Visa requirements

General visa requirements of sovereign countries towards United States citizens:

Country	Visa requirement	Allowed stay	Notes (excluding departure fees)	Reciprocity
Afghanistan	Visa required[3][4][5]		Visitors born in Afghanistan do not require a visa.[4] All visitors are fingerprinted, and are required to register with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs upon arrival.[4] The U.S. government forced all Afghan diplomatic missions in the U.S. to close in March 2022. Applicants must now obtain a visa from a mission in another country.[6][7][5] The Taliban accepts visas issued by diplomatic missions not under its control.[8]	Yes
Albania	Visa not required[9]	1 year		No
Algeria	Visa required[10]		Persons may be denied entry if entering with a passport containing visas or stamps issued by Israel.	Yes
Andorra	Visa not required[11]	3 months[12][13]		Yes
Angola	Visa not required[14][15]	30 days	30 days extendable once.[16] Maximum total stay of 90 days within any 1-year period.[17] Visitors must have a return/onward ticket and a hotel reservation confirmation.[18] Visitors who have been granted an online pre-visa or have requested a pre-visa from an Angolan consulate abroad are issued a visa upon arrival at the country's border crossings.[16] International Certificate of Vaccination required.[16]	No
Antigua and Barbuda	Visa not required[19]	6 months[20]	Stringent application of rules regarding proof of sufficient funds, return ticket and accommodation.	No
Argentina	Visa not required[21]	90 days	Extendable up to 180 days. Visitors are fingerprinted (Right thumb fingerprint) and photographed upon entry.[22]	No
Armenia	Visa not required[23][24]	180 days		No
Australia	Electronic Travel Authority[25]	90 days	90 days on each visit in 12-month period if granted. May enter using SmartGate.[26]	Yes
Austria	Visa not required[27][28]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area. Residence permit (Aufenthaltstitel) for stays of longer than 90 days obtainable after arrival under certain conditions.	Yes
Azerbaijan	eVisa[29][30]	30 days	If staying in Azerbaijan for more than ten days, visitors must register at the State Migration Service within three days of arrival.[31][32] Applicants of Armenian ancestry or with Armenian visas in their passport may be denied a visa.[33] Currently, the direct flight between New York and Baku is suspended, so the visa on arrival has also been suspended.[34]	No
Bahamas	Visa not required[35][36]	8 months	Passport Card or Enhanced Drivers License valid for Sea Travel	No
Bahrain	eVisa / Visa on arrival[37]	14 days[38]	Visa also obtainable online.[39]	No
Bangladesh	Visa on arrival[40][41]	30 days[42]	Available at Dhaka, Chittagong, and Sylhet international airports. No visa required for Bangladeshi Americans and their spouse and children with a copy of a former Bangladeshi passport, a Dual Nationality Certificate, NVR, a Bangladeshi NID, or a digital birth registration certificate.[43]	No
Barbados	Visa not required[44][45]	6 months[46]		No
Belarus	Visa required[47][48]			Yes
Belgium	Visa not required[49]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area[50] Residence permit (Titre de séjour/Verblijfstitel/Aufenthaltstitel) obtainable after arrival for stays longer than 90 days under certain conditions.	Yes
Belize	Visa not required[51]	180 days[52]		No
Benin	eVisa[53][54]	30 days	International Certificate of Vaccination required.[55] e-Visas are available for 30 or 90 days.	No
Bhutan	eVisa[56][57]		Sustainable Development Fee of $200 per day for almost all visitors to Bhutan.[58]	Yes/No
Bolivia	Visa on arrival[59]	30 days	No Fee if visa obtained prior to arrival (consular visa).[60] 160 dollar fee payable by US dollars that must be clean, and not wrinkled or torn or local currency if obtaining at border	No
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Visa not required[61][62]	90 days	90 days within any 6-month period. Registration with the local police within 24 hours of arrival is mandatory.[63]	No
Botswana	Visa not required[64][65]	90 days	90 days within any one-year period.[66]	No
Brazil	Visa not required / eVisa[67][68]	90 days[69]	Up to 90 days per visit, but no more than 180 days per year. Brazilian authorities have announced that United States citizens will require a visa beginning April 10, 2024.[70]	No
Brunei	Visa not required[71][72]	90 days		Yes
Bulgaria	Visa not required[73][74]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period.[75]	No
Burkina Faso	eVisa / Visa on arrival[76][77]	1 month	International Certificate of Vaccination required.[78]	No
Burundi	Visa on arrival[79]	1 month	Visa on arrival obtainable at Bujumbura International Airport, and all land borders.[80]	No
Cambodia	eVisa / Visa on arrival[81][82]	30 days	Visa is also obtainable online. All visitors are fingerprinted upon arrival and departure.[83]	No
Cameroon	eVisa[84][85]		International Certificate of Vaccination and current immunization records required.[86]	—
Canada	Visa not required[87][88]	6 months	Anyone with a criminal record (including misdemeanors or alcohol-related driving offenses in the US) may not be able to enter Canada without first obtaining an approval for rehabilitation[89] or a Temporary Resident Permit (TRP).[90] Passport Card, NEXUS card, or Enhanced Drivers License valid for Land and Sea Travel US citizens exempt from obtaining Canada ETA and are in fact barred from doing so. Green Card Holders exempt as well.	Yes
