates as they are currently represented in the 54th Parliament.[48]

General and Māori electorates since 2023, showing the 2023 election results

General electorates

Electorate Region MP Party
Auckland Central Auckland Chlöe Swarbrick Green
Banks Peninsula Canterbury Vanessa Weenink National
Bay of Plenty Bay of Plenty Tom Rutherford National
Botany Auckland Christopher Luxon National
Christchurch Central Canterbury Duncan Webb Labour
Christchurch East Canterbury Reuben Davidson Labour
Coromandel Waikato Scott Simpson National
Dunedin Otago Rachel Brooking Labour
East Coast Gisborne and Bay of Plenty Dana Kirkpatrick National
East Coast Bays Auckland Erica Stanford National
Epsom Auckland David Seymour ACT
Hamilton East Waikato Ryan Hamilton National
Hamilton West Waikato Tama Potaka National
Hutt South Wellington Chris Bishop National
Ilam Canterbury Hamish Campbell National
Invercargill Southland Penny Simmonds National
Kaikōura Marlborough and Canterbury Stuart Smith National
Kaipara ki Mahurangi Auckland Chris Penk National
Kelston Auckland Carmel Sepuloni Labour
Mana Wellington Barbara Edmonds Labour
Māngere Auckland Lemauga Lydia Sosene Labour
Manurewa Auckland Arena Williams Labour
Maungakiekie Auckland Greg Fleming National
Mt Albert Auckland Helen White Labour
Mt Roskill Auckland Carlos Cheung National
Napier Hawke's Bay Katie Nimon National
Nelson Nelson and Tasman Rachel Boyack Labour
New Lynn Auckland Paulo Garcia National
New Plymouth Taranaki David MacLeod National
North Shore Auckland Simon Watts National
Northcote Auckland Dan Bidois National
Northland Northland Grant McCallum National
Ōhāriu Wellington Greg O'Connor Labour
Ōtaki Wellington and Manawatū-Whanganui Tim Costley National
Pakuranga Auckland Simeon Brown National
Palmerston North Manawatū-Whanganui Tangi Utikere Labour
Panmure-Ōtāhuhu Auckland Jenny Salesa Labour
Papakura Auckland Judith Collins National
Port Waikato Auckland and Waikato Andrew Bayly National
Rangitata Canterbury James Meager National
Rangitīkei Manawatū-Whanganui Suze Redmayne National
Remutaka Wellington Chris Hipkins Labour
Rongotai Wellington and the Chatham Islands Julie Anne Genter Green
Rotorua Bay of Plenty Todd McClay National
Selwyn Canterbury Nicola Grigg National
Southland Southland and Otago Joseph Mooney National
Taieri Otago Ingrid Leary Labour
Takanini Auckland Rima Nakhle National
Tāmaki Auckland Brooke van Velden ACT
Taranaki-King Country Taranaki and Waikato Barbara Kuriger National
Taupō Waikato Louise Upston National
Tauranga Bay of Plenty Sam Uffindell National
Te Atatū Auckland Phil Twyford Labour
Tukituki Hawke's Bay Catherine Wedd National
Upper Harbour Auckland Cameron Brewer National
Waikato Waikato Tim van de Molen National
Waimakariri Canterbury Matt Doocey National
Wairarapa Wellington, Manawatū-Whanganui and Hawke's Bay Mike Butterick National
Waitaki Otago and Canterbury Miles Anderson National
Wellington Central Wellington Tamatha Paul Green
West Coast-Tasman West Coast and Tasman Maureen Pugh National
Whanganui Manawatū-Whanganui and Taranaki Carl Bates National
Whangaparāoa Auckland Mark Mitchell National
Whangārei Northland Shane Reti National
Wigram Canterbury Megan Woods Labour

Māori electorates

Electorate Region MP Party
Te Tai Tokerau Northland and Auckland Mariameno Kapa-Kingi Māori
Tāmaki Makaurau Auckland Takutai Moana Kemp Māori
Hauraki-Waikato Auckland and Waikato Hana-Rawhiti Maipi-Clarke Māori
Waiariki Bay of Plenty and Waikato Rawiri Waititi Māori
Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Hawke's Bay, Gisborne, Manawatū-Whanganui and Wellington Cushla Tangaere-Manuel Labour
Te Tai Hauāuru Taranaki, Waikato, Manawatū-Whanganui and Wellington Debbie Ngarewa-Packer Māori
Te Tai Tonga The South Island, Wellington and the Chatham Islands Tākuta Ferris Māori

