2024 European Parliament election in Spain
9 June 2024
All 61[lower-alpha 1] Spanish seats in the European Parliament
Opinion polls
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader TBD TBD TBD
Party PSOE PP CS
Alliance S&D EPP RE
Leader since — — —
Last election 21 seats, 32.9% 13 seats, 20.2% 8 seats, 12.2%
  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Leader TBD TBD Irene Montero
Party Vox Sumar Podemos
Alliance ECR Greens/EFA
The Left		 The Left
Leader since — — TBD
Last election 4 seats, 6.2% 3 seats (UPCE)[lower-alpha 2] 3 seats (UPCE)[lower-alpha 2]

The 2024 European Parliament election in Spain will be held on Sunday, 9 June 2024,[3] as part of the EU-wide election to elect the 10th European Parliament. All 61 seats allocated to Spain as per the Treaty of Lisbon and the 2023 Council Decision establishing the composition of the European Parliament will be up for election.[lower-alpha 1]

Electoral system

61 members of the European Parliament are allocated to Spain as per the Treaty of Lisbon and subsequent acts.[lower-alpha 1] Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals and resident non-national European citizens over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights.[4][5][6] Amendments to the electoral law in 2022 abolished the "begged" or expat vote system (Spanish: voto rogado), under which Spaniards abroad were required to apply for voter registration before being permitted to vote.[7] The expat vote system was attributed responsibility for a major decrease in the turnout of Spaniards abroad during the years it had been in force.[8]

All seats will be elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with no electoral threshold being applied in order to be entitled to enter seat distribution. Seats are allocated to a single multi-member constituency comprising the entire national territory.[4] The use of the D'Hondt method may result in an effective threshold depending on the district magnitude.[9]

Outgoing delegation

Outgoing delegation in January 2024[10]
Groups Parties MEPs
Seats Total
Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats PSOE 21 21
European People's Party PP 13 13
Renew Europe CS 7 9
EAJ/PNV 1
INDEP 1[lower-alpha 3]
The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL Podemos 4 6
IU 1
Anticap. 1[lower-alpha 4]
European Conservatives and Reformists Vox 4 4
Greens–European Free Alliance ERC 2 3
BNG 1
Non-Inscrits Junts 3 3

Parties and candidates

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call. In order to be entitled to run, parties, federations, coalitions and groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least 15,000 registered electors; this requirement can be lifted and replaced through the signature of at least 50 elected officials—deputies, senators, MEPs or members from the legislative assemblies of autonomous communities or from local city councils. Electors and elected officials are disallowed from signing for more than one list of candidates.[4]

Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which will likely contest the election:

Candidacy Parties and
alliances		 Leading candidate Ideology Previous result Ref.
Votes (%) Seats
PSOE TBD Social democracy 32.86% 21
PP
List
 TBD Conservatism
Christian democracy		 20.15% 13
CS TBD Liberalism 12.18% 8 [13]
Sumar
List
 TBD Progressivism
Left-wing populism
Green politics		 10.07%[lower-alpha 5] 6
Podemos
List
 Irene Montero Left-wing populism
Democratic socialism		 [14]
[15]
[16]
Vox
List
 TBD Right-wing populism
Ultranationalism
National conservatism		 6.21% 4
ERC TBD Catalan independence
Left-wing nationalism
Social democracy		 5.58%[lower-alpha 6] 3
EH Bildu
List
 TBD Basque independence
Abertzale left
Socialism
BNG TBD Galician nationalism
Left-wing nationalism
Socialism
Junts
List
 TBD Catalan independence
Populism		 4.54%[lower-alpha 7] 3
EAJ/PNV
List
 TBD Basque nationalism
Christian democracy
Social democracy		 2.82%[lower-alpha 8] 1
CCa
List
 TBD Regionalism
Canarian nationalism
Centrism

Opinion polls

The tables below list opinion polling results in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll.