Cape Verde	Visa not required[91][92]	30 days	Must register online at least five days prior to arrival.[93]	No
Central African Republic	Visa required[94][95]		International Certificate of Vaccination required.[96]	—
Chad	Visa required[97]		International Certificate of Vaccination required. Registration within 72 hours is mandatory prior to arrival.[98] Registration is good for the life of the passport.	—
Chile	Visa not required[99]	90 days[100][101]	Proof of COVID-19 vaccine, negative PCR test, and health insurance is required.[102]	Yes
China	Visa required[103]		Registration mandatory within 24 hours of arrival.[104] All visitors between the ages of 14 and 70 are fingerprinted upon arrival and departure. 24-hour visa-free transit through China (unless arriving in Fuzhou, Huangshan, Mudanjiang, or Yanji). 72-hour visa-free transit through Changsha, Guilin and Harbin. 144-hour visa-free transit through Beijing, Chengdu, Chongqing, Dalian, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Jieyang, Kunming, Nanjing, Ningbo, Qinhuangdao, Qingdao, Shanghai, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Shijiazhuang, Tianjin, Wuhan, Xiamen and Xi'an.[105] Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan count as third countries under the 24, 72 and 144-hours transit without visa (TWOV) policies. Visas for U.S. citizens are valid for up to 10 years.[106]	—
Colombia	Visa not required[107][108]	90 days	Extendable up to 180-days stay within a one-year period[109] Colombian-born U.S. citizens and U.S. citizens traveling with children may face special exit requirements.	No
Comoros	Visa on arrival[110][111]	45 days		No
Republic of the Congo	Visa required[112]		International Certificate of Vaccination required. A letter of invitation or written proof of a hotel reservation is required.	—
Democratic Republic of the Congo	eVisa[113][114]	7 days	International Certificate of Vaccination required. Registration required. Visas must be issued at the DR Congo embassy in Washington, D.C.	—
Costa Rica	Visa not required[115][116]	90 days		No
Côte d'Ivoire	eVisa[117][118]	3 months	e-Visa holders must arrive via Port Bouet Airport. International Certificate of Vaccination required.[119]	No
Croatia	Visa not required[120][121]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area.[122]	Yes
Cuba	Tourist card required[123][124]		Tourist travel is prohibited under U.S. law for U.S. citizens, permanent residents, and others subject to U.S. jurisdiction.[124] Under the Cuban Assets Control Regulations, all persons subject to U.S. jurisdiction are not permitted to travel to Cuba unless licensed to engage in travel-related transactions. In addition to specific licenses granted by the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC), there are 12 "general licenses" that people can choose to travel on without being required to notify OFAC,[note 1] and the broad and self-reported nature of these licenses means travel is in practice subject to few restrictions.[128][129] Cuba requires travelers to purchase a tourist card prior to arrival, which can be obtained from the airline or a Cuban diplomatic mission. Tourist cards are valid for one entry and a 30-day stay, which can be extended once by 90 days at a hotel or immigration office in Cuba.[130][129] Cuba requires travelers to have health insurance valid in Cuba, which can be purchased from the airline.[124] Most of US citizens do not realize that they need a visa to Cuba as the visas are issued on the aircraft.	No
Cyprus	Visa not required[131][132]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period.[133]	No
Czech Republic	Visa not required[134]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area[135]	Yes
Denmark	Visa not required[136]	90 days	U.S. citizens can enter Denmark for up to 3 months every six months, regardless of whether they have stayed in other Schengen countries prior to entry into Denmark.[137]	Yes
Djibouti	eVisa[138][139]	90 days		No
Dominica	Visa not required[140][141]	6 months		No
Dominican Republic	Visa not required[142][143]	30 days	Extendable up to 90 days. Passport Card or Enhanced Drivers License valid for sea travel.	No
Ecuador	Visa not required[144]	90 days	Extendable for another 90 days, per year[145]	No
Egypt	eVisa / Visa on arrival[146][147]	30 days	e-Visa issued for 30 days. Visa-free travel for tourists arriving at Sharm El Sheikh, St. Catherine, or Taba airports and remaining in the Sinai resorts up to 15 days.[148]	No
El Salvador	Visa not required[149][150]	90 days	Part of the Central America-4 Free Mobility Agreement.[151] One ninety-day extension may be granted if applied five days before the first expires.[152]	No
Equatorial Guinea	eVisa[153][154]		International Certificate of Vaccination required if you are traveling from a country with risk of yellow fever.[155]	Yes
Eritrea	Visa required[156]		Permit required to leave capital.	—
Estonia	Visa not required[157]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area[158]	Yes
Eswatini	Visa not required[159]	30 days	Extendable up to 60 days[160]	No
Ethiopia	eVisa / Visa on arrival[161]	up to 90 days	Visa on arrival is obtainable only at Addis Ababa Bole International Airport.[162] e-Visa holders must arrive via Addis Ababa Bole International Airport. e-Visa is available for 30 or 90 days.[163] Visitors are fingerprinted.	No
Fiji	Visa not required[164]	4 months[165]		No
