其他寫法

• ,

詞源

源自拉丁語 （比喻義“生命之光”）。對比羅馬尼亞語 。

名詞

1. 世界
2. 人民
3. 人類

名詞

1. 的屬格單數

詞源

+‎

發音

• 國際音標^(幫助)：/ˈlumeˣ/, [ˈlume̞(ʔ)]

名詞

1. 幻覺，錯覺

異序詞

• ,

詞源

最早見於13世紀，源自古加利西亞語、古葡萄牙語 ，源自拉丁語 。與葡萄牙語 , 阿斯圖里亞斯語 , 西班牙語 同源。

發音

• 國際音標^(幫助)：[ˈlu.mɪ]

名詞

 m (複數)

1. 火，焰

   近義詞：

2. 〈旧〉 光
   • 1370, Ramón Lorenzo (ed.), Crónica troiana. A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 689:

     ca despois que anoyteçeu tornou outrosí escuro speso a sobreguisa, et nõ fazía luar nẽ lume, pouco nẽ mais.

     because after nightfall it became dark, and this darkness was exceedingly thick, and it was neither moonlight nor light, no less or more

3. 林火
   • 1990, Xaquín Fernández Leiceaga, Economia (politica) do monte galego, page 103:

     A hipótese básica é que os lumes, por máis que sexan intencionados, non obedecen a unha lóxica económica de potencia irregular de ano en ano, senón a causas continuamente presentes

     The basic hypothesis is that forest fires, even being caused intentionally, don't follow year after year an economic logic of irregular potential, but instead causes that are continuously present

參考資料

• “lume” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “lume” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• “lume” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• "lume" in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “lume” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

詞源

源自拉丁語 ← 原始印歐語 ，派生自詞根 (“明亮”)。“內腔”是現代新起義。參見借詞。

發音

• 國際音標^(幫助)：/ˈlu.me/, [ˈl̺uːme]
• 斷字：lù‧me

名詞

 m (複數)

1. 光源
   • 1321, , [The Divine Comedy: Purgatory] (paperback), Bompiani, 出版於 2001, Canto XXII，頁號 336，行號s 67–69:

     Facesti come quei che va di notte, ¶ che porta il lume dietro e sé non giova, ¶ ma dopo sé fa le persone dotte, […]

     Thou didst as he who walketh in the night, ¶ who bears his light behind, which helps him not, ¶ but wary makes the persons after him, […]

   • 1353, , “Seconda giornata, Novella VII [Second Day, 7th Story]”, 出自 [Decameron]‎, Tommaso Hedlin, 出版於 1527，頁號 50:

     Pericone non diede indugio a ſeguitarla, ma ſpento ogni lume preſtamente da laltra parte le ſi coricò al lato […]

     Pericone was not slow to follow her, but, putting out every light, promptly hid himself beside her […]

   1. 〈旧〉 非電力的光源（如蠟燭、煤油燈）
      • 1840, , 章號 XXXIII, 出自 ‎, Tip. Guglielmini e Redaelli，頁號 626:

        “ […] C’era una vernaccia!... Ma, con una buona dormita, tutto se ne va. Ho un gran sonno... Levami un po’ quel lume dinanzi, che m’accieca... mi dà una noia...!”

        “ […] The wine was so fine!... With a good sleep all will be well again. I am overcome by sleep... Get that lamp away from before me, it's blinding me... it troubles me so...!”

   2. 〈罕〉 電力光源
2. 〈引〉〈詩〉 星
   • 1472, , [The Divine Comedy: Paradise] (paperback), Le Monnier, 出版於 2002, Canto II，頁號 39，行號s 64–66:

     La spera ottava vi dimostra molti ¶ lumi, li quali e nel quale e nel quanto ¶ notar si posson di diversi volti.

     Lights many the eighth sphere displays to you ¶ which in their quality and quantity ¶ may noted be of aspects different.

