Northeast Italy
Italia nord-orientale (Italian)
Nord-est (Italian)
Map of Italy, highlighting Northeast Italy
CountryItaly
Regions
Area
 • Total62,310 km2 (24,060 sq mi)
Population
[1]
 • Estimate 
(2022)
11,532,690
Languages 
 – Official languageItalian
 – Official linguistic minorities[2]
 – Regional languages


Northeast Italy (Italian: Italia nord-orientale or just Nord-est) is one of the five official statistical regions of Italy used by the National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), a first level NUTS region and a European Parliament constituency. Northeast encompasses four of the country's 20 regions:

Historical names

Triveneto

Triveneto (literally "Triple Veneto") is a historical region of Italy. The area is made up of the three smaller historical regions of Venezia Euganea ("Euganean Venetia"), Venezia Giulia ("Julian March") and Venezia Tridentina ("Tridentine Venetia").[3] This territory was named after the Roman region of Venetia et Histria. The entire area was under Austrian rule in 1863; Italy annexed Venezia Euganea in 1866,[4] following the Third Italian War of Independence and a controversial plebiscite (see Venetian nationalism); Julian Venetia and Venezia Tridentina passed under the Italian rule in 1919, following the end of World War I.[5] After World War II, Italy retained the most part of Tre Venezie, but lost Slovenian and Croatian majority areas of the upper Isonzo valley (together with the eastern part of Gorizia, today called Nova Gorica), the city of Fiume, most part of Carso region and most part of Istria to Yugoslavia.[6] The areas of Trieste (Zone A) and north-west Istria (Zone B) were formed in the Free Territory of Trieste: in 1954, Italy reannexed Zone A, while Zone B was ceded to Yugoslavia. Nowadays the name Triveneto includes the three administrative regions of Veneto, Friuli-Venezia Giulia and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol

Roman Venetia et Histria

Venetia et Histria, an old region of Italy at the time of Roman Empire, refers to Veneto, Trentino, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, East Lombardy and Istria; it was named after the people of Veneti, who inhabited that region, and who are still largely the main ethnic group of the Italian area (other main ethnic groups include Friulani in the east, mostly in Udine province; Ladins in the Dolomites are between Veneto and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol; Germans in South Tyrol; and Slovene minorities on the border with Slovenia and in the city of Trieste); while after 1947 Venetian/Istrian Italians are just a minority in Slovenian and Croatian Istria. Roman Venetia et Histria was originally created by Augustus as the tenth regio in 7 AD alongside the nine other regiones. The region had been one of the last regions of Italy to be incorporated into the Roman Empire.[7] It was later renamed by Diocletian the VIII provincia Venetia et Histria in the third century. Its capital was at Aquileia, and it stretched geographically from the Arsia River in the east in what is now Croatia to the Abdua in the current Italian region of Lombardy and from the Alps to the Adriatic Sea.[8] Venetia, a region which indicated the old land provinces of the Republic of Venice from river Adda to river Isonzo, and is sometimes still used today to indicate this territory together with Trentino and Trieste.

Geography

It borders to the north with Austria and Switzerland, to the east with Slovenia, to the south with Liguria, Tuscany, Marche and the small state of San Marino, to the west with Lombardy and for a very short stretch with Piedmont. Emilia-Romagna, Friuli-Venezia Giulia and Veneto are washed by the Adriatic Sea

Northeastern Italy includes most of the Po Valley, crossed by the Po river, the longest river in Italy, and includes highly industrialized regions with a high tourist activity.

Demography

In 2022, the population resident in north-eastern Italy amounts to 11,532,690 inhabitants.[1]

Regions

RegionCapitalInhabitants
 Emilia-RomagnaBologna4,426,929
 Friuli-Venezia GiuliaTrieste1,192,191
 Trentino-Alto Adige/SüdtirolTrento1,075,317
 VenetoVenice4,838,253

Most populous municipalities

Bologna
Verona
Venice
Padua

Below is the list of the population residing in 2022 in municipalities with more than 50,000 inhabitants.[1]

#MunicipalityRegionInhabitants
1Bologna Emilia-Romagna398,971
2Verona Veneto255,588
3Venice Veneto250,369
4Padua Veneto206,496
5Trieste Friuli-Venezia Giulia198,417
6Parma Emilia-Romagna196,764
7Modena Emilia-Romagna184,153
8Reggio Emilia Emilia-Romagna169,545
9Ravenna Emilia-Romagna155,751
10Rimini Emilia-Romagna149,211
11Ferrara Emilia-Romagna129,340
12Trento Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol118,046
13Forlì Emilia-Romagna116,440
14Vicenza Veneto109,823
15Bolzano Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol106,107
16Piacenza Emilia-Romagna102,465
17Udine Friuli-Venezia Giulia97,808
18Cesena Emilia-Romagna95,778
19Treviso Veneto84,607
20Carpi Emilia-Romagna71,869
21Imola Emilia-Romagna69,121
22Faenza Emilia-Romagna58,710
23Pordenone Friuli-Venezia Giulia51,725

Languages

Italian is the main language. Other languages include Venetian, widely spoken in Veneto and along the coast to Trieste and Istria, as well as in the towns of Pordenone and Gorizia in Friuli, and in most of Trentino, but only recognised by the Veneto region; Friulian, spoken in most of Friuli and nationally recognized, and Ladin, spoken by a few thousand people in the Dolomites. Other languages are German, the primary language of South Tyrol, where Italian is spoken by about two thirds of the inhabitants, and Slovene, recognized by Italy and spoken on the border of Italy and Istria, where the main language today is Croatian but Italian is recognized as a minority language.

Economy

The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the region was 407.9 billion euros in 2018, accounting for 23.1% of Italy's economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 34,900 euros or 116% of the EU27 average in the same year.[9]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Bilancio demografico e popolazione residente per sesso al 31 dicembre 2022" (in Italian). Retrieved 29 July 2023.
  2. ↑ "Legge 482". Webcitation.org. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  3. ↑ Venetia
  4. ↑ Peace of Prague (1866)
  5. ↑ Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)
  6. ↑ Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947
  7. ↑ BISPHAM, EDWARD (2007). "Pliny the Elder's Italy". Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies (100): 46. JSTOR 43767660. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  8. ↑ Berto, Luigi (2013). ""Venetia (Venice)": Its Formation and Meaning in the Middle Ages" (PDF). NeMLA Italian Studies. 35: 1–2. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  9. ↑ "Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30% to 263% of the EU average in 2018". Eurostat.

45°30′N 12°00′E / 45.500°N 12.000°E / 45.500; 12.000

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