Finland	Visa not required[166][167]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area[168]	Yes
France	Visa not required[169][170]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area (in Regions of France)[171] A bilateral agreement pre-dating the Schengen area may allow 90 days of stay in France regardless of days spent in other Schengen countries.[172][173][174][175]	Yes
Gabon	eVisa[176][177]	90 days	e-Visas are available for one to six months. Electronic visa holders must arrive via Libreville International Airport.[178] International Certificate of Vaccination required.[179]	No
Gambia	Visa on arrival[180][181]		International Certificate of Vaccination required.	—
Georgia	Visa not required[182]	1 year		No
Germany	Visa not required[183]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area[184] Residence permit (Aufenthaltstitel) for stays of longer than 90 days obtainable after arrival under certain conditions. Germany requires that all passports be signed.	Yes
Ghana	Visa required[185][186]		International Certificate of Vaccination required.[187]	—
Greece	Visa not required[188][189]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area[190]	Yes
Grenada	Visa not required[191][192]	3 months		No
Guatemala	Visa not required[193][194]	90 days	Part of the Central America-4 Free Mobility Agreement.[151]	No
Guinea	eVisa[195][196]	90 days	International Certificate of Vaccination required.[197]	No
Guinea-Bissau	Visa on arrival[198]	90 days		No
Guyana	Visa not required[199]	90 days [200]		No
Haiti	Visa not required[201][202]	3 months		No
Honduras	Visa not required[203]	3 months	Part of the Central America-4 Free Mobility Agreement.[151]	No
Hungary	Visa not required[204][205]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area[206]	Yes
Iceland	Visa not required[207]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area[208]	Yes
India	eVisa[209]	30 days	e-Visa holders must arrive via 26 designated airports[Note 2] or 3 designated seaports.[Note 3][210] An Indian e-Tourist Visa can only be obtained twice within 1 calendar year. Foreigners of Pakistani origin or who hold a Pakistani Passport are not eligible for an e-Visa. Foreigners who are not Pakistani nationals, but whose parents or grandparents (either paternal or maternal) were born in, or were permanent residents in Pakistan, are also not eligible for an eVisa. [211] Visitors are fingerprinted. American citizens are eligible for a ten-year, multiple-entry tourist visa (not an e-visa).[212] American citizens of Pakistani heritage are not eligible for an eVisa nor are they eligible for a ten-year, multiple-entry tourist visa, and must apply for a regular visa.	No
Indonesia	e-VOA / Visa on arrival[213]	30 days[214][215]	Indonesian authorities have announced that citizens of the United States may be granted visa-free entry within the upcoming month[216]	No
Iran	Visa required[217][218]		Iranian visas must be obtained from the Iranian Interests section of the Embassy of Pakistan, Washington, D.C. or an Iranian embassy in a third country. U.S. visitors are fingerprinted and photographed upon entry. Independent travelers must be accompanied by an authorized guide at all times.	—
Iraq	Visa on arrival[219]	60 days		No
Ireland	Visa not required[220][221][222]	3 months	Residence permit for stays of longer than 90 days obtainable after arrival under certain conditions.	Yes
Israel	Visa not required[223]	90 days	Dual nationals of Israel and the United States who don't have an Israeli passport, including infants, may be required to obtain an Israeli passport in order to leave Israel.[224] Entry prohibited for any person "who knowingly issues a public call for boycotting Israel".[225]	Yes
Italy	Visa not required[226]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area[227] A bilateral agreement pre-dating the Schengen area may allow 90 days of stay in Italy regardless of days spent in other Schengen countries.[174]	Yes
Jamaica	Visa not required[228]	6 months	Departure tax collected by airline for all arrivals by air.[229]	Yes
Japan	Visa not required[230]	90 days	Persons who have been sentenced to 1 year or more of jail are NOT eligible for visa free travel to Japan and have to obtain visa.[231]	Yes
Jordan	eVisa / Visa on arrival[232][233]		Visa can be obtained upon arrival. Not available at King Hussein/Allenby Bridge[234]	No
Kazakhstan	Visa not required[235]	30 days	Visa free was granted in 2014 under the Unilateral visa waiver for countries with high investment in Kazakhstan Economy	No
Kenya	Electronic Travel Authorisation[236][237]	90 days	Applications can be submitted up to 90 days prior to travel and must be submitted at least 3 days in advance. eTA fee is 34.09 USD. Proof of reservation at the hotel where you plan to stay is required (if staying with friends, an invitation letter is also acceptable). Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries.	No
Kiribati	Visa not required[238][239]	90 days	May not exceed 90 days within any 12 months period.	No
North Korea	Travel restricted by U.S. government[240][241][242][243]		U.S. passports holders must obtain a special passport validation from the U.S. federal government before travel.[243] U.S. secretary of state, Rex Tillerson, authorized a ban on American travel to North Korea that went into effect in August 2017, following the death of Otto Warmbier, a US student who was detained in North Korea and sentenced to 15 years of hard labor for allegedly stealing a propaganda poster.	—
