梵語

詞源

來自原始印歐語 *tód。賦予了陽性和陰性形式 स (sá), सा (sā)。

代詞

तद् (tád) （n）

  1. (第三人稱代詞) it(它)
  2. that(那個)
  3. this(這個)
變格
的變格
主格單數 (tata (tat))
屬格單數 (tasya (tasya))
單數 雙數 複數
主格 (tata (tat)) (te (te)) (tāni (tāni))
呼格 — — —
賓格 (tata (tat)) (te (te)) (tāni (tāni))
工具格 (tena (tena)) (tābhyām (tābhyām)) (taiḥ (taiḥ))
與格 (tasmai (tasmai)) (tābhyām (tābhyām)) (tebhyaḥ (tebhyaḥ))
離格 (tasmāt (tasmāt), tataḥ (tataḥ)) (tābhyām (tābhyām), tataḥ (tataḥ)) (tebhyaḥ (tebhyaḥ), tataḥ (tataḥ))
屬格 (tasya (tasya)) (tayoḥ (tayoḥ)) (teṣām (teṣām))
位格 (tasmin (tasmin)) (tayoḥ (tayoḥ)) (teṣu (teṣu))

用法

經常聯合上位于前導子句中的 य (yá)，比如：

yasya buddhiḥ sa balavān — of whom there is intellect he is strong

有時為了表示強調，連接上第一和第二人稱代詞，連接上其他指示詞和關系詞，比如：

so 'ham — I that very person, I myself
tāv imau — those very two
tad etad ākhyānam — that very tale
yat tat kāraṇam — that very reason which
yā sā śrī — that very fortune which

名詞

तद् (tád) （n）

  1. 這個世界 (cf. इदम् (idam))
  2. = ब्रह्म (brahma) » तत्त्व (tat-tva)

副詞

तद् (tád)

  1. there(那里), in that place(在那個地方), thither(那邊的), to that spot(到那個地方) (聯合上 यत्र (yátra) 或 यतस् (yátas))
  2. then(當時), at that time(在那時), in that case(如果是那樣的話)(聯合上 यदा (yadā́), यद् (yád) AV.; 聯合上 यत्र (yátra) ŚBr. xiv; 聯合上 यदि (yadi) Nal. Bhag. etc.; 聯合上 चेद् (ce*d) Śak. etc.)
  3. thus(如此), in this manner(照這樣), with regard to that(關於那個)
    tad etau ślokau bhavataḥ — with reference to that there are these two verses
  4. on that account(基於那種考慮), for that reason(由於那種理由), therefore(因此), consequently(從而)(有時聯合上 यतस् (yatas), यद् (yád), येन (yena) "成為"
  5. now(目前)(子句連接質詞)
  6. so also, equally(相等的), and(與，和)

派生詞項

  • (tad tad) (tad tad)
  • (yad tad) (yad tad)
  • (tan na) (tan na)
  • (tad api) (tad api)
  • (tad yathā) (tad yathā)

引用

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