Polling firm/Commissioner Fieldwork date Sample size Turnout PSOE PP CS
Podemos		 Vox AR Junts CEUS Sumar Lead
SocioMétrica/El Español[17] 25–31 Dec 2023 2,309 ? 28.5
19		 37.1
24		 1.1
0		 3.3
2		 11.0
7		 3.2
2		 4.4
2		 1.3
0		 [lower-alpha 9] 8.8
5		 8.6
Sigma Dos/El Mundo[18] 15–26 Dec 2023 2,992 ? 29.2
19		 38.1
25		 0.2
0		 2.6
1		 11.8
7		 2.8
1		 2.3
1		 2.0
1		 [lower-alpha 9] 10.1
6		 8.9
SocioMétrica/El Español[19] 20–24 Nov 2023 2,109 ? 29.2
19		 36.8
25		 1.1
0		 2.0
1		 10.2
6		 4.2
2		 5.1
3		 1.3
0		 [lower-alpha 9] 8.0
5		 7.6
2023 general election 23 Jul 2023 — 70.4 31.7
(20)		 33.1
(21)		 – [lower-alpha 9] 12.4
(7)		 3.9
(2)		 1.7
(1)		 1.6
(1)		 [lower-alpha 9] 12.3
(7)		 1.4
November 2019 general election 10 Nov 2019 — 66.2 28.0
(18)		 20.8
(13)		 6.8
(4)		 12.9
(8)		 15.1
(10)		 5.3
(3)		 2.2
(1)		 2.8
(1)		 2.4
(1)		 – 7.2
2019 EP election 26 May 2019 — 60.7 32.9
21		 20.2
13		 12.2
8		 10.1
6		 6.2
3		 5.6
3		 4.5
3		 2.8
1		 1.3
0		 – 12.7

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 Note that while the Treaty of Lisbon initially allocated 54 seats to Spain, it was awarded five additional seats as a result of Brexit, and a further two following a European Council Decision in 2023 increasing the size of the European Parliament to 720 seats.[1][2]
  2. 1 2 Within the Podemos–IU alliance in the 2019 election.
  3. ↑ Javier Nart, former CS MEP.[11]
  4. ↑ Miguel Urbán, former Podemos MEP.[12]
  5. ↑ Results for Podemos–IU in the 2019 election.
  6. ↑ Results for Ahora Repúblicas in the 2019 election.
  7. ↑ Results for Junts in the 2019 election.
  8. ↑ Results for CEUS in the 2019 election.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 Within Sumar.

References

  1. ↑ "Real Decreto 206/2019, de 1 de abril, por el que se convocan elecciones de Diputados al Parlamento Europeo" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish) (79): 33948–33950. 2 April 2019. ISSN 0212-033X. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
  2. ↑ "The European Council establishes the composition of the European Parliament". European Council. 22 September 2023. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
  3. ↑ "Elecciones al Parlamento Europeo de 9 de junio de 2024" (PDF). National Statistics Institute (in Spanish). 27 October 2023. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
  4. 1 2 3 "Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General". Organic Law No. 5 of 19 June 1985 (in Spanish). Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  5. ↑ "Treaty of Lisbon amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the European Community". Act of 17 December 2007. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
  6. ↑ "European Council Decision (EU) establishing the composition of the European Parliament". European Council Decision No. 2023/2061 of 22 September 2023. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
  7. ↑ Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Archived from the original on 31 August 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  8. ↑ Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
  9. ↑ Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems". Trinity College, Dublin. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  10. ↑ "MEPs European Parliament - Advanced search". European Parliament. Retrieved 10 January 2024.
  11. ↑ García de Blas, Elsa (5 September 2019). "El eurodiputado Javier Nart abandona Ciudadanos aunque mantiene su acta". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 January 2024.
  12. ↑ "Miguel Urbán abandona Podemos pero mantiene su acta como eurodiputado". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 13 February 2020. Retrieved 10 January 2024.
  13. ↑ "Ciudadanos se presentará a las próximas elecciones europeas y a las catalanas". El Confidencial (in Spanish). EFE. 21 November 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  14. ↑ Belver, Marta (5 November 2023). "Podemos sienta las bases para concurrir en solitario a las elecciones europeas". El Mundo (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
  15. ↑ "Pablo Iglesias da por hecha la ruptura entre Sumar y Podemos" (in Spanish). COPE. EFE. 15 November 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
  16. ↑ Martiarena, Asier (16 December 2023). "Podemos buscará resurgir en las elecciones europeas con Irene Montero como candidata". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
  17. ↑ "El PP ganaría las europeas con casi 9 puntos sobre el PSOE y Podemos lograría dos escaños". El Español (in Spanish). 7 January 2024.
  18. ↑ "El PP ganaría por nueve puntos al PSOE, dobla su representación e Irene Montero conseguiría un escaño para Podemos en las europeas". El Mundo (in Spanish). 2 January 2024.
  19. ↑ "El PP ganaría al PSOE por 7,6 puntos y cinco escaños si las elecciones europeas se celebrasen hoy". El Español (in Spanish). 27 November 2023.
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