South Korea	Visa not required[244][245]	90 days	All visitors are fingerprinted. From September 2021, travelers require the Korean Electronic Travel Authorization (K-ETA). The validity period is 3 years from the date of approval.[246][247] The government of the Republic of Korea announced that from April 1, 2023, to December 31, 2024, a K-ETA is not required for 27 countries citizens visiting Korea for 90 days or less for business or tourism.	Yes
Kosovo	Visa not required	90 days[248]		No
Kuwait	eVisa / Visa on arrival[249][250]	3 months		No
Kyrgyzstan	Visa not required[251]	60 days		No
Laos	eVisa / Visa on arrival[252]	30 days	17[Note 4] of the 31 border crossings are only open to visa holders.[253] e-Visa may be used to enter Laos through Luang Prabang, Pakse and Vientiane international airports, 3 Thai-Lao Friendship Bridges[Note 5] and in Boten (road and railroad).[254] Visa on arrival is available at Luang Prabang, Pakse and Vientiane international airports, the 4 Thai-Lao Friendship Bridges[Note 6] and 6 border crossings.[Note 7][253] Visa on arrival facilities are being gradually phased out since January 2020.[255] Visa on arrival is extendable for an additional 60 days at the Department of Immigration in Vientiane.[256]	No
Latvia	Visa not required[257]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area.[258] A bilateral agreement pre-dating the Schengen area allows an additional 90 days of stay in Latvia (to a total of 180) regardless of days spent in other Schengen countries.	Yes
Lebanon	Free visa on arrival[259]	30 days	Extendable for 2 additional months. Visa waiver granted if there is no Israeli visa or seal and traveler has a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non refundable return or circle trip ticket.	No
Lesotho	Visa not required[260]	14 days	Extendable up to 180 days.[261]	No
Liberia	Visa required[262]		International Certificate of Vaccination required.[263]	—
Libya	Visa required[264]		Visitors travelling to Libya for touristic purposes are required to convert US$1,000 or equivalent on arrival. Holders of passports bearing an Israeli visa or entry/exit stamps from Israel are not allowed to enter Libya.[265] Visa not required if holding a letter from an established company in Libya.	—
Liechtenstein	Visa not required[266]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area[267]	Yes
Lithuania	Visa not required[268][269]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area. Mandatory medical insurance.[270]	Yes
Luxembourg	Visa not required[271][272]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area[273]	Yes
Madagascar	Visa on arrival[274]	60 days		No
Malawi	eVisa / Visa on arrival[275][276]	90 days	The government of Malawi grants U.S. citizens visas upon arrival at a port-of-entry in Malawi, but encourages travelers to apply online in advance for an e-visa at the following link: http://www.evisa.gov.mw. The current fee for a single-entry visa is $50; a multiple entry visa is $150.[277]	No
Malaysia	Visa not required[278]	3 months	All visitors are fingerprinted on arrival and departure.[279] Immigration offenses, such as visa overstaying, are punishable by caning.	No
Maldives	Free visa on arrival[280][281]	30 days	Extendable up to 90 days.	No
Mali	Visa required[282][283]		Letter of invitation required. International Certificate of Vaccination required.[284]	—
Malta	Visa not required[285][286]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area[287]	Yes
Marshall Islands	Visa not required[288]	Unlimited	The United States has a Compact of Free Association relationship with the Marshall Islands, Micronesia and Palau.	Yes
Mauritania	Visa on arrival[289]		International Certificate of Vaccination required.[290]	No
Mauritius	Visa not required[291]	90 days[292]		No
Mexico	Visa not required[293]	180 days	Visitors must obtain a Multiple Immigration Form. There is no charge for a tourist FMM for stays of less than 7 days when entering by land. For visitors staying more than 7 days and entering by land, it will cost 687 Mexican Pesos or nearly US$40. The FMM is required for all visitors entering via air, regardless of length of stay, and the cost is included in the traveler's airfare and remitted by the airline.[294] Passport Card or Enhanced Drivers License is valid for Land and Sea Travel.	No
Micronesia	Visa not required[295]	365 days	The United States has a Compact of Free Association relationship with the Marshall Islands, Micronesia and Palau.	Yes
Moldova	Visa not required[296]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period. Registration upon arrival is mandatory.	No
Monaco	Visa not required[297][298]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period.	Yes
Mongolia	Visa not required[299]	90 days	Registration required after 30 days.[300]	No
Montenegro	Visa not required[301]	90 days	Registration with the local police within 24 hours of arrival is mandatory.[302]	No
Morocco	Visa not required[303]	3 months[304]		No
Mozambique	Visa not required[305][306]	30 days	Travelers must register on the e-Visa platform at least 48 hours prior to travel and pay a processing fee of 650 MT.	No
Myanmar	eVisa[307][308]	28 days	e-Visa holders must arrive via Yangon, Nay Pyi Taw or Mandalay airports or via land border crossings at Tachileik, Myawaddy, Kawthaung, Rih Khaw Dar or Tamu. e-Visa available for both tourism (allowed stay is 28 days) or business (allowed stay is 70 days) purposes.	No
