英语
其他寫法
詞源
源自中古英語 、、 (的賓語),源自古英語 、 (的與格),源自原始日耳曼語 (的與格), (的與格)的西部方言,源自原始印歐語 (“你們”)、。
與低地蘇格蘭語 (“你”)、薩特弗里斯蘭語 (“你”)、西弗里斯蘭語 (“你”)、低地德語 、、 (“你”)、荷蘭語 、 (“你”)、中古高地德語 、 (“你”, 賓格代詞)、拉丁語 (“你”)、阿維斯陀語 (vō, “你”)、阿什昆語 (“你”)、卡姆卡塔-維利語 (“你”)、梵語 (yūyám, “你”)同源。
發音
- (重讀)
音頻: (檔案) - 韻部:-uː
- (非重讀)
- 同音词:, , , , (有 h-音脫落的方言), hue (有 h-音脫落的方言)
如果跟在以/t/、/d/、/s/、/z/音結尾的詞後,可能會分別與/j/合併成/tʃ/、/dʒ/、/ʃ/、/ʒ/。這種發音有時也會在書寫中表示出來,如( )或 whatcha doin'?(更為正式的寫法是 what are you doing?)。
代词
(第二人稱,單/複數,主/賓語,所有格限定詞,所有格代詞,單數反身,複數反身)
- 第二人称单数或复数代词:你,你们。
- What do you think of this plan?
- 你(們)覺得這個計劃如何?
- (不定人稱代詞) 代稱任何人 (自16世紀)
- 2001, Polly Vernon, The Guardian, 5 May 2001:
- You can't choose your family, your lovers are difficult and volatile, but, oh, you can choose your friends - so doesn't it make much more sense to live and holiday with them instead?
- 2001, Polly Vernon, The Guardian, 5 May 2001:
使用注意
- you 起初多作複數代詞(即“你們”義),且多作賓語,類似 之於 。當時對應的主語是 。單數形式則分別為 和 。在一些較為舊式的英語中 you 和 ye 都是單數敬稱,如用於稱呼上級,而 thee 和 thou 則是單數非敬稱。1600年代,還有作家反對“單數 you 的用法” [1](對比反對單數 的用法),但在現代英語中,thee 和 thou 都已是古語,而 you 則通用作單數和複數形式。
近義詞
派生詞
派生語彙
- 牙買加克里奧爾語:
參見
英语人称代词
数 | 人称 | 性 | 主语 | 宾语 | 反身 | 所有 | 所有代词 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
单数 | 第一 | — | I | me | myself | my | mine |
第二 | — | you, thou (古) |
you, thee (古) |
yourself, thyself (古) theeself (古) |
your, thy (古) |
yours, thine (古) | |
第三 | 阳性 | he | him | himself | his | ||
阴性 | she | her | herself | her | hers | ||
中性 | it | itself | its | its (罕) | |||
复数 | 第一 | — | we | us | ourselves | our | ours |
第二 | — | you, ye (古) |
you | yourselves | your | yours | |
第三 | — | they | them | themselves | their | theirs | |
不定 | 第三 | — | one | oneself | one's | — |
限定詞
- 你,你們
- Have you gentlemen come to see the lady who fell backwards off a bus?
- 您幾位先生來看那位朝後從巴士上摔下來的女士了嗎?
- 用於指代人的修飾語前,加強語氣。
- You idiot! ― 你這傻子!
- 2015, Judi Curtin, Only Eva, The O'Brien Press (ISBN 9781847177506):
- 'You genius!' I shouted in Aretta's ear. 'You absolute genius! Why didn't you tell us you were so good?'
派生詞
動詞
(第三人稱單數簡單現在時,現在分詞,一般過去時及過去分詞)
- (及物) 以代詞 you 來稱呼某人(如過去用 you 而不用 thou 稱呼,因為當時認為 you 更正式)
- 1930, Barrington Hall, Modern Conversation, Brewer & Warren, page 239:
- Youing consists in relating everything in the conversation to the person you wish to flatter, and introducing the word “you” into your speech as often as possible.
- 1992, Barbara Anderson, Portrait of the Artist’s Wife, Victoria University Press, page 272:
- Now even Princess Anne had dropped it. Sarah had heard her youing away on television the other night just like the inhabitants of her mother’s dominions beyond the seas.
- 2004, Ellen Miller, Brooklyn Noir, Akashic Books, "Practicing":
- But even having my very own personal pronoun was risky, because it’s pretty tough to keep stopped-hope stopped up when you are getting all youed up, when someone you really like keeps promising you scary, fun, exciting stuff—and even tougher for the of that moment to remain securely devoid of hope, to make smart, self-denying decisions with Dad youing me—the long ooo of it broad and extended, like a hand.
- 1930, Barrington Hall, Modern Conversation, Brewer & Warren, page 239:
參考資料
- ↑ The British Friend (November 1st, 1861), notes: "In 1659, Thomas Ellwood, Milton's friend and scoretary, thus expresses himself—“ The corrupt and unsound form of speaking in the plural number to a single person, you to one instead of thou, contrary to the pure, plain, and simple language ..."
喀麥隆皮欽語
替代寫法
詞源
來自英語 。
發音
- 國際音標(幫助):/ju/
代詞
參見
Template:Wes-personal pronouns
日語
羅馬化
- 的罗马字转写
參見
- ()
卡拉瓦語
名詞
來源
- transnewguinea.org, citing D. C. Laycock, Languages of the Lumi Subdistrict (West Sepik District), New Guinea (1968), Oceanic Linguistics, 7 (1): 36-66
萊昂語
詞源
來自古萊昂語 ,來自通俗拉丁語 ,6世紀始見於羅曼語族,來自拉丁語 ,來自原始意大利語 ;與希臘語 (egó)、梵語 (aham)同族,全部來自原始印歐語 。
代詞
參見
Template:Roa-leo-personal pronouns
官話
羅馬化
使用說明
中古英語
詞源1
代詞
詞源2
代詞
米蘭德斯語
詞源
發音
- 國際音標(幫助):/jow/
代詞
- 我 (第一人稱代詞)
- 2008, “Ai que cochino!!! (ver. II)”, 出自 Picä Tumilho (band) 作曲, Faíçca: Ua stória d'amor i laboura:
- I you cun muita fuorça spetei bien la faca
- 而我用小刀深深地扎穿。
普耶語
名詞
來源
- transnewguinea.org, citing D. C. Laycock, Languages of the Lumi Subdistrict (West Sepik District), New Guinea (1968), Oceanic Linguistics, 7 (1): 36-66
塔基亞語
詞源
名詞
來源
- Malcolm Ross, Andrew Pawley, Meredith Osmond, The Lexicon of Proto-Oceanic: The Culture and Environment (2007, ISBN 1921313196
- ↑ Loanwords in Takia, in Loanwords in the World's Languages: A Comparative Handbook (edited by Martin Haspelmath, Uri Tadmor), page 761
泰雷布語
名詞
延伸閱讀
- Malcolm Ross (1988), “Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia”, Pacific Linguistics, 卷series C-98
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