See also

References

  1. ↑ Wilson, Simon (14 September 2017). "MMP maths: How party vote percentages become seats in parliament". The Spinoff. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  2. ↑ Stuff. "Election 2023: Final results". interactives.stuff.co.nz. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  3. ↑ "2023 General Election - Preliminary Count". Electoral Commission. 14 October 2023. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  4. ↑ Cheng, Derek (9 October 2023). "Election 2023: Act candidate Neil Christensen dies, by-election to be held for Port Waikato". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
  5. ↑ "Coalition deal: Peters to be deputy prime minister first, followed by Seymour". 1 News. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
  6. ↑ "Christopher Luxon sworn in as New Zealand's new prime minister". TVNZ. 1News. 27 November 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  7. ↑ "2023 General Election – Official Result". ElectionResults.govt.nz. Electoral Commission. 3 November 2023.
  8. ↑ "National and Act lose majority in final vote count". Newsroom. 3 November 2023. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  9. ↑ "Coalition deal: Peters to be deputy prime minister first, followed by Seymour". 1 News. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
  10. ↑ "Christopher Luxon sworn in as New Zealand's new prime minister". TVNZ. 1News. 27 November 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  11. ↑ "Official results for the 2023 General Election". Electoral Commission. 3 November 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  12. ↑ "2023 General Election writ returned". Electoral Commission. 16 November 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  13. ↑ "2023 General Election writ returned". Electoral Commission. 16 November 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  14. ↑ "Coalition deal: Peters to be deputy prime minister first, followed by Seymour". 1 News. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
  15. ↑ "Christopher Luxon sworn in as New Zealand's new prime minister". TVNZ. 1News. 27 November 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  16. ↑ "Constitution Act 1986". Parliamentary Counsel Office. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
  17. ↑ "Who We Are". New Zealand Parliament. Office of the Clerk. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
  18. ↑ "Medieval role still relevant today at Parliament". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
  19. ↑ "Who gets what? List of New Zealand's new ministers". 1 News. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
  20. 1 2 "Who are the new National and Labour MPs?". The Spinoff. 17 October 2023. Archived from the original on 19 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
  21. 1 2 Mathias, Shanti (18 October 2023). "Who are the new Greens and Act MPs?". The Spinoff. Archived from the original on 25 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
  22. ↑ de Silva, Tommy (16 October 2023). "Meet the two new MPs from Te Pāti Māori". The Spinoff. Archived from the original on 25 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
  23. ↑ de Silva, Tommy (16 October 2023). "Meet the new NZ First MPs". The Spinoff. Archived from the original on 19 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
  24. 1 2 "Who's representing you? Record for Māori MPs, but fewer women in Parliament". Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  25. ↑ Tan, Alexander; Vanvari, Neel (16 November 2023). "Lost voices: Ethnic diversity in the New Zealand Parliament will decline after the 2023 election". The Conversation. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
  26. ↑ Chapman, Madeleine (6 November 2023). "A National/Act/NZ First government would mean a whole lot of men in charge (again)". The Spinoff. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
  27. ↑ "Kelvin Davis calls time on politics career, will end at Waitangi". Stuff. 15 December 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
  28. ↑ "House seating plan – New Zealand Parliament" (PDF). www.parliament.nz. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 December 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  29. ↑ "Select committee members in the 54th Parliament". New Zealand Parliament. 13 December 2023.
  30. ↑ "Economic Development, Science and Innovation – Committee Members". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  31. ↑ "Education and Workforce – Committee Members". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  32. ↑ "Environment – Committee Members". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  33. ↑ "Finance and Expenditure – Committee Members". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  34. ↑ "Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade – Committee Members". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  35. ↑ "Governance and Administration – Committee Members". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  36. ↑ "Health – Committee Members". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  37. ↑ "Justice – Committee Members". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  38. ↑ "Māori Affairs – Committee Members". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  39. ↑ "Primary Production – Committee Members". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  40. ↑ "Social Services and Community – Committee Members". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  41. ↑ "Transport and Infrastructure – Committee Members". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  42. ↑ "Business – Committee Members". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  43. ↑ "Officers of Parliament – Committee Members". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
  44. ↑ "Petitions – Committee Members". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  45. ↑ "Privileges – Committee Members". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  46. ↑ "Regulations Review – Committee Members". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  47. ↑ "Standing Orders – Committee Members". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
  48. ↑ "2023-au5158". New Zealand Gazette. 3 November 2023.
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