Namibia	Visa not required[309]	3 months[310]		No
Nauru	Visa required[311]	30 days	Visas are issued with validity of 30 days.[312]	—
Nepal	eVisa / Visa on arrival[313][314]	90 days	Obtainable at Tribhuvan International Airport and certain land borders. Total aggregate stay of no more than 150 days in any given calendar year.[315] US Citizens are eligible for five-year multiple entry visas.	No
Netherlands	Visa not required[316]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area (European Netherlands).[317] Residence permit (Verblijfstitel) for stays of longer than 90 days obtainable after arrival under certain conditions.[318]	Yes
New Zealand	Electronic Travel Authority[319]	3 months[320][321]	May enter using eGate.[322] International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy (IVL) must be paid upon requesting an Electronic Travel Authority. IVL not required for American Samoan citizens.[323] Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement.	Yes
Nicaragua	Visa not required[324]	90 days	Tourist card must be purchased upon arrival.[325] Part of the Central America-4 Free Mobility Agreement.[151]	No
Niger	Visa required[326][327]		International Certificate of Vaccination required.[328]	—
Nigeria	eVisa[329][330]	90 days	Business eVisas-on-arrival available for "Frequently Traveled Business Persons of International Reputes" or "Executives of Multi-national Companies", as well as for government officials[331] International Certificate of Vaccination required if arriving from a country with a risk of yellow fever transmission.	—
North Macedonia	Visa not required[332]	90 days	Registration with the local police within 24 hours of arrival is mandatory.[333]	No
Norway	Visa not required[334][335]	90 days	3 months within a 6-month period, regardless of previous time spent in other Schengen countries, but including time spent in other Nordic countries.[336][337]	Yes
Oman	Visa not required / eVisa[338][339]	14 days / 30 days	Visa exemption valid for 10 days [340] Holders of a visa or entrance stamp of the Emirate of Dubai that is valid for at least 21 days are visa exempt. Holders of a visa for Qatar that is valid for travel to Oman and valid for at least one month are visa exempt when arriving directly from Qatar.	No
Pakistan	ETA / Online Visa[341][342]	30 days / 3 months	Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for tourism purposes.[343] Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for business purposes.[344] Online Visa eligible.[345]	No
Palau	Visa not required[346]	1 year	The United States has a Compact of Free Association relationship with the Marshall Islands, Micronesia and Palau.	Yes
Panama	Visa not required[347]	180 days	Denial of entry or transit to any person who has a criminal conviction.[348]	No
Papua New Guinea	eVisa[349][350]	60 days	Extendable for 30 days[351]	No
Paraguay	Visa not required[352]	90 days	Effective October 12, 2021, U.S. citizens are no longer required to obtain a tourist visa for stays of up to 90 days.[353]	No
Peru	Visa not required[354]	90 days	Determined on arrival.	No
Philippines	Visa not required[355][356]	30 days	Naturalized US citizens of former Philippine nationality (balikbayan) allowed to stay for one year.	No
Poland	Visa not required[357]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area. Dual nationals must use their Polish passport.[358] A bilateral agreement pre-dating the Schengen area allows a stay in Poland regardless of days spent in other Schengen countries.[359][175]	Yes
Portugal	Visa not required[360][361][362]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area.	Yes
Qatar	Visa not required[363][364]	30 days		No
Romania	Visa not required[365][366]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period.[367]	No
Russia	Visa required[368]		72-hour visa-free transit for international cruise ship/ferry passengers only if travelling with an organized tour and accompanied at all times by a tour operator. Registration required after 7 business days.[369] American citizens may receive multiple-entry visas valid for three years.[370]	—
Rwanda	eVisa / Visa on arrival[371][372]	30 days	Visitors are fingerprinted International Certificate of Vaccination required.[373]	No
Saint Kitts and Nevis	Visa not required[374][375]	3 months		No
Saint Lucia	Visa not required[376][377]	6 weeks		No
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Visa not required[378]	6 months[379]		No
Samoa	Visa not required[380]	60 days		No
San Marino	Visa not required[381]			Yes
São Tomé and Príncipe	Visa not required[382]	15 days	International Certificate of Vaccination required.[383]	No
Saudi Arabia	eVisa / Visa on arrival[384][385]	90 days		No
Senegal	Visa not required[386]	90 days	International Certificate of Vaccination required.[387]	No
Serbia	Visa not required[388]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period.[389]	No
Seychelles	Electronic Border System[390][391]	3 months	Can be submitted up to 30 days before travel. Visitors must upload a reservation confirmation(s) for each visitor's location of stay in Seychelles. A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries. Payment of the fee (10 EUR) by credit or debit card. Valid for one journey only and it expires once exit the country.	No
Sierra Leone	eVisa / Visa on arrival[392]	3 months / 30 days[393][394]	International Certificate of Vaccination required.[395]	No