   • 1374, , “Tacer non posso, et temo non adopre [I can’t be silent, yet I fear to use]”, 出自 ‎, Florence: Andrea Bettini, 出版於 1858，頁號 349:

     Fra tanti amici lumi, ¶ una nube lontana mi dispiacque; ¶ la qual temo che 'n pianto si risolve, […]

     Among so many friendly stars, ¶ one distant cloud displeased me: ¶ which I fear will melt away in tears

   • 近義詞： 、
   1. 〈喻〉〈詩〉 上帝
      • 1472, , [The Divine Comedy: Purgatory] (paperback), Bompiani, 出版於 2001, Canto XIII，頁號 195，行號s 85–87:

        Volsimi a loro e: «O gente sicura», ¶ incominciai, «di veder l'alto lume ¶ che 'l disio vostro solo ha in cura […] »

        To them I turned me, and, "O people, certain," ¶ began I, "of beholding the high light, ¶ which your desire has solely in its care, […]

   2. 〈喻〉〈引〉〈詩〉 神聖的靈魂或實體
      • 1472, , [The Divine Comedy: Paradise] (paperback), Le Monnier, 出版於 2002, Canto X，頁號 179，行號s 71–73:

        si trovan molte gioie care e belle ¶ tanto che non si posson trar del regno; ¶ e 'l canto di quei lumi era di quelle;

        Are many jewels found, so fair and precious ¶ they cannot be transported from the realm; ¶ and of them was the singing of those lights;

   3. 〈喻〉〈引〉〈詩〉〈文〉 受尊敬的人
      • 16世紀, , transl., [Aeneid]‎, Florence: Leonardo Ciardetti, translation所著的Aeneis, 出版於 1827, Libro I，頁號 102:

        Cadde Riféo, ch'era ne' Teucri un lume ¶ di bontà, di giustizia e d'equitate

        Ripheus fell, who was a light among the Teucrians ¶ for goodness, justice and equity

      • 1472, , [The Divine Comedy: Hell], 12th版 (paperback), Le Monnier, 出版於 1994, Canto I，頁號 13，行號s 82–84:

        «O de li altri poeti onore e lume, ¶ vagliami 'l lungo studio e 'l grande amore ¶ che m'ha fatto cercar lo tuo volume.»

        "O, of the other poets honour and light, ¶ avail me the long study and great love ¶ that have impelled me to explore thy volume!

      • c. 1527, , [Orlando in Love]‎, Milano: Società Tipografica de' Classici Italiani, 出版於 1828, Canto XIII，頁號 37:

        A que' tre che tu, Fiorenza, onori ¶ eterni lumi della lingua nostra, […]

        To those three that you, Florence, honour, ¶ eternal lights of our own language […]

3. 光，尤指：
   1. 〈古〉〈文〉 自然光
      • 1472, , [The Divine Comedy: Purgatory] (paperback), Bompiani, 出版於 2001, Canto I，頁號 10，行號s 37–39:

        Li raggi delle quattro luci sante ¶ fregiavan sì la sua faccia di lume ¶ ch'i' 'l vedea come 'l sol fosse davante.

        The rays of the four consecrated stars ¶ did so adorn his countenance with light, ¶ that him I saw as were the sun before him.

      • 1909, , “La capinera [The Blackcap]”, 出自 Nuovi poemetti‎, 4th版, Bologna: Nicola Zanichelli, 出版於 1918，頁號 29，行號s 7–9:

        Il cinguettìo, così tra lume e scuro, ¶ cessò d’un tratto. Era comparso il sole. ¶ Sparì ciascuno nel bel giorno puro.

        The chirping, between light and darkness ¶ ceased suddenly. The Sun had risen. ¶ They all disappeared into the pure day.

      • 近義詞：
   2. 〈旧〉 （人造的，非電力的）光
4. (繪畫) 光投射到圖畫上的方式
5. 〈喻〉 視力
   • 1516, , Orlando Furioso [Raging Roland]‎, Venice: Printed by Gabriel Giolito, 出版於 1551, Canto XLIII，頁號 205:

     e facea alcun effetto ſopr'humano; ¶ dar lume a ciechi, e tornar morti a vita; ¶ fermare il uento ad un ſegno di croce ¶ e far tranquillo il mar, quand'è piu atroce.

     [a hermit] who had done superhuman deeds; ¶ regiving sight to the blind, and restoring the dead to life; ¶ hushing the winds with a sign of the cross ¶ and pacifying the sea when at its scariest.

   • 近義詞：
   1. 〈〉 雙眼
      • 1374, , “I' vidi in terra angelici costumi [I saw angelic virtue on earth]”, 出自 ‎, Florence: Andrea Bettini, 出版於 1858，頁號 157，行號s 5–8:

        E vidi lagrimar que' duo bei lumi, ¶ c'han fatto mille volte invidia al Sole; ¶ ed udii sospirando dir parole ¶ che farian gir i monti e stare i fiumi.

