有机物溶解度表

這是各类有机物中的溶解度列表,以化学物质中特征官能团排列。所有数据均为1大氣壓的数据,单位为g/100g水

烃、卤代烃

物质化学式0 °C10 °C20 °C30 °C40 °C50 °C60 °C70 °C80 °C90 °C100 °C
甲烷CH4单位:V/V%–5.564.804.183.693.312.762.372.131.951.771.70
乙烷C2H6单位:V/V%–9.878.036.565.504.723.622.912.462.171.831.72
乙烯C2H4单位:V/V%–22.616.212.29.8
乙炔C2H2单位:V/V%–17313110384
C6H60.1530.1630.1750.1900.2060.2250.2500.2770.3260.396
環己烷 C6H12
甲苯CH3C6H50.0570.0680.0830.11
C10H8 19 mg/L[1] 31.6 mg/L(25°C)[1] 43.9 mg/L(34.5°C)[1] 80.9 mg/L[1]
氟甲烷CH3F0.2295
氯甲烷CH3Cl0.5325
二氯甲烷 CH2Cl2 2.56(15 °C)[2] 2(20°C)[2]

1.76(25 °C)[2]

1.59[2] 0.88(45°C)[2] 0.53[2]
三氯甲烷 CHCl3
四氯化碳 CCl4
溴甲烷CH3Cl1.75
碘甲烷CH3Cl1.40
對二氯苯 C6H4Cl2

醇、酚、醚

物质化学式0 °C10 °C20 °C30 °C40 °C50 °C60 °C70 °C80 °C90 °C100 °C
甲醇CH3OH混溶混溶
乙醇C2H5OH混溶混溶
1-丙醇C3H7OH混溶混溶
2-丙醇 C3H7OH 混溶 混溶
2-丁醇[3]C4H9OH26.018.0
1-庚醇C7H16O0.09(18 °C)0.28
季戊四醇C5H12O45.6(15 °C)76.6
环己醇C6H12O4.23.6
苯酚C6H5OH8.38.9(25 °C)[4]混溶
2-甲基苯酚2.5(25 °C)[5]
4-甲基苯酚2.3(25 °C)[5]
4-氯苯酚ClC6H4OH2.7(25 °C)[4]
4-溴苯酚BrC6H4OH1.747(25 °C)[6]
2,4-二氯苯酚Cl2C6H3OH0.5(25 °C)[4]
2,4,5-三氯苯酚Cl3C6H2OH0.1(25 °C)[4]
五氯苯酚Cl5C6OH0.002(25 °C)[4]0.003
对甲苯酚C7H8O1.82.12.42.83.23.64.05.3
间甲苯酚C7H8O0.51.42.12.73.33.84.24.64.05.8
甲醚C2H6O3.53
乙醚C4H10O6.9
苦味酸C6H2(OH)(NO2)30.700.871.081.401.752.232.903.674.505.707.01

羧酸及其衍生物

物质化学式0 °C10 °C20 °C30 °C40 °C50 °C60 °C70 °C80 °C90 °C100 °C
甲酸HCOOH混溶
乙酸CH3COOH混溶
乙醇酸 HOCH2COOH
氯乙酸 ClH2CCOOH
三氯乙酸Cl3CCOOH120(25 °C)
草酸,二水HOOCCOOH·2H2O3.546.089.5214.321.531.444.365.084.5119.8
丙酸C2H5COOH61.167.373.579.886.292.6
丙烯酸C2H3COOH混溶
乳酸 C2H5OCOOH
丁酸 C3H7COOH
异丁酸C3H7COOH20
反丁烯二酸 HOOCCH=CHCOOH 6.3 g/l,25 °C
順丁烯二酸 HOOCCH=CHCOOH 478.8 g/l
丁二酸HOOC(CH2)2COOH2.804.506.9110.616.124.435.951.170.994.9121.3
酒石酸(HCOH)2(COOH)2115126139156176195218245273304344
戊酸C4H9COOH3.7(16 °C)
柠檬酸C6H8O7216244278319371439526
柠檬酸,一水C6H8O7·H2O96118146183216
苯甲酸C6H5COOH0.170.210.290.410.560.781.161.732.714.095.88
水杨酸HOC6H4COOH0.140.220.300.420.640.901.392.263.898.12
鄰苯二甲酸 C6H4(COOH)2
間苯二甲酸 C6H4(COOH)2
對苯二甲酸 C6H4(COOH)2
氨基甲酸甲酯17.530.2155312370
尿素CO(NH2)2108167251313390505736
双缩脲NH2CONHCONH20.522.01(25 °C)7.047.6
甲酰胺 HCONH2
二甲基甲酰胺 HCONMe2
乙酰胺CH3CONH2易溶
乙酰肼C2H6N2O可溶
乙腈CH3CN混溶

胺、亚胺、肼、羟胺、肟

物质化学式0 °C10 °C20 °C30 °C40 °C50 °C60 °C70 °C80 °C90 °C100 °C
甲胺CH3NH2单位:mL–97211471082
二甲胺 (CH3)2NH
三甲胺 (CH3)3N
乙胺 EtNH2
乙二胺 H2NC2H4NH2
二乙胺 Et2NH
三乙胺 Et3N
苯胺C6H7N3.6
乙醛肟C2H5NO可溶

其它有机物

物质化学式0 °C10 °C20 °C30 °C40 °C50 °C60 °C70 °C80 °C90 °C100 °C
吡啶C5H5N混溶
D-半乳糖C6H12O610.368.3
D-甘露糖C6H12O6248
果糖C6H12O6375.0538.0
海藻糖C12H22O1168.9
麦芽糖C12H22O11108
棉籽糖C18H32O16·5H2O14
木糖C5H10O5117
D-葡萄糖C6H12O683
乳糖C12H22O118
蔗糖C12H22O11181.9190.6201.9216.7235.6259.6288.8323.7365.1414.9476.0

参考文献

  1. Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (90th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.
  2. . chemister.ru. [2023-07-17]. (原始内容存档于2014-05-27).
  3. Donald B. Alger. . Journal of Chemical Education. 1991-11, 68 (11): 939 [2021-10-19]. ISSN 0021-9584. doi:10.1021/ed068p939.1. (原始内容存档于2020-09-17) (英语).
  4. E. V. Datskevich. . Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry. 2009-12, 82 (12): 2201–2209 [2021-10-19]. ISSN 1070-4272. doi:10.1134/S1070427209120210 (英语).
  5. Rafael Garrett Dolatto, Iara Messerschmidt, Betânia Fraga Pereira, Talita de Oliveira, Clênio Nailto Pillon, Gilberto Abate. . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2010-02-24, 58 (4): 2426–2432 [2021-10-19]. ISSN 0021-8561. doi:10.1021/jf9030162 (英语).
  6. Hidetoshi Kuramochi, Kouji Maeda, Katsuya Kawamoto. . Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 2004, 23 (6): 1386 [2021-10-19]. ISSN 0730-7268. doi:10.1897/03-279 (英语).

书籍

  • Haynes, W.M. . CRC Press. 2016 [2021-10-19]. ISBN 978-1-4987-5429-3. (原始内容存档于2021-10-20).
  • 刘光启. . 化学工业出版社. 2002. ISBN 9787502537609.

参见

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