Singapore	Visa not required[396]	90 days[397]	All visitors are fingerprinted upon arrival and departure[398] US citizens can use Automated Border Control	Yes
Slovakia	Visa not required[399][400]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area. Medical insurance required. Sufficient funds of $50 per person per day required. Registration within 3 working days required.[401]	Yes
Slovenia	Visa not required[402][403]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area. Registration with the local police required within 72 hours of arrival.[404]	Yes
Solomon Islands	Free Visitor's permit on arrival[405]	3 months	3 months within 12 months[406] Visitors visa issued upon arrival for free.	No
Somalia	Visa on arrival[407]		Available at Berbera, Borama, Burao, Erigavo and Hargeisa airports. 30 days, available at Bosaso Airport, Galcaio Airport and Mogadishu Airport.	No
South Africa	Visa not required[408]	90 days	Holders of passports without 2 blank pages may be refused entry.	No
South Sudan	eVisa[409][410]		Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel. International Certificate of Vaccination required.	No
Spain	Visa not required[411]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area.[412]	Yes
Sri Lanka	ETA / Visa on arrival[413][414]	30 days[415]	Visa on arrival with Electronic Travel Authorization. US style visa waiver, get an ETA and travel.	No
Sudan	Visa required[416][417]		Exit visa required. Registration within 3 days mandatory.[418]	—
Suriname	Visa not required[419][420]	90 days	An entrance fee of US$25 or 25 Euros must be paid online prior to arrival.[421]	No
Sweden	Visa not required[422][423]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area.[424]	Yes
Switzerland	Visa not required[425]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period in the Schengen Area.[426]	Yes
Syria	Visa required[427][428]		Registration required within 15 days. Persons with passports bearing Israeli visas or entry/exit stamps are not allowed to enter.[429] Visa not required for foreign citizens with proof of Syrian origin, such as an identification card or passport. Dual-citizen males ages 17–42 need military service book. If not forgiven by the military, dual-citizens may apply for a visit visa once a year through the embassy.	—
Taiwan[430][431]	Visa not required	90 days[430]	Visitors fingerprinted upon arrival.	Yes
Tajikistan	Visa not required[432][433]	30 days	e-Visa also available.[434] e-Visa holders can enter through all border points.	No
Tanzania	eVisa / Visa on arrival[435][436]	3 months		No
Thailand	Visa not required[437]	30 days	Maximum two visits annually if not arriving by air.	No
Timor-Leste	Visa on arrival[438]	30 days	For arrivals by air only[439]	No
Togo	eVisa[440][441]	15 days[442]		No
Tonga	Free visa on arrival[443]	31 days	Visas issued upon arrival at no charge to the passenger. Valid for 31 days.	No
Trinidad and Tobago	Visa not required[444]	90 days[445]		No
Tunisia	Visa not required[446]	90 days[447]		No
Turkey	Visa not required[448][449]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period.[450]	No
Turkmenistan	Visa required[451]		10-day visa on arrival if holding letter of invitation issued by a company registered in Turkmenistan with a prior approval from the Foreign Ministry.[452]	—
Tuvalu	Visa on arrival[453]	1 month	Extendable up to 3 months[454]	No
Uganda	eVisa[455][456]	90 days	Determined at the port of entry. Must apply online at least 2 business days prior to travel. Airlines may deny passengers permission to board flights to Uganda without proof that they had successfully applied for an eVisa. Ugandan immigration authorities may require additional documentation, including proof of a return plane ticket and detailed tour itinerary in Uganda. International Certificate of Vaccination required.[457]	No
Ukraine	Visa not required[458]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period[459]	No
United Arab Emirates	Visa not required[460][461]	30 days	Extension possible with a fee. Iris scan taken on arrival. U.S. passport holders can sign up for E-Gate access on arrival/departure at Dubai International Airport.	No
United Kingdom	Visa not required[462][463]	6 months[464]	Up to 90 days if arriving from Ireland (Common Travel Area)	Yes
Uruguay	Visa not required[465]	90 days[466]		No
Uzbekistan	eVisa[467][468]	30 days	5-day visa-free transit at the international airports if holding a confirmed onward ticket for a flight to a third country.[469] Registration within 3 days is mandatory.[470] U.S. citizens under the age of 16 or over the age of 55 traveling to Uzbekistan for tourism purposes are eligible for visa-free entry for a period of up to 90 days and 30 days, respectively.[471]	No
Vanuatu	Visa not required[472]	30 days	Extendable up to 120 days[473]	No
Vatican City	Visa not required[474]		Residence Forbidden[475]	No
Venezuela	Visa required[476]			—
Vietnam	eVisa[477][478]		e-Visa is valid for 90 days and multiple entry. Phú Quốc visa exemption for up to 30 days.[479]	No
Yemen	Visa required[480][481]		Registration mandatory. Exit visa required for stays over 30 days.[482]	—
Zambia	Visa not required[483]	30 days	Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zimbabwe. All visitors are fingerprinted. Two blank pages required. International Certificate of Vaccination required.[484]	No
Zimbabwe	Visa on arrival[485]	30 days	Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zambia. Tourism purposes only.[486]	No