        And I saw two lovely eyes that wept, ¶ that made the sun a thousand times jealous; ¶ and I heard words emerge among sighs ¶ that made the mountains move, and halted rivers.

      • 1581, , [Jerusalem Delivered]‎, Erasmo Viotti, Canto LX，頁號 372:

        e cadde tramortita: e ſi diffuſe ¶ di gelato ſudore: e i lumi chiuſe.

        and she fell to the ground, stunned, getting covered ¶ with freezing sweat, and closed her eyes.

      • 1835, , “I. All'Italia [To Italy]”, 出自 ‎, Bari: Einaudi, 出版於 1917，頁號 7，行號s 134–136:

        Ché, se il fato è diverso, e non consente ¶ ch’io per la Grecia i moribondi lumi ¶ chiuda prostrato in guerra, […]

        If fate’s opposed, and will not consent that I fall in war, and close my dying eyes, for Greece, […]

      • 近義詞：
6. 〈喻〉 啟蒙，啟迪
   • 1472, , [The Divine Comedy: Purgatory] (paperback), Bompiani, 出版於 2001, Canto VI，頁號 86，行號s 43–45:

     Veramente a così alto sospetto ¶ non ti fermar, se quella non ti dice ¶ che lume fia tra 'l vero e lo 'ntelletto.

     Verily, in so deep a questioning ¶ do not decide, unless she tell it thee, ¶ who light 'twixt truth and intellect shall be.

   1. 〈〉 基於理性建立起來的文化
      • 1764, , “V. Oscurità delle leggi [Of the Obscurity of Laws]”, 出自 Dei delitti e delle pene [On Crimes and Punishments]‎, Paris: Dal Molini, 出版於 1780，頁號 21:

        Da ciò veggiamo quanto sia utile la stampa, che rende il pubblico, e non alcuni pochi, depositario delle sante leggi, e quanto abbia dissipato quello spirito tenebroso di cabala e d’intrigo, che sparisce in faccia ai lumi ed alle scienze […]

        Hence we see the use of printing, which makes the public, and not a few individuals, the guardians of the sacred laws, and how it has dissipated the gloomy spirit of cabal and intrigue, which disappears in the face of enlightenment and sciences […]

7. 〈喻〉(多用複數) 建議，有用的信息
   • 1881, , ‎, Fratelli Treves, 出版於 1907, Chapter VII，頁號 113:

     La seduta fu sciolta senza concludere nulla. Il segretario voleva un po’ di tempo per prender lume;

     The meeting was closed without deciding upon anything. The clerk wanted time to get up his subject.

   • 近義詞： 、
   1. 〈引〉 洞察力
      • 1472, , [The Divine Comedy: Purgatory] (paperback), Bompiani, 出版於 2001, Canto XVI，頁號 237，行號s 73–75:

        Lo cielo i vostri movimenti inizia; ¶ non dico tutti, ma, posto ch'i' 'l dica, ¶ lume v'è dato a bene e a malizia

        The heavens your movements do initiate, ¶ I say not all; but granting that I say it, ¶ light has been given you for good and evil

      • 近義詞：
8. 〈解〉 內腔
9. (捕魚) 網眼大小

異序詞

名詞

1. 的另一種寫法

詞源

源自古葡萄牙語 ← 拉丁語 ← 原始印歐語 ← 。與加利西亞語 , 西班牙語 , 加泰羅尼亞語 , 奧克語 , 法語 , 意大利語 , 羅馬尼亞語 同源。“內腔”是現代新起義。參見借詞。

發音

• (PT) 國際音標^(幫助)：/ˈlu.mɨ/
• 斷字：lu‧me

名詞

 m (複數)

1. 火，焰
2. 〈解〉 內腔

詞源

源自拉丁語 (“光”)（比喻義“生命之光”），源自原始印歐語 ，派生自詞根 (“明亮”)。對比教會斯拉夫語 (světŭ, “光；世界”)；匈牙利語 ，原義為“光”。參見。

發音

• 國際音標^(幫助)：[ˈlu.me]

名詞

 f (複數)

1. 世界
2. 人民
3. 人類
4. 〈古〉〈方〉 光

拓展閱讀

• 《羅馬尼亞語詞典》（DEX online - Dicționare ale limbii române）中有關lume的內容