Territories or administrative subdivisions with different visa policies

Visa requirements for United States citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries not mentioned in the list above, recognized administrative subdivisions that operate on different visa policies and restricted zones:

Visitor to	Visa requirement	Allowed stay	Notes (excluding departure fees)
Africa
Eritrea outside Asmara	Travel permit required		Travel Permit for Foreigners is required to travel outside of the capital.[487]
Ascension Island	eVisa[488][489]	3 months	3 months within any one-year period
Saint Helena	Visa Free with Payment		Visitor's Pass granted on arrival.[490]
Tristan da Cunha	Permission required		Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[491]
Mayotte	Visa not required[492]	90 days
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic	Undefined		Undefined visa regime in the Western Sahara, same entry requirements with Morocco, controlled territory.
Somaliland	Visa on arrival	30 days	Obtainable on arrival or at the Somaliland Mission in Alexandria, VA.[493]
Réunion	Visa not required[494]	90 days
Sudan outside Khartoum	Travel permit required		All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
Darfur	Travel permit required		Separate travel permit is required.[495]
Asia
British Indian Ocean Territory	Special permit required		Special permit required.[496]
Hainan	Visa not required[497]	30 days
Hong Kong	Visa not required	90 days[498]
Protected and restricted areas of India	PAP/RAP required		Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[499][500][501][502][503][504]
Iraqi Kurdistan	Visa on arrival	30 days	Visa stamp on arrival for 30 days is available at Erbil and Sulaymaniyah airports.
Baikonur & Priozersk	Special permission required		Special permission required for the city of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Priozersk near Almaty.[505]
Kish Island	Visa not required		Tourists for Kish Island do not require a visa.[506]
Macau	Visa not required	30 days[507]
Sabah and Sarawak	Visa not required		These states have their own immigration authorities and a passport is required to travel to them, but the same visa applies.[508]
Maldives outside Malé	Permission required		Tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of the Maldives.[509]
Palestine	Visa not required		Travel to Gaza Strip may be restricted .[510]
Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province	OIVR permit required		OIVR permit required. Special permit required for Lake Sarez.[511][512][513]
Tibet Autonomous Region	TTP required		Tibet Travel Permit required in addition to Chinese visa.[514]
Mecca and Medina	Special access required		Non-Muslims and those following the Ahmadiyya religious movement are strictly prohibited from entry.
Closed cities of Turkmenistan	Special permit required		A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.[515]
Phú Quốc	Visa not required	30 days[516]
Yemen outside Sana’a or Aden	Special permission required		Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden.[482]
Caribbean and North Atlantic
Anguilla	Visa not required	3 months[517]
Aruba	Visa not required[518][519]	30 days
Bermuda	Visa not required[520]	6 months
(Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba)	Visa not required	180 days
British Virgin Islands	Visa not required	30 days
Cayman Islands	Visa not required	6 months[521]
San Andrés and Leticia	Tourist Card on arrival		Visitors arriving at Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport and Alfredo Vásquez Cobo International Airport must buy tourist cards on arrival.[522]
Curaçao	Visa not required	6 months	Maximum consecutive period of six months each calendar year.[523]
French West Indies (Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy)	Visa not required	3 months
Greenland	Visa not required[524]
Montserrat	Visa not required	6 months
Sint Maarten	Visa not required	6 months	Maximum stay allowed is 6 months uninterrupted with the possibility to extend[525][526]
Turks and Caicos Islands	Visa not required	90 days[527]
Europe
Abkhazia	Visa required[528]
Brest and Grodno	Visa not required	10 days[529]
Crimea	Visa required		Visa issued by Russia is required.[530]
Novorossiya	Restricted area		Crossing from Ukraine requires visit purpose to be explained to Ukrainian passport control on exit and those who entered from Russia are not allowed to proceed further into Ukraine.[531]
Northern Cyprus	Visa not required	3 months[532]
Faroe Islands	Visa not required[524]
Gibraltar	Visa not required[533]
Guernsey	Visa not required[534]
Isle of Man	Visa not required[535]
Jan Mayen	Permit required[533]	24 hours	Permit issued by the local police required for stays less than 24 hours[536] Permit issued by the Norwegian police required for stays of more than 24 hours.[537]
Jersey	Visa not required[538]
Artsakh	Visa required[539][540]		Travellers with Artsakh visa (expired or valid) or evidence of travel to Artsakh (stamps) will be permanently denied entry to Azerbaijan.[541]
Closed cities of Russia	Special authorization required		Several closed cities and regions in Russia require special authorization.[369]
South Ossetia	Visa not required		Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[542][543]
Svalbard	Visa not required[544]	Unlimited	Anyone of any nationality may live and work freely in Svalbard per the Svalbard Treaty.
Transnistria	Visa not required	24 hours	Registration required after 24h.[545][546]
Oceania
American Samoa	Freedom of movement	Unlimited	Passport is required for entry because American Samoans, by law, are not US citizens; rather they are US nationals. U.S. citizens and U.S. nationals may live and work freely in American Samoa.[547]
Ashmore and Cartier Islands	Special authorisation required		Special authorisation required.[548]
Clipperton Island	Special permit required		Special permit required.[549]
Cook Islands	Visa not required	31 days[550]
Lau Province	Special permission required		Special permission required.[165]
French Polynesia	Visa not required	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period.[551]
Guam	Freedom of movement	Unlimited	U.S. citizens and U.S. nationals citizens may live and work freely in Guam. Passport/EDL is required for entry. Under certain circumstances, a government issued photo ID and proof of citizenship may be used in lieu a passport on a case-by-case basis.[552][553][554]
Niue	Visa not required	30 days[555]
New Caledonia	Visa not required	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period[556]
Northern Mariana Islands	Freedom of movement	Unlimited	U.S. citizens and U.S. nationals citizens may live and work freely in the Northern Mariana Islands. Passport/EDL is not required for entry of U.S. Citizens.[554]
Pitcairn Islands	Visa not required[557]	14 days
Tokelau	Entry permit required[558]
South America
Galápagos	Pre-registration required		Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[559]
French Guiana	Visa not required	3 months[560]	International Certificate of Vaccination required.
South Atlantic and Antarctica
Falkland Islands	Visa not required[561]	1 month	A visitor permit is normally issued as a stamp in the passport on arrival.
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands	Permit required		Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[562][563]
Antarctica	Special permits required		Special permits required for  Bouvet Island,  British Antarctic Territory,  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australian Antarctic Territory, Chilean Antarctic Territory, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Peter I Island, Queen Maud Land, Ross Dependency.[564][565][566][567][568][569][570][571][572][573][574][575]

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.^[589] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year^[590] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.^[591]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.^[592][593]

Passport validity length

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens^[594][595] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).^[596]

Some countries, such as Japan,^[597] Ireland and the United Kingdom,^[598] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,^[599] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,^[600] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,^[601] Philippines,^[602] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.^[603]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except the Republic of Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives^[604] and South Africa.

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,^[605] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

Entry Permit to Nagorno-Karabakh issued in Yerevan as a stand-alone document rather than a visa affixed in a passport

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.^[606]

For example, Azerbaijan bans visits by foreign citizens that have previously entered Azerbaijan through non-Azerbaijani controlled borders. This includes the illegal entry into the separatist region of Nagorno-Karabakh^[607] (the de facto independent Republic of Artsakh), its surrounding Armenian-occupied territories, and the Azerbaijani exclaves of Karki, Yuxarı Əskipara, Barxudarlı, and Sofulu which are de jure part of Azerbaijan but under the control of Armenia. Foreign citizens who enter these territories will be permanently banned from entering the Republic of Azerbaijan^[608] and will be included in their "list of personae non gratae".^[609] As of 2 September 2019, the list mentioned 852 people.

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,^[610] Lebanon,^[611] Libya,^[612] Syria,^[613] and Yemen^[614] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.^[615]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,^[616][617] Argentina,^[618] Brunei, Cambodia,^[619] China,^[620] Ethiopia,^[621] Ghana, Guinea,^[622] India, Japan,^[623][624] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),^[625] Malaysia upon entry and departure,^[626] Mongolia, Paraguay, Saudi Arabia,^[627] Singapore, South Korea,^[628] Taiwan, Thailand,^[629] Uganda,^[630] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by domestic legislation),^{[631][632][633]} intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.^[634]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports^[635] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.^[636][637] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.^[638] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